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6-Sigma Program
& Concepts Overview
Project Phases:
Presenters:
P. Pfaff
H. Myrie
K. Barker
Control
Improve
Analyze
Measure
Page 1
Meet Larry.
Larry is a golfer.
His play is,
shall we say,
erratic?
He wants to play
more consistently.
Page 2
Date
Page 3
6/7
6/2
5/27
5/19
5/13
4/27
4/20
4/13
3/23
3/3
2/26
2/24
2/10
2/5
60
1/15
Date
Score
1/15
102
2/5
108
2/10
103
2/24
92
2/26
94
3/3
91
3/23
93
4/13
92
4/20
106
4/27
100
5/13
106
5/19
107
Specification: Larry
between 80 and
5/27wants to shoot
111
100 this season,
average score of 90.
6/2 with a target108
6/7
104
Score
Upper Spec
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
Score
Pp
0.48
Targ
Mean
101.133
%>USL Exp
56.49
PPM>USL Exp
564887
PPU
-0.05
USL
100.000
Mean+3s
121.945
Obs
60.00
Obs
600000
PPL
1.02
LSL
80.000
Mean-3s
80.322
%<LSL Exp
0.12
PPM<LSL Exp
1158
Ppk
-0.05
1.113
6.937
Obs
0.00
Obs
15.000
Cpm
Upper Spec
Cp = 1.88
80.0
82.5
85.0
87.5
90.0
92.5
95.0
97.5
100.0
ShrtTrm
Cp
1.88
Targ
Mean
92.4000
%>USL Exp
0.00
PPM>USL Exp
CPU
1.43
USL
100.00
Mean+3s
97.7191
Obs
0.00
Obs
CPL
2.33
LSL
80.00
Mean-3s
87.0809
%<LSL Exp
0.00
PPM<LSL Exp
Cpk
1.43
0.24
1.7730
Obs
0.00
Obs
5.00
Cpm
Page 4
ZST = 5.64
ZLT = -0.15
ZSHIFT = 5.79
(ZSHIFT = ZST - ZLT)
Control (Zshift)
3.0
Improve
Control
1.5
Goal
Improve
Skills
0
0
3.0
6.0
Technology/Skills (ZST)
This
Thismeans:
means:
Just
Justby
byimproving
improvinghis
hiscontrol,
control,Larry
Larrycan
canachieve
achieveaa5.5
5.5sigma
sigmagame.
game.
IfIfhe
hewants
wantsaa66sigma
sigmagame
gamehe
hewill
willalso
alsohave
haveto
toimprove
improvehis
hisskills.
skills.
Page 5
Count
1000
80
He
Hetakes
takesmore
moreshots
shots
ininhis
short
game
(62.3%).
his short game (62.3%).
500
40
20
Shot Type
Count
Percent
Cum %
0
o rt
Sh
777
62.3
62.3
ng
Lo
470
37.7
100.0
Page 6
100
700
80
Count
600
He
Hetakes
takesmore
moreshots
shots
ininhis
putting
game
(66.9%).
his putting game (66.9%).
500
400
40
300
200
20
100
0
Shot Type
Count
Percent
Cum %
0
Pu
520
66.9
66.9
tts
Ch
pi s
257
33.1
100.0
Page 7
Material
Larry
Putting Score
Environment
Methods
Machine
What
Whatare
arethe
thecauses
causesof
ofvariation
variationininLarrys
LarrysPutting
PuttingGame?
Game?
Page 8
6-Sigma Program
& Concepts Overview
Project Phases:
Presenters:
P. Pfaff
H. Myrie
K. Barker
Control
Improve
Analyze
Measure
Page 9
Material
>Cheat at Counting
> Cant Remember
> Pencil has an eraser
Environment
Larry
>Number of Drinks
> Eye Glasses Prescription Updated
> Properly Rested
Methods
>Putter Type
> Ball Type
> Shoes
> Glove
Putting Score
Machine
What
Whatare
arethe
thecauses
causesof
ofvariation
variationininLarrys
LarrysPutting
PuttingGame?
Game?
Page 10
Yes!!!
Score
120
110
Y = 33.1284 + 1.67546X
100
R-Squared = 0.906
90
35
40
45
Putts
50
The
TheR-Squared
R-Squaredvalue
valuesays
says
that
that90.6%
90.6%ofofthe
thevariation
variation
ininthe
theOverall
OverallScore
Scoreisis
directly
directlyrelated
relatedtotothe
the
putting
puttinggame.
game.
Page 11
90
6/7
6/2
5/27
5/13
4/27
4/20
4/13
3/23
3/3
2/26
2/24
2/10
60
2/5
70
5/19
What
Whatdid
didLarry
Larrydo
do
differently
during
differently during
this
thistime
timeframe?
frame?
80
1/15
S co r e
100
Date
Page 12
P utts
Yes!!!
44
Y=
36.25 + 2X
R-Squared = 0.872
34
Drinks
The
TheR-Squared
R-Squaredvalue
valuesays
says
that
that87.2%
87.2%ofofthe
thevariation
variation
ininPutting
Puttingisisdirectly
directlyrelated
related
totothe
number
of
drinks
the number of drinkshe
hehad.
had.
Page 13
Page 14
6-Sigma Program
& Concepts Overview
Project Phases:
Presenters:
P. Pfaff
H. Myrie
K. Barker
Control
Improve
Analyze
Measure
Page 15
Material
>Cheat at Counting
> Cant Remember
> Pencil has an eraser
>NUMBER OF DRINKS
> Eye Glasses Prescription Updated
> Properly Rested
Environment
Larry
Methods
>Putter Type
> Ball Type
> Shoes
> Glove
Putting Score
Machine
Last
Lasttime
timewe
wedetermined
determineddrinks
drinkswas
wasaasignificant
significantX.
X.
What
Whatother
othersources
sourcesalso
alsodrive
drivethe
thePutting
PuttingScore?
Score?
Page 16
Page 17
Factor
Putter Type
Stance
Grip
Low (-1)
Old Reliable
Closed
Open
High (+1)
Big Bubba
Open
Interlocked
Page 18
Putter Type
Stance
Grip
Old Reliable
Big Bubba
Old Reliable
Big Bubba
Old Reliable
Big Bubba
Old Reliable
Big Bubba
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Interlocked
Interlocked
Interlocked
Interlocked
3
This
Thisis
isaa223DOE,
DOE,which
whichhas
haseight
eightconditions
conditionsto
totest.
test.
Page 19
Run #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Putter Type
Old Reliable
Old Reliable
Big Bubba
Old Reliable
Big Bubba
Big Bubba
Old Reliable
Big Bubba
Stance
Closed
Open
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Open
Closed
Grip
Open
Open
Open
Interlocked
Interlocked
Open
Interlocked
Interlocked
Randomization
Randomizationis
isdone
doneto
todetect
detect
the
theeffect
effectof
ofother
othernon-controlled
non-controlledvariables.
variables.
Page 20
p = .873
p = .037
38
36
36
34
-1
1
-1
-1
Close Stance
34
Open Stance
Open Stance
Close Stance
32
-1
Old Reliable
38
Stance
40
Putter
Type
Big Bubba
40
38
-1
1
Old Reliable
36
34
-1
1
Big Bubba
32
Grip
Stance
Stanceand
andGrip
Gripare
are
significant
significantfactors.
factors.
(Verified
(Verifiedstatistically.)
statistically.)
Open
Interlock
Open
Putter
Type
Big Bubba
Old Reliable
Stance
Open
Close
32
Grip
Interlock
40
p = .026
Putting Score
The
TheClosed
ClosedStance
Stancewith
withthe
the
Interlocked
InterlockedGrip
Gripgives
givesLarry
Larry
the
Lowest
Score!
the
Lowest
Score!
(Verified statistically.)
(Verified statistically.)
Page 21
Page 22
Page 23
Improve
Measure
120
Has Larry
improved?
110
USL
100
90
LSL
80
14-A ug
6-A ug
2 9 - Ju l
4 - Ju l
2 5 - Ju n
1 4 - Ju n
7 - Ju n
27-May
13-May
20-A pr
23-Mar
2 6 - Fe b
1 0 - Fe b
60
1 5 - Ja n
70
Lower Spec
Upper Spec
From
FromImprove:
Improve:
Zlt
Zlt ==4.23
4.23
DPMO
DPMO==820,000
820,000
80.0
82.5
85.0
87.5
90.0
92.5
95.0
97.5
100.0
ImpScore
DPMO
DPMO==12
12
Pp
1.42
Targ
PPU
1.41
USL
PPL
1.43
LSL
Ppk
1.41
0.007
15.000
Cpm
Mean
90.0667
%>USL Exp
0.00
PPM>USL Exp
11
100.000
Mean+3s
97.0992
Obs
0.00
Obs
80.000
Mean-3s
83.0341
%<LSL Exp
0.00
PPM<LSL Exp
2.3442
Obs
0.00
Obs
Page 24
6-Sigma Program
& Concepts Overview
Project Phases:
Presenters:
P. Pfaff
H. Myrie
K. Barker
Control
Improve
Analyze
Measure
Page 25
From
FromImprove:
Improve:
Zlt
Zlt ==4.23
4.23
DPMO
DPMO==820,000
820,000
DPMO
DPMO==12
12
Page 26
Page 27
ke
a
t
Mis
f in
o
o
- pr
Page 29
Risk Assessment
RISK
Team doesnt invite nondrinkers
old Reliable craps out
Cannot use interlocking
grip
Something else goes
wrong in game
Quit golf - no fun without
drinking
Might "find" more drinks
on the course
PROB.
IMPACT
TOTAL
2
1
3
3
6
3
Giving
Givingup
updrinking
drinkingisisaarisk!
risk!
Need
Needan
anAbatement
AbatementPlan
Plan
Page 30
IfIfhe
hedrinks
drinksmoderately,
moderately,
can
canhe
hemaintain
maintainan
animprovement?
improvement?
ScatterPlot/Fitted Line Regression
P utts
54
44
Y=
36.25 + 2X
R-Squared = 0.872
Expected
34
Outcome
0
Drinks
Realistic
Tolerance
The
TheLinear
LinearRegression
Regressionpredicts
predicts
that
1
2
drinks
will
add
that 1 - 2 drinks will addonly
onlyaa
few
fewputts.
putts.
Page 31
LCL = 83.23
Page 32
Score
89
91
88
90
99
91
88
89
90
93
91
Drinks
1
1
1
2
4
2
0
1
2
2
1
Page 33
Control Chart
says Yes!
LCL
Upper Spec
80.0
82.5
85.0
87.5
90.0
92.5
95.0
97.5
100.0
Post
Pp
1.94
Targ
Mean
90.1818
%>USL Exp
0.00
PPM>USL Exp
PPU
1.90
USL
100.000
Mean+3s
95.3464
Obs
0.00
Obs
PPL
1.97
LSL
80.000
Mean-3s
85.0173
%<LSL Exp
0.00
PPM<LSL Exp
Ppk
1.90
0.018
1.7215
Obs
0.00
Obs
11.000
Cpm
Page 34
Glossary of Terms
Page 35