Instrumentele muzicale

Instrumentele muzicale au fost

folosite de oameni pentru a crea
muzica inca din timpuri stravechi

Categories:

- La fel ca plantele, instrumentele

muzicale sunt catalogate in mai
multe familii
- Avem 5 familii diferite de
instrumente intr-o orchestra clasica

The Brass Family

 Brass instruments were traditionally

made of brass, but today, we
recognize that some instruments are
classed as brass although theyre
made of other materials. Some
instruments made of brass are in fact
not in the brass family!

 Brass instruments create sound by

the musician buzzing their lips into
a round mouthpiece. Here is a
trombone mouthpiece:

 Brass instruments usually have long,

sometimes coiled tubing which leads to
a bell where the sound comes out.

Trumpet

French
Horn

 The Tuba and the Euphonium look

very similar, but the Euphonium has
longer, narrower coils, and makes a
less abrupt sound.

Left: Tuba

Right: Euphonium

 Here are some brass instruments

that are not in common use. They
look similar to other more familiar
instruments, dont they!

Ophicleide
(Off-i-clyde)

Cornett

 Here are some really different

instruments, that are (believe it or
not) members of the brass family.
The player must buzz their lips as
they play:

Conch

Didgerido
o

Alphorn

 The Woodwind Family

 Woodwinds are, like brass,

instruments whose sound is created
by the musicians breath. However,
these instruments do not require the
buzzing that the brass need. There
are two types of woodwinds, flutes
and reeds.

 The Flute family consists of instruments

with which you blow over a hole or edge to
create the sound. These include all flutes,
recorders, and various types of whistles.

Flute

Recorder

 Most of the woodwinds have a

mouthpiece with either one or two
reeds. When the musician blows
into the mouthpiece, the reed
vibrates to create the sound.

Clarinet

Comparison of
the sizes of 4
different
woodwinds.

The bassoon and the oboe

are two-reed woodwinds.

Top: Bassoon
Bottom:
Oboe

The bagpipes can have

either one or two reeds

 Beware!
The Saxophone is classified as a
woodwind instrument. Although its
body is made of brass, the
mouthpiece contains a reed, and only
exhaling is necessary to make to
work.
Didgeridoos,
Cornetts and
Alphorns, although
theyre made of
wood, are not
woodwinds.

Which of these instruments are

woodwinds?

The Strings Family

 Instruments whose sounds are

created by manipulating tightened
strings are members of the string
family. The strings may be plucked;
they may be scratched with a bow,
and they may be strummed.

Right: Jeff Healey

Far right: Jimmy
Page (Led
Zeppelin)

 String quartets consist of two violas,

one violin, and one cello. The viola is
slightly larger than the violin, and
has a lower register. Check out the
difference in size! The cello is too
large to hold to your chin; it rests on
the floor and the player sits to play it.

String Quartet

Left: Violin Right:

Left: Double
Bass, or
Contrabass

Cello

Electric Bass

 There are many different types of

guitars, and they can be found in
cultures all around the world. The
Classical Guitar is used more
frequently in modern symphonies.
Modern rock music is largely guitarbased.

Left: Classical Guitar

Center: Mandolin

Right: Banjo

 Many guitars are uniquely crafted to

create new, innovative sounds. They
often go by their inventors name:

Left: Warr Guitar

Above: Dobro
Right: Chapman Stick (Bass
Guitar)

 There are too numerous string family

instruments to list here. The string
family is one of the most diverse,
with countless different styles found
everywhere, and in virtually ever
genre of music.
Top Left:
Hurdy Gurdy
Top Right:
Sitar
Bottom Left:
Mouth Bow
Bottom
Right:
Zither

 Harps are also part of the string

family; the harp is included in the
classical orchestra.
Below:
Autoharp
The musician
pushes keys
while
strumming.

Left: Classic Harp

Right: Lyre (ancestor of the harp)

 The Percussion Family

 Percussion instruments are those

that are played by striking or
shaking.
All drums are percussion
instruments.
Often, drums are used to keep the
rhythm in a musical piece. They are
used for effect and add dynamics to
complex compositions.

 Here are some examples of different

types of drums:
Left: Snare drum; Bottom Left: Concert Tom
Drums
Bottom Right: Timpani

 Some percussion instruments are

tuned instruments, which means you
can play notes in a scale on them:
Left: Chimes
(Orchestra)
Bottom Left:
Glockenspiel
Bottom Right:
Xylophone
Right: Bells
Glockenspiels are
made of metal;
xylophones are
made of wood.

Here are some other familiar

percussion instruments:

Left: Tambourine

Left: Triangle

Center: Cymbals
Maracas

Center: Cowbell
block

Right:

Right: Wood

What family of instruments does this

belong to?

The Keyboard Family

 Today, many people recognize that

there is now a fifth family of
instruments. The keyboard family
includes pianos, organs, electronic
keyboards and synthesizers, among
Left: Strings inside a
others.
grand piano.
Right: Felt mallets
that strike the strings
inside an upright
piano

One could argue that a piano is a

percussion instrument, because you
strike the keys to play it. It has also
been considered a string instrument,

Some other keyboard family

instruments:

Top Left: Mellotron popular in the

1960s and 70s, replicates string
sounds.
Top Center: Early model Moog
Synthesizer
Top Right: Harpsichord, very common
Baroque keyboard, ancestor of the
piano

What Is This?!?!

It is called a Theramin. It is played by

moving your hands closer and further
from the device, causing the radio
frequencies to change pitch.

Like the theramin, there are other

oddball instruments that defy
classification. Who knows, maybe
there will be more families of

And then there were

these!

Any questions?