ANALISIS dan PERANCANGAN

SISTEM (INFORMASI)

Catur Iswahyudi, S.Kom, S.E

email:catur@akprind.ac.id
Department of Informatics Engineering
Institute of Science and Technology AKPRIND
Yogyakarta

Gambaran Umum

Tujuan :

Agar mahasiswa mengerti dan mampu menggunakan teknik-teknik

serta perangkat untuk analisis, perancangan, dan pemodelan
sistem.

Kompetensi :

Mampu mengimplementasikan Analisis & Perancangan Sistem

menggunakan alat bantu perangkat lunak

Prasyarat :

Sistem Informasi (TIFS 1407)

Penunjang :

Prakt. Analisis & Perancangan Sistem

Tools :

Easy CASE
Microsoft Access
Microsoft Visio
Microsoft Project

MATERI
1. Pendahuluan : Kontrak Pembelajaran, RPP
2. Konsep Dasar Sistem
3. Analisis Sistem
4. Siklus Hidup Sistem
5. Perancangan Sistem Secara Umum
6. Pendekatan Perancangan Terstruktur
7. Pemodelan Sistem (DFD)
8. Flowchart
9. Perancangan Sistem Terinci (Output dan Input)
10.Perancangan Sistem Terinci (Basisdata)
11.Pengujian dan Jaminan Kualitas Sistem
12.Manajemen pengembangan sistem
13.Study Kasus

Kalau diringkas
1. Perencanaan sistem (System Planning)
2. Analisis Sistem (System Analysis)
3. Perancangan Sistem (System Design)
4. Implementasi Sistem (System
Implementation)
5. Pendukung sistem dan Keamanan
(System Support and Security)

PUSTAKA
Kenneth E. Kendall dan Julie E. Kendall, System Analysis
and Design 8th Edition, Pearson Education Ltd, 2011
(printed only)
Gary B. Shelly dan Harry J. Rosenblatt, System Analysis
and Design 8th Edition, Course Technology, 2010 (ebook
available)
Arthur M. Langer, Analysis and Design of Information
Systems 3rd Edition, Springer-Verlag London Limited,
2008 (ebook available)
Jeffrey L. Whitten dan Lonnie D. Bentley, Systems
Analysis and Design Methods 7th Edition, McGraw-Hill
Irwin, 2007 (ebook available)

Penilaian Acuan Patokan

Skor Nilai Akhir :
Dasar :
SK No. 073/Skep/Rek/2008, tanggal 20 Peb 2008

NA = 0,5*Tugas+0,2*UTS+0,2*UAS+0,1*Hadir
A NA = 80 100

B NA = 60 79
C NA = 40 59
D NA = 20 39
E NA = 0 - 19

IS and IT
An information system (IS) is an arrangement of
people, data, processes, and information
technology that interact to collect, process, store,
and provide as output the information needed to
support an organization.
Information technology is a contemporary term
that describes the combination of computer
technology (hardware and software) with
telecommunications technology (data, image, and
voice networks).
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1-8

Systems Development Life

Cycle (SDLC)
Project Planning
System Analysis
System Design
Construction/Implementation
Integration and Testing
Installation
Operation & Maintenance
st i
Te

ng

SDLC Phases

Project Planning

System Analysis

Put project in context

Small part of a much larger system?
New system or modify old?
Define user requirements
Analyze tasks
Develop specifications

System Design - Define the system to be built

Logical design
Physical design

10

SDLC Phases (continued)

Construction

Integration and Testing

Unit testing, system testing, acceptance testing

Installation

Write (or buy) the code

Testing, training, conversion

Operations & Maintenance

Put into production

Fix bugs, add facilities

11

12

Analisis
Sistem

Desain Sistem
Perancangan Konseptual
Penyiapan Spesifikasi
Rancangan

Evaluasi
Alternatif
Rancangan

Penyiapan Laporan
Rancangan Sistem
Konseptual

Perancangan Fisik
Rancangan
Keluaran
dan
Masukan

Rancangan
Platform

Dokumentasi

Rancangan
Antarmuka
Pemakai &
Sistem

Rancangan
Basis data

Rencana Pengujian

Implementasi
Sistem

Operasi dan
Pemeliharaan
13

Rancangan
Modul

Rancangan
Kontrol

Rencana Konversi

Generic Life Cycle Models

The Waterfall Model
Prototyping
Iterative and Incremental Development
The Unified Process Life Cycle

Waterfall Life Cycle

Requirements specification
Functional specification
Acceptance test specifications

System
System
Engineering
Engineering
Requirements
A nalysis
Analy sis

Unit test report

Sub-system test report
System test report
Acceptance test report
Completed system

Design
Design

Construction

Software architecture specification

System test specification
Design specification
Sub-system test specification
Unit test specification
Change requests
Change request report

Testing
Code

Installation
Code

M aintenance
Maintenance

TLC (traditional life cycle) with Iteration

The cost of
this form of
iteration
increases as
the project
progresses
making it
impractical
and not
effective

Problems with TLC

Real projects rarely follow such a simple sequential life
cycle
Lapsed time between systems engineering and the
final installation is long
Iterations are almost inevitable in real projects but are
expensive & problematic with the TLC
Unresponsive to changes during project as iteration is
difficult

Therefore, this model is only appropriate when the

requirements are well-understood

Strengths of TLC
Provide a very structured way to system
development
Tasks in phases may be assigned to
specialized teams.
Project progress evaluated at the end of each
phase, and assessment made as to whether
the project should proceed

Prototyping Life Cycle

Not intended to deliver the final working system
Quickly built up to explore some aspects of the system
May be used as part of other iterative life cycle
Initial
analys is

Define
objectives

Specify

Prototyping
com pleted

Evaluate

Cons truct

Prototyping Advantages
Early demonstrations of system functionality help
identify any misunderstandings between developer
and client
Client requirements that have been missed are
identified
Difficulties in the interface can be identified
The feasibility and usefulness of the system can be
tested, even though, by its very nature, the prototype
is incomplete

Prototyping Problems:
The client may perceive the prototype as part
of the final system
The prototype may divert attention from
functional to solely interface issues
Prototyping requires significant user
involvement
Managing the prototyping life cycle requires
careful decision making

Incremental Development
Initial
requirements
gathering and
project planning

Planning

Risk analysis

Risk analysis
based on user
reaction to plan

Further planning
based on user
comments

User
evaluation
of
increments

Risk analysis
based on initial
requirements

Go, no-go decision

Risk assessment
Progress towards
final system

User evaluation

Software development

Develop first
increment
Develop next
increment

The Spiral Model (Boehm, 1988)

Incremental Development
Iterative problem solving: repeats activities, each can be
viewed as a mini-project
Incremental delivery, either external or internal release
New release = new functionality + (improved) previous
release
Several approaches to structuring iterations
Define and implement the key system functions
Focus on one subsystem at a time
Define by complexity or risk of certain components

Unified Process Life Cycle

The Unified Process System Development Life Cycle

Unified Process Life Cycle

Unified Process Life Cycle

Captures many elements of best practice
The phases are:
Inception is concerned with determining the scope
and purpose of the project;
Elaboration focuses requirements capture and
determining the structure of the system;
Construction's main aim is to build the software
system;
Transition deals with product installation and rollout.

Choose Appropriate Life Cycle

TCL is highly predictive
Prototyping, Spiral and UP life cycle models are highly
adaptive

Predictive versus adaptive approaches to the SDLC

Problem Biaya
(Kasus Gunung Es)

28

Distribusi Usaha
Pengembangan Sistem

29

Problem Kesalahpahaman

30

System Designers and System Builders

System designer a technical specialist who
translates system users business requirements and
constraints into technical solution. She or he
designs the computer databases, inputs, outputs,
screens, networks, and software that will meet the
system users requirements.
System builders a technical specialist who
constructs information systems and components
based on the design specifications generated by
the system designers.
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Systems Analysts
Systems analyst a specialist who studies
the problems and needs of an organization to
determine how people, data, processes, and
information technology can best accomplish
improvements for the business.
A programmer/analyst includes the
responsibilities of both the computer
programmer and the systems analyst.
A business analyst focuses on only the
non-technical aspects of systems analysis
and design.
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Where Do Systems Analysts Work?

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Skills Needed by
the Systems Analyst
Working knowledge of information technology
Computer programming experience and
expertise
General business knowledge
General problem-solving skills
Good interpersonal communication skills
Good interpersonal relations skills
Flexibility and adaptability
Character and ethics
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The Systems Analyst as a Facilitator

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Ringkasan
Metode Pengembangan Sistem
Case tools

Metode
Pengemban
gan Sistem

Structured Analysis

Object Oriented Analysis

Agile Methods

agile=lincah, quick, easy

CASE tools

UML-Unified Modelling Language

IBMS-Information Base Modelling System
IDE-Integrated Development Tools
Individual tools

Modelling tools
Documentation tools
Engineering tools
Construction tols (apps gen, screen gen,
report gen)

Contoh
Visible Analyst Visible system
System Architect Telelogic IBM
company
Rational Software - IBM