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Speaking
Speaking is the most important skill in English language teaching.
In general, to encourage speaking in the early stages of a course and with
students who are a little timid, give plenty of guidance on what the
conversations should be about.
You can give students a list of questions to ask each other or specific topics
and lots of language input first.
So before the activity gets under way make sure that the class knows the
necessary grammar and vocabulary with appropriate examples. In this way
students dont have to think about what to say, only how to say things.
Set speaking tasks for pair group work as often as possible. The tasks
should have clear aims and involve taking turns, so say Find out what
your partner thinks about X and make some notes, rather than just telling
them to discuss X.
The advantage is that the students are more aware of the need to get the
other persons view instead of talking about themselves the whole time.
(Nunan, 2003)
by "interacting".
-Communicative
language
- based on realteaching and
life situations
collaborative
that require
learning serve communication.
best for this aim.
communicative activities
Communicative activities are practical because they
Discussions
Playing
Cards
Simulations
Storytelling
Reporting
Role Play
Information
Gap
Interviews
Story
Completion
Picture
Describing
Prepared talks
Play sript
Acting out dialogs
Questioners
Discussion
Buzz group
Instant comment
Formal debates
Unplanned discussion
Reaching consensus
Activity (example)
1. Go through the
vocabulary to
make sure that
students
understand.
2. Do an example
on the board.
6. Stop the
activity when the
time is up and
have a feedback
session.
Interactive
Non-interactive
Prompter
Participant
Feedback
provider
Elements of Speaking
Practical Application:
Get a half of
the picture,
Do not show
to others,
Describe
your picture
and try to
find the rest
of yours!
Reluctant Students
Plan
Perform
Preparation
Repetition
Grouping (Big or Small)
Mandatory participation
Analyze
Repeat
Conclusion
Rather than leading students to pure