The City Of 7

Islands
Name of
student

Roll No.

1) Mahir
Abdurahiman

32

2) Edwin Sunny

30

3) Hani Asif

31

4) Mishal Abdul
Aziz

33

5) Naazim Kenz

34

6) Mohd. Shamir

35

GROUP 5

7) Fraaz Mohd.

36

About Bombay
Bombay is built on what was once an archipelago
ofseven islands Bombay
island,Parel,Mazagaon,Mahim,Colaba,Worli,
andOld Womans Island(also known asLittle
Colaba). Bombay (now known as Mumbai) is the
current capital and the largest city of Maharashtra.
Bombay is the 8th most populous agglomeration of
the world with a population of 18.4 million (2011).
Mumbai is the most richest city of India. Official
language of Bombay is Marathi.
Bombay has many nicknames:- a) City of seven

Bombay

1) Shift of East India Company

During the 17th century, Bombay was under
Portuguese control. In 1661, Britishs King Charles
II was married to a Portuguese princess Catherine
of Braganza. As dowry Catherines father who was
ruling Bombay gave Bombay to king Charles II.
Therefore, The East India Company shifted its base
from Surat, Gujarat to Bombay. This was one of the
major reason for growth of population in Bombay.

Catherine of

King Charles I

2) Establishment of Textile Mills

Bombay was the major outlet for cotton textiles from Gujarat.
Later, in the 19th century, the city functioned as a port through
which large quantities of raw materials such as cotton and opium
would pass. Soon it became a major industrial centre.
In 1819, Bombay became the capital of the Bombay presidency
after the defeat in Anglo- Maratha war. The city started
proliferating. With the growth of trade in cotton and opium, large
communities of traders, bankers, artisans, etc settled in Bombay.
The establishment of textile mills led to a fresh surge in
migration.

Cotton textile
mill of
Bombay

3) Other
Bombay dominated the maritime trade of India
Reasons
till well into the
20 century. It was also at the
th

junction head of two major railways. The

railways encouraged an even higher scale of
migration into the city. For instance , famine in
the dry regions of Kutch drove large no. of
people into Bombay in 1888- 89 . The flood also
created panic. Therefore large no. of people
migrated to Bombay.

Great Indian
Peninsula Railway
of Bombay

These are the reasons for increase in population

in Bombay.

Housing in Bombay
Bombay was a crowded city. As the population rapidly
increased, housing was a major problem in Bombay .The
administrators had a difficult time providing shelter for
the huge population. There were 20 people ,on an
average, in every house in Bombay. The Bombay fort
area was the heart of the city . The city was divided
into two living areas, The native town of the Indians
and the white section for the Europeans.

Neighbourhood
A European suburb and an industrial zone began to
develop to the north of the fort settlement area. The
southern portion of the city had the cantonment for the
army. The rapid expansion of the city resulted in housing
crisis and water supply. There was a sharp contrast in the
housing pattern in India. The upper caste traders and
the rich people live in spacious bungalows . The working
people lived in the thickly crowded chawls of Bombay .

Chawls

CHAWLS were multistoried structures which were built in the

native parts of the town. These houses were owned by the
private landlord who rented these chawls to migrant workers.
Each chawl was divided into smaller one room tenements
which had no private toilets. Many families could reside at a
time in tenements. 80 % per cent of Bombays total population
resided in chawls . The chawls were not hygenic and as many
people living in a small area they faced a lot of problems .
Water was scarce. It was noisy and not properly ventilated.

More About Chawls

As the chawls were very small streets were used for
cooking, washing and sleeping. Liquor shops and akharas
came up in empty spaces. Streets were used for different
types of leisure activities. Magicians , monkey players
and acrobats used the street to stage their shows.
People of the lower caste were not allowed inside the
chawls. They had to find other areas like corrugated
sheets, leaves or bamboo poles. Chawls also became the
place for exchange of news about jobs, strikes, riots or
demonstrations. People had to beat themselves to fill
their stomach.

Development In Housing
Many steps were taken to improve the conditions of
housing in Bombay. The city of Bombay improvement
Trust established in 1898, focusing on clearing poorer
homes out of the city centre. By 1918, Trust schemes
had deprived 64000 people of their homes. But only
14000 became successful. In 1918, rent act was passed
to keep rents affordable and reasonable, but it had
certain oppositions from the landlords .

Bombay
115 years

Land Reclamation In Bombay

Expansion of the city has always posed a problem in Bombay
because of scarcity of land. Therefore, land reclamation was
necessary for the increasing population. The earliest project began
in 1784 by the Bombay governor William Hornby who approved the
building of the great sea wall to prevent flooding of low-lying areas.
Since then, there have been
several reclamation projects. The need for further land led to the
planning by both govt. and private companies. Private companies
became ready to take more financial risks for reclamation.

projects

In 1864, the Back Bay Reclamation company won the right to

reclaim western foreshore from the tip of Malabar to the end of
Colaba. By 1870s the city expanded about 22 miles. As
population increased every bit, all unused and waste lands were
reclaimed for more space. Even some areas were retrieved from
sea.
A successful reclamation project was undertaken by the
Bombay Port Trust, which built a dry rock between 1914 and
1918 a 22 acre-land was excavated to create a Ballard Estate.
Subsequently, famous Marine Drive of Bombay was developed.

Marine
Drive

India
Bombay is known as The city of Dreams mayapuri. Two significant changes
happened at that time; one led by the producer fraternity and the other led by
exhibitor fraternity; which changed the face of the Indian film industry.
One of the leading production houses called Rajshri Pictures; known for clean
family entertainers produced a gem of movie which tugged at the hearts of a
billion Indians; the film did not feature any star actors; had good production
values, story line, screenplay and music and was an instant hit.
It all began when Harishchandra Sakharam Bhatwadekar shot a scene of a
wrestling match in Bombays Hanging Gardens and it became Indias first
movie(1896). Soon after, Dadasaheb Phalke made Raja Harishchandra (1913).
By 1925, Bombay had become Indias film capital. The amount of money
invested in about 50 Indian films in 1947 was Rs 756 million. By 1987, the film
industry employed 520,000 people.

Movies

Most of the people in the film industry were themselves migrants who
came from cities like Lahore, Calcutta, Madras and contributed to the
national character of the industry. Those who come from Lahore, then
in Punjab, were especially important for the development of the Hindi
film industry . Many famous writers, like Ismat Chughtai and Saadat
Hasan Manto, were associated with Hindi cinema.
Bombay films have contributed in a big way to produce an image of
the city as a blend of dreams and reality, of slums and star
bungalows.Movies was released in only a handful of cinema halls with
good infrastructure; with an offer to release in more cinemas if they
improved their infrastructure sound system, seating and air
conditioning.
Limited release also helped the producers keep control over piracy.
Theatres ensured two things

smat Chughthai

Saadat Hasan

MUMBAI

Bombay was renamed as Mumbai in 1995. Mumbai

is currently one of the developed city in the world.
Its astonishing past resulted in this development.
Mumbai is thefinancial, commercial and
entertainment capital of India. It is also one of the
world's top ten centres of commerce in terms of
global financial flow. Mumbai's culture is a blend of
traditional festivals, food, music, and
theatres.

MUMBAI The City Of Dreams

By Group 5