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Documenti di Professioni
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HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
Presented By:
B.SOCRETES B.E, B.Tech, M.E M.Tech
Objectives:
To highlight:
Safety measures in healthcare facilities
Introduction
Most of the equipment used in healthcare facilities are
electrically operated, such as:
ECG machine,
bedside monitor,
anesthesia machine,
ventilators,
catheter machine,
suction machine ,
laboratory equipment,
radiology equipment (X-ray, C.T Scan, ultrasound,
mammography etc) ,
incubators, infant warmer etc.
AC-1: Perception
AC-2 :Involuntary muscular contractions
AC-3: Difficulty in breathing
AC-4: Serious Pathophysiological effects
about 5%
It is seen that the real danger lies in zones AC-3 ( between curves B and
C1) and AC-4 ( located to the right of curve C1)
According to the gravity of the Electric Shock and its duration, a person
may experience:
Discomfort,
muscular contraction ,
a cardiac arrest (electrocution) .
Indirect contact
IMPORTANT
MEASURES
Selection of correct power supply system
TN-S System
IT System
equipment
devices with a connected load > 5 KW
room lighting (not theatre)
operating theatre table
IT SYSTEM
A touch voltage of
10 mV can be
sufficient to
trigger ventricular
fibrillation.
NFPA / UL requirement.
The LIM monitors the impedance of the conductors to earth and measures
the fault current in milli-Amp.The red LED alarm lights up and sounds an
audible warning signal as soon as the prospective fault current reaches the
threshold of 5 mA (2 mA in Canada).
IEC
NFPA
IEC
The A-Isometer is continuously
measuring the insulationresistance of an unearthed AC- or
DC-Network and will trigger a
visible and audible alarm at a
preset threshold value. It will
display the amount of insulationresistance in Ohm. It also monitors
the load- current and the
transformer-temperature.
Earth fault location is optional to
identify a faulty branch circuit.
NFPA
The Line Insulation Monitor
(LIM) is continuously
monitoring the leakage
impedance in an
ungrounded AC-Network.
Based on this information
the maximum Total Hazard
Current (THC) is calculated
and displayed. The LIM will
trigger a visible and
audible alarm at a preset
threshold (2 or 5 mA).
Monitoring of load and
transformer-temperature is
optional.
Transformer
Line Isolation
Monitor (LIM)
Circuit Protection
2-Pole breakers
Equipotential
Grounding System
IEC Standards
Code
in medical Applications
IEC 60364-4-41 Protection for Safety and NFPA 70B Practice for Electrical
Equipment Maintenance
against Electrical Shock
IEC 60364-5-54 Earthing Arrangements NFPA 70E Electrical Safety in the
Workplace
IEC 60479-1
Effect of current on human
NFPA 99
Health Care Facilities
beings / livestock
UL 1022
Standard for Safety Line
Isolation Monitors
CSA Z32.2 Electrical Safety and
Essential Electrical
Systems in Health Care
Facilities
NEC Article 516
Hazardous
location
UL 1047
Isolated Power Systems
Equipment
Utility Power
Emergency Generator / UPS Power
Whatever be
the circumstances ,
the electrical
installations
of the Hospitals must
help to
Improve
hospital
personn
el
efficienc
y
Ensure
patient
safety
Guarantee
electrical
service
continuity
environment
ELECTROSTATIC HAZARD IN
ANESTHETIZING LOCATIONS
CONCLUSION:
The highest degree of safety
for the patients, doctors and
staff can be achieved when
the recommendations of
various standards and
regulations are practically
applied in healthcare facilities
and the medical staff are well
trained in using electrical
THANK YOU
QUESTIONS?