Elevator..

Presented by..
1. Bidrohi Bhattacharya
2. Samit Kumar Bhoumik
3. Sankha Majumdar

Types of Elevators
Hydraulic Elevator

Traction Elevator

Traction Elevators
The Cabin is fastened by a rope

system driven by the traction

machine. The Cabin is balanced by
the counterweight.
As the Cabin goes up the counter
weight goes down and vice versa.
The counter weight is much heavier
than empty cabin.

Traction Elevator..
The purpose of the counter weight system
is to keep the total system energy constant.
The SHEAVE over which the rope moves is
driven by the Geared or Gearless Motor.
The Motor has to overcome only the
frictional force as the most of the weight is
balanced by the counter weight.

Traction Elevator..
The cabin and the counter weight are
supported against horizontal forward
or backward movement by a pair of
rails on both sides.
The balancing makes the lift so
energy efficient that it may even be
drive by battery supply.

Types of Traction Elevators

( Depending upon position of Machine Room)

1. Machine Room Elevator i.e. has an

external room to accommodate the

traction machine ( normally above
the lift shaft).
2. Machine Room Less Elevator i.e. no
external room is needed. In General
Permanent Magnet Machine is used
here.

Home Elevator.
It may be a traction elevator or

hydraulic elevator but operates on

single phase supply.
It is capable of operating in small rise
and for small capacity.

Hydraulic Elevator
Here the cabin is connected to a

hydraulic ram which moves the cabin.

The hydraulic ram consists of a fluid
driven piston mounted inside a cylinder.
The cylinder is powered by the fluid
controlled by a pump, valve.
The fluid is a typical one called the
Hydraulic Elevator fluid.

Hydraulic Elevator.
The fluid from the tank is pumped by the

pump mechanism and the valve opens. So

the pressurized fluid thrusts the cylinder
up. At the destination the valve closes,
keeps the pressure and the cabin stops.
During descending of cabin the valve
opens and the fluid comes back to the
tank. So no pumping action is needed as
the cabin descends.

Hydraulic Elevator..
The valve is controlled by the

solenoid switch.
The controller controls the solenoid
switches.
The system as it appears is incredibly
simple but do have some draw
backs.

Advantages &
Disadvantages
Advantages:
Low initial cost
Space and pressure
efficient
Smooth operation.

Fluid is

compressible.

Disadvantages:
High running cost
Rise cannot be
beyond 25 meters.
High speed version
is not possible.
Leakage and heat
production makes it
tougher to maintain.