Teori Pembelajaran

4 Mazhab Utama

Behavioris Kognitif Sosial Humanis

Pavlov Gagne Bandura. Rogers

Thorndike Bruner
Skinner
Ausubel
BACKGROUND
While employed at Stanford, Bandura met the
renowned psychologist Robert Sears who was
exploring the familial antecedents of social
behavior and learning and aggression in
collaboration with Richard Walters.
This research led to a program of laboratory
research into observational learning. This led
Bandura to write his first book, entitled Adolescent
Aggression.

(Albert Bandura, Minot State University, n.d.)

 Proses Pembelajaran Pemerhatian/Pemodelan

Proses
Proses 11 Proses
Proses 22 Proses
Proses 33 Proses
Proses 44

Perhatian Peneguhan/
Mengingat Reproduksi
Motivasi

• Pemerhati harus berupaya mengekalkan

• Pembelajaran hanya berlaku jika
• Pemerhati tingkah laku yang diperhatikan dalam ingata
harus berupaya • Peniruan berlaku sekiran
ada tumpuan perhatian • Dengan
mengekalkan tingkah laku yang menggunakan bahasa dan imaginas
mendatangkan kepuasan
•Pemerhati harus berupaya
• Faktor :
diperhatikan dalam ingatan. melakukan semu
peneguhan positif /ganja
• Ciri model – umur, •jantina, status tingkah
Dengan menggunakan bahasa laku yang ditirunya.
• Tidak melakukan sekiran
dan hubungan dgn pemerhati. • Kecekapan ini bergantung kepada keupayaa
dan imaginasi. didenda atau ditegur.
• Kegunaan dan faedah fizikal dan kemahiran tiruan motor pemerhati
 Social Cognition
Bandura proposed two factors as the major components
of relatively permanent change:
• Context
• Beliefs
Bandura also develop triadic reciprocality model
of social and person causes.
 The Bobo Doll Study
 The children were shown three
different endings to the video.
 The video first showed that the
adults were praised for their
aggressive behavior.
 The second group the adult was
told to sit in a corner.
 The third group showed the adult
walk out of the room.
 While controversial, Bandura
maintained that his experiment
demonstrated that children are
influenced by witnessing or
modeling of aggression in
others.
(Albert Bandura: Biographical Sketch, n.d.)
“Self-efficacy is a person’s belief in their ability to produce desired results by their
own actions.”

Successful people usually have high self-efficacy.