Screed Unit

Construction

Delivery

Operational Principles of the

Screed

Self-leveling Concepts
Screed Response versus Distance
Forces Acting on a Screed

Construction

Delivery

Self Leveling - Rubber Tired Paver

Line of Pull

Rear Drive Tires

Construction

Front Bogie Wheels

Delivery

Self Leveling Track Paver

Construction

Delivery

1 inch movement
at Tow Point

1/8 inch movement at

Leading Edge of Screed

Construction

Delivery

Screed Responses Verses Distance

L

Direction of Paving
63%

87%

96%

Screed Path
98%

Step Amplitude = 100%

1L

2L

3L

4L

99%
Tow Point Path

5L

6L

L = Leveling Arm Length

Detail of Screed Path

Construction

Delivery

Main Forces Acting on Screed

1. Towing Force
2. Force of Material in Front of Screed
3. Frictional Forces
4. Weight of Screed
5. Additional compactive force applied by
the screed

The self-leveling action of the screed means it will

respond to the various forces acting on it to find its
balance or equilibrium.
Construction

Delivery

Free Body Diagram of Forces on Screed

Construction

Delivery

Lowering the pivot point increases the angle of attack

Screed Depth
Crank
F3

Tow Point

Pivot Point
F2
F1

Construction

Delivery

How does the head of material affect HMA thickness?

Correct Depth of
Mat Maintained
Constant Head of Material Volume
Screed Rises Due to
Excess Material Forced
Under Nose of Screed
Head of Material Volume Too High
Screed Settles Due to
Inadequate Supporting
Material
Head of Material Volume Too Low

Construction

Delivery

10

Correct
Elevation

Construction

Auger
Overloaded

Delivery

Auger
Underloaded

11

Increase the angle of attack, increase the thickness.

Decrease the angle of attack, decrease the thickness.

Travel
Angle of Attack

Construction

Delivery

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Construction

Delivery

13

HOT STOP Concept

If constant material flow cannot be
maintained, before HMA mix drops in hopper
below gates...
Hot Stop the paver as quickly as possible
Wait for next truck
Pick up truck on run and resume speed as
quickly as possible.

Construction

Delivery

14

Ridability
Noticeable pavement defects that destroy
smoothness are caused by
Stop and Go Operation
Transverse Joint Construction
To avoid these irregularities
Keep the paver moving
Pick up trucks on the run
Adjust paver speed to match the mix arrival rate
Keep a uniform head of material
Take time to make good
Construction
Delivery transverse joints
15

Construction

Delivery

16

Screed Control Systems

Whos Responsible for Changes

Sticking the Mat
Manual Controls
Automatic Controls

Construction

Delivery

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Construction

Delivery

18

Pavement Profile

Direction of Paving

Construction

Delivery

19

Direction of Paving
63%

87%

96%

Screed Path
98%

Step Amplitude = 100%

1L

2L

3L

4L

99%
Tow Point Path

5L

6L

L = Leveling Arm Length

Detail of Screed Path

Construction

Delivery

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Construction

Delivery

21

Screed Compaction
Screed With Tamping bar
Moved up and down 4mm at a rate of 1500
tamps per minute

Construction

Delivery

22

 Screed With Tamping bar

This system has large number of moving
parts, required regular maintenance and
very heavy
Slight Indentations in the HMA surface
were produced by each stroke of the bar

Construction

Delivery

23

Screed Compaction
Vibrating Screed
Consists of a curved, trough-shaped plate
that has an electric vibrator (3600 vpm with
a few thousands of an inch amplitude)

Construction

Delivery

24

Screed Compaction
Vibratory Screed with Strike-Off Plate

Construction

Delivery

25

Screed Heaters
Heating the screed plate to 150C
Ensures that the first material placed does
not stick to the screed plate and tear, giving
mat a rough texture

Crown Control
Assist in draining rainfall off the road surface
adjust a turnbuckle device to flex the bottom
of the screed

Construction

Delivery

26

Screed Extensions
Basic width of the paver : 2.4 m or 3.0m
Paving width can be extended
Rigid Screed Extensions
Hydraulically-operated Screed Extensions
Hydraulically extendible screed are more
economical
Surface texture is different and density is
lower under the screed extension than the
basic screed unit
Construction

Delivery

27

Construction

Delivery

28

Types of Grade Reference

Three Basic Types of Grade References
Erected Stringline
Mobile reference
Joint matching shoe
Sonic sensor
Laser Technology

Construction

Establish a single grade

or dual grade for both
Grade and slope control
Delivery

29

Grade sensors
Longitudinal Grade Sensor
Transverse cross slope Device
Dual Grade Sensors

Construction

Delivery

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Stringlines

Supports at every 25ft on

tangents and 10ft on
horizontal curves
Construction

Delivery

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Construction

Delivery

32

Stringline in a Runaway Overlay

Construction

Delivery

33

Stringline Grade Reference

Disadvantages
Difficult to maintain correct elevation
Need high tensile strength line
Time consuming (need survey crew)
Truck drivers, equipments and all personal must
stay away
Advantages
Controls the actual grades
Essential for Airfield paving
Prevents bird baths
Construction

Delivery

34

Balancing Production

HMA
Facility

Paving

Trucking
Construction

Compaction
Delivery

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