BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE

Prof Agus Bagiada

BMS team leader

Learning outcomes
1. Define medical and allied sciences
2. Clarify the relationship between
medical competency and the
contribution of medical and allied
sciences, professional skills and
attitude.

Enabling outcomes
1. Be able to knows what is BS
2. Be able to describe that BS is
concerned to integration of a wide
range of subject to understand the
biology of disease.
3. Be able to describe the role of BS
as science of causes, diagnoses and
treatment of disease.

Lecture
Introduction: including enabling
outcomes 1 and 2
The role of BS in supporting to know
the causes, diagnose and treatment
of diseases scientifically
(Anatomi/Histology, Biochemistry,
Physiology and
Farmacy/Pharmacology) (Enabling
outcomes 3)

Learning activities
1. Lecture (presented by one of the team
members)
All lecturers in the team are order to
make an abstract of their lecture (no
more than 2 pages), completed by
essential reference (learning resources),
and learning task, in order to support the
role of each department as the part of BS
team.
2. SGD (Learning task and cases
discussion )
3. Plenary session

Learning task
Case for discussed.
1.

55 years woman visited her family physician , complain

chest pain in left part oh her chest, specially when she
exercised. She is also complain lost her weight more than
8 kg in a month. She eat and drink more than usual. On
laboratory examination found FBS 150 mg%, lipid profile
increase (total cholesterol 240 mg%, LDL chol 200 mg%,
HDL chol 175 mg% and tri glyceride 300 mg% blood
pressure 150/90 mmHg. Her family doctor diagnose as
DM with hypertension and hyperlipidemiea with TIA. Her
doctor treat her with glycasid, for DM, captopril and
statin for hypertention and dislipidemia.

Learning task
1. Where is the normal location of the heart in
our body; heart border; What is heart rate
and heart function.
2. Why does she lost her body weight, while
she eat and drink more than usual.
3. Are the Laboratory finding is normal?. If not
where are the disorder.
4. Are sign and symptom lead you to diagnose
the disease. What it is ?
5.

Introduction
Medical curriculum in Udayana Fac of
Medicine.
1. Traditional C, Depart. Based approach C
(preclinical and clinical years)
Criticized lacking in the skill and
attitude required to practice their
profession.
2. In the response of these challenges
Out come-based C for biomedical
sciences
3. After introduction of National
Competency-Based C for the primary
Care Physician The New integrated
Competency based undergraduate C.

BMS
BMS is concerned with the
integration of a wide range of
subjects to understand the biology of
disease.
Biology in this sense means
predominantly anatomy/histology,
physiology, biochemistry, genetic,
immunology, microbiology,
pharmacology and molecular biology
related to human disease

 More specific knowledge of disease

process comes from the study of
specialized biology : cellular
pathology, clinical biochemistry,
clinical immunology, medical
microbiology, hematology,
transfusion science .
This enables a BM scientist to
understand the science of causes,
diagnosis and treatment of disease.

 Clinical sciences is the science you

need in your private practice to
diagnose and treated and
preventions of patients problem
through history of
disease/anamnesis, and physical
examination.
Its have to be support by BMS and
allied sciences.

Allied sciences
Sciences which is important in
supporting the management of
preventing, diagnosis and treatment
of disease.
Together with BMS and clinical
sciences, physician will manage the
disease holistically and scientifically
Example : communication,
psychological science and other
behavioral sciences.

Characteristic of BMS
The important characteristic of BMS:
1. Always change life long education
2. Tights inter relationship one another
3. Are always in the forefront of modern
science rapidly evolving subject and
highly relevant to investigating and
understanding current controversies.
4. Tight relationship to clinical and allied
sciences on solving medical cases
5. Graduate will have a wide range of
employment.

Advantages of learning BMS

BMS involve a multidisciplinary
approach to the study of human
disease.
Graduates must have knowledge of
how disease develop and how they
affect the normal function of the
human body.
They will have awareness of the
development of new methods for
diagnosis, treatment and prevention
of disease.

Attributes of Graduates
Think creatively and critically.
Able to problem-solve.
Communicate effectively.
Have professional conduct.
Able to work in teams.
Understand how scientific
research is conducted, applied,
and funded.
15

Case study
A forty years old patient attend his family doctor
with complain of reduce body weight in six month
later. She has drinking a lot of water, but also
pass a lot of water. His appetite increase. He is
also complaining about head ache. On the
laboratory examination found, fasting blood sugar
180 mg%, and 300 mg% 2 hours after meal.
Keton bodies of urine increase and HbA-1c = 7.5
His blood pressure 170/100 mmHg.He is also
complain palpitation especially when exercise His
doctor diagnosed him as Diabetic and
hypertension. The doctor cured him with
gliclazide for his diabetic and Captopril for his
hypertension and medicine for her heart.

 Please learned the case by yourself

(independent learning) using
interdisciplinary approach of BMS
Secondly discussed on your SGD.
Use the learning tasks as guide lines
on your discussion. Debate if there
are any difference opinion in solving
the problem.
Finally report the result of your SGD
in plenary session.

1.Here is the normal value of fasting

blood sugar
a. 45 mg%
b. 80 -120 mg% by glucose oxidase
technique.
c. 60 100 mg% by o-Toluidin technique
d. 170 mg%
e. all above are wrong

2. Patient with high blood pressure

(170 mmHg). Its might be cause by,
except:
a. increase of peripheral resistance
b. hypercholesterolemia
c. hyperlipidemia
d. hyperproteinemia
e. all above are right

3.Normal urine volume in 24 hours of

human being is:
a. 400 ml
b. 170 ml
c. 1440 ml
d. 2500 ml
e. More than 2500 ml

4. HbA-1C is
a. Conjugated Hb
b. Oxidize Hb
c. Glicated Hb
d. Reduce Hb
e. Mutated Hb

BIOCHEMICAL VIEW
OF BMS

Biochemical view of BMS

1. Metabolism of CH, Lipid, protein
and xenobiotic
2. Energy production
3. Normal value of body chemistry

Metabolism.
Metabolism is all enzymatic reaction
that occur in the cells
Divided into 2 catagories anabolism
and catabolism
Anabolism is energy required
reaction
Catabolism is energy yielding
reaction

 Metabolism of Carbohydrate
including:
glycolysis
conversion of pyruvate to acetyl COA
Kreb-cycle/TCA cycle
Oxidation phosphorylation
Energy production

 Lipid metabolism
Lipid break to glycerol and fatty acid
Fatty acid beta, alpha and omega
oxidation to produce acetyl-CoA
Kreb cycle Oxidation
phosphoryration energy.
Protein amino acid. (glucogenic,
ketogenic, gluco-ketogenic) Kreb
cycle Oxid phosp energy

Overview of Metabolism
polysaccharides

protein
ADP + Pi
ATP

amino acids

lipids

ADP + Pi
ATP

ADP + Pi
ATP

hexoses
pentoses

ADP + Pi
ADP + Pi
ATP
ATP

fatty acids

ADP + Pi

ADP + Pi

ATP

ATP

pyruvate
urea
urea
cycle

CO2

ADP + Pi

acetyl-CoA

ATP

citric acid
cycle

e-

O2

electron transport
chain
oxidative
phosphorylation

ATP

Energy yielding in
catabolism
Catabolism of C-H, lipids, aa to a
simpler end-product such as CO2,
H2O and amonia is accompanied by
the synthesis of ATP.
ATP is utilized for various cellular
functions such as :

synthesis of protein,RNA,DNA for growth, adaptation and

repair,
synthesis of fat and glycogen,
performance of mechanical work,
active ion transport,
absorptions of nutrients against the gradient.

Eat to Live!

Live to Eat!

EAT TO LIVE

LIVE TO EAT

Intake = Expenditure
Weight Stable

Intake > Expenditure

Obese

Normal value of body biochemistry

Glucose 60-100 mg% (o-toluidin)
Protein
6-8 gr% (A/G ratio 1,2/1)
Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL,
Triglyceride
Urine 24 hours about 1500 cc
Specific gravity 1.003-1030
Total solid in urine last two decimal x
Koeficient Long