TRIBHUWAN UNIVERSITY

KATHMANDU ENGINEERING COLLEGE

KALIMATI, KATHMANDU

SEISMIC RESISTANT DESIGN OF RCC FRAMED COMMERCIAL BUILDING

PREPARED BY:
SHREEJAL UPRETY
BCE 68102
SONIK PRADHAN
BCE 68104
SUDEEN SHRESTHA
BCE 68106
SUJAN BIKRAM SHAHI BCE 68108
UMESH RAI
BCE 68119
YADAV RANA
BCE 68121

SUBMITTED TO:
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING
KATHMANDU ENGINEERING
COLLEGE

INTRODUCTION
RCC FRAMED MULTIPURPOSE BUILDING:
Essential
Proper

due to limitation of availability of land in urbanized areas.

earthquake consideration essential in case of Kathmandu valley

(as it falls under zone V most severe one).

OBJECTIVES
Structural
Build
Resist

analysis and design of various members using Limit State Method.

structurally seismic safe building.

all predictable forces throughout its life, so that the building does not

become unserviceable prior to its life.

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Application

of course of study in real field basically on structural analysis and

design of R.C.C. structures by limit state method of design.
Application

of various tools and software for designing seismic resistant

structure.
Detail

design of cost effective and safe structural member such as slab,

column, staircase, footing etc.
Application

of course of study in real field basically on structural analysis and

design of R.C.C. structures by limit state method of design.

DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED BUILDING

Building

Type:

Multistoried RCC Framed Commercial Building

Structure

System:

RCC framed structure

Plinth Area:

819.504 sq. m

No.

of Storey:

Method

of Analysis:

Limit State Method of Design

METHODOLOGY

Finding Architectural Drawing

Preliminary Design

Load Calculation

Dead load and live load

as per IS:875 (PART I AND PART II)-1987

reference, respectively.

Unit weight of RCC= 25KN/m3

METHODOLOGY

Live load=4 KN/m2 for all floors.

Seismic load as per IS:1893-1984 for seismic coefficient method

Seismic load and base shear calculation

Analysis of framed structure using ETABS 15

Detailed design of framed structure and footing

Detailing

PRELIMINARY DESIGN

OBJECTIVE:

Estimation of approximate size of structural members.

Basis for seismic load calculation.

Detail structural analysis using ETABS 15

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
MAIN BEAM:
Effective

depth of beam such that d = L/26

Reinforcement=

25mm

Effective

Cover=25mm

Adopted

D= 500mm

Width

(B) =300mm

Adopted

size of main beam 300*500 mm.

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
COLUMN DESIGN:
Total

factored load: 4188.9286 KN

Grade

of concrete: M25 and Grade of Steel : Fe415

Taking
Size
Pu

2.5% of tensile strength.

of column is calculated using this formula:

=0.4*fck*Ac + 0.67fyAs

Size

of column adopted: 600 mm * 600 mm

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
SLAB:
Clear

cover=15 mm

Reinforcement=
Effective
Lex

shorter span of slab

= 5.1m

Taking
d=

10 mm

(Lex / d)= 35 to 40 = 40

127.5 mm

Effective

depth d=147.5 mm

Adopted

depth D=150 mm

SEISMIC LOAD AND BASE SHEAR CALCULATION

Zone factor (Z): 0.36 (for zone V )

Importance factor (I): 1.5

Response Reduction factor (R): 5(for special RC moment resisting frame)

Natural time period (T) = 0.075 * h0.75 = 0.884 sec

Sa / g is using IS 1893:2002

Ah= (Z*I*Sa/g)/(2R)

Total weight = 76879.596 KN

Base Shear = Ah *total weight

Calculated Base Shear = 6393.307 KN

CALCULATION OF SEISMIC LOAD

LUMPED MASS:

Defined as per IS 1893( PART 1):2002 CLAUSE 3.29.

Seismic weight of building

Total Dead load plus appropriate amounts of specified imposed load ( as

per IS 1893-1984, CLAUSE 4.1.)

Imposed load acting on the structure is reduced to 50% as per IS: 1893
1984 CLAUSE 4.1.1

Required for base shear computation.

STOREY SHEAR OF EACH STOREY

Weight(w)

Height(h)

wh2

Qi

Cum

6258.345

26.822

4502511.037

1412.463

1412.463

10088.750

23.470

5557106.766

1743.295

3155.758

10088.750

20.117

4082772.318

1280.788

4436.547

10088.750

16.764

2835258.554

889.436

5325.983

10088.750

13.411

1814565.475

569.239

5895.223

10088.750

10.058

1020693.079

320.197

6215.420

10088.750

6.706

453641.369

142.310

6357.730

10088.750

3.353

113410.342

35.577

6393.307

20379958.939

6393.307

ETABS 15 MODELLING

DETAIL DESIGN OF SLAB

May be one way, two way or cantilever slab.

Overall depth of slab =150 mm as per preliminary design.

Design of two way slab (ly/lx 2):

Bending moment coefficients from IS 456 : 2000 from Table 26

Moment per unit width:

Mx =x * w * lx2
My =y * w * lx2

DETAIL DESIGN OF SLAB

Max. Moment = 15.73 KN-m (For lower basement , interior panel )

Thickness of slab using Fe 415 was checked using equation:

D= ((Mmax)/(0.138*fck*b))^0.5 d = 67.46 mm <150 mm(adopted)

Min. area of reinforcement = 180 mm2 Steel required along short span and
long span at both support and mid span was determined using the
equation:

B.M.=0.87*fy*Ast*(d-fy*Ast/fck*b)

DETAIL DESIGN OF SLAB

Area of steel along short and long span:

Ast,y+

= 279.112 mm2

Ast.X+=279.11 mm2

Provided: 8mm @210 mm c/c along x-axis

Section was checked.

For minimum reinforcement as per IS 456:2000 CLAUSE 26.5.2.1.

For maximum spacing as per is 456:2000 clause 26.3.3.B.1

DETAIL DESIGN OF SLAB

For shear: c,max >c' > v condition was checked; IS 456:2000 CLAUSE
40 was used for determining each values.

Check for deflection: as per is 456:2000 clause 23.2.

Check for development length: as per is 456:2000 clause 26.2.3.3.

Torsional reinforcement: as per is 456:2000 annex d (d-1.8).

DETAILED DESIGN OF SLAB

DETAIL DESIGN OF BEAM

Based on the output obtained from ETABS 15 (i.e. torsion, shear force
and bending moment)

Equivalent Shear (+ve), Ve+ = (Vmax+ + 1.6(Tmax+ / b) )

Equivalent (+ve) Torsion Moment , Mt = Tmax+ ((1 + D / b )/1.7 )

If Mu < Mulim; it is singly reinforced and if Mu > Mulim; it is doubly. Mulim

for different grade steel was determined using:
Mulim = 0.138fck bd2 (from table C of SP16).

Design done for x-x and y-y direction of each floor beam.

DETAIL DESIGN OF BEAM

For singly, reinforcement required was computed using relation:

B.M.= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-fy*Ast/fck*b).

For doubly, two sets of reinforcement was determined for tension

reinforcement.

Mlim = 0.87*fy*Ast1*(d-0.42xm); For xm , Table B of SP16 was referred.

Mu- Mulim = 0.87*fy*Ast2*(d-0.42d). Steel in compression in doubly was

determined using:

Mu- Mulim = (fsc-fcc)*Asc*(d-d); fsc is determined using table F of SP16,

fcc =0.446fck

DETAIL DESIGN OF BEAM

The section so designed was checked for minimum reinforcement and

maximum reinforcement as per IS 456:2000 clause 26.5.1.

At least 2 nos. Reinforcement was made run through out beam for ductility.

Check for development length as per IS 456:2000 clause 26.2.3.3.

DETAIL DESIGN OF BEAM

Check for shear reinforcement:

As

per IS 456:2000 clause 40.

Minimum

shear reinforcement as per IS 456:2000 clause 26.5.1.6.

Maximum

spacing as per IS 456:2000 clause 26.5.1.5 (0.75d or 300 mm).

For

ductility, maximum spacing of stirrup is d/4 or 8 over 2d at either

end.
Check

for deflection as per IS 456:2000 clause 23.2.1.

DETAILED DESIGN OF BEAM

Section
Member

Steel
Reinforcement

Area

Position

Required

Position

Bars

Area
Provided

Provided
Ar (mm2)

Ap (mm2)

Top

2754.983

625

2945.250

Bottom

2246.352

525

2454.375

Top

1377.491

325

1472.625

Bottom

1123.176

325

1472.625

Top

2553.232

625

2945.250

Bottom

2286.409

525

2454.375

Left-end

1B37

Mid-span

Right-end

DETAILED DESIGN OF BEAM

Section
Member

Steel
Reinforcement

Area

Position

Required

Position

Bars

Area
Provided

Provided
Ar (mm2)

Ap (mm2)

Top

2580.061

625

2945.250

Bottom

2134.903

525

2454.375

Top

1290.031

325

1472.625

Bottom

1067.452

325

1472.625

Top

2485.868

625

2945.250

Bottom

2227.545

525

2454.375

Left-end

1B41

Mid-span

Right-end

DETAILED DESIGN OF COLUMN

Based on output of ETABS 15

Check short/ slender column as per IS 456:2000 CLAUSE 25.1.2.

Type of column: Short column

Loading case: Axial load and biaxial bending.

For design of short column and biaxial bending CLAUSE 3.3 OF SP16 was
followed.

Out of combination of loads maximum value was taken for axial load
consideration and for moment.

DETAILED DESIGN OF COLUMN CONTINUED..

Since our project consist of only short column following design steps were
followed:
Determination of emin As Per IS 456:2000 Clause 25.4.
The largest moment due to worst combination or due to emin was thus taken
for design.
Trial percentage of steel which satisfied for largest moment between X and
Y-direction is taken initially.
With the help of interaction diagrams from sp16 for different reinforcement
distribution, d/d, P/fck and Pu/fck value of Mu/fckbd was determined and
clause 39.6 of is 456:2000 was checked.

DETAILED DESIGN OF COLUMN CONTINUED..

Revision was done in case the condition was not satisfied.

For column(C13):

Axial load (Pu) = 3068.4073 KN

Mx = 378.9157 KN-m

My = 345.1089 KN-m

Area of steel required = 7200 mm2

12-28 mm dia. of bars are provided. And 8 mm dia. of transverse

reinforcement are provided @ 300 mm c/c spacing. 8 mm dia. of confining
bars are provided @ 100 mm c/c spacing.

DETAILED DESIGN OF COLUMN

CONTD

DETAIL DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

Type of foundation: Raft Foundation
Bearing capacity of soil: 180 KN/m2
Based on output of ETABS15
Calculation of C.G of loading area
Calculation of eccentricity
ex=-0.011 m & ey=0.362 m

DETAIL DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

Calculation of moment due to eccentricity:
Mx = 48592.260 KN-m
My = -1457.393 KN-m
Ix = 38658.421 m4

Iy = 113924.220 m4

Calculation of moment of inertia

Formula for soil pressure calculation:

DETAIL DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

From calculation, critical column was found to be in corner side.

Maximum moment (in X-direction) = W*l2/10 = 413.210 KN-m

Maximum moment (in Y-direction) = W*l2/10 = 704.660 KN-m

Tv = 1.239 N/mm2 < Tc = 1.250 N/mm2

DETAIL DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

For Two Way

Shear,

Adopted Overall Depth (D) = 810 mm

Provide 20mm @ 190mm c/c spacing along long direction and

20mm @110mm c/c along short direction, both at top and bottom

DETAILING OF MAT FOUNDATION

DETAILED DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

Type of Staircase: Open Well Staircase

Total number of risers

Total number of tread

Size of tread

= 240 mm.

Size of riser

= 190 mm.

Floor to floor height

= 9 nos.
= 8 nos.

= 3.3528 m.

DETAILED DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

Assume overall depth of waist slab = 200 mm.

Stair case consists of two landing slabs and two flight.

Effective span considered as per IS 456:2000 clause 33.1.

Loading however was considered through out the length of staircase.

Dead load as per IS 875(part 1)-1987.

Live load as per IS 875(part 2)-5 KN/m2

DETAILED DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

Maximum bending moment over flight was calculated at place where

shear force = 0.

Thickness check, reinforcement check and other limit state.

Mulim = 0.138fck bd2 (from table C of SP16).

d = 127.758 mm

D = 160 mm

DETAILED DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

B.M.= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-fy*Ast/fck*b).
Astrequired

= 1735.307 mm2

check was done similar to slab design.

Provide 16mm main bar @150 mm c/c for BC

Provide 8 mm bars @250 mm c/c for temperature reinforcement

DETAILED DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

RESULT
SLAB:

Clear Cover = 15 mm

Diameter of bar = 8 mm

Overall slab depth (D) =150 mm

RESULT
BEAM:

Size of Main Beam = 300 mm * 500 mm

Grade of Concrete, fck = 25N/mm2

Diameter of bar = 25 mm

Effective depth = 470 mm

Clear cover = 30 mm

RESULT
COLUMN:

No. of columns = 45

Size of column = 600 mm * 600 mm

Longitudinal, transverse and confining bars are

provided

RESULT
FOUNDATION:

Bearing capacity of soil (factored) = 180 KN/m2

Diameter of bar = 20 mm

Clear cover = 50 mm

Overall depth of foundation (D) = 810 mm

RESULT
STAIRCASE:

Height of riser = 190 mm

Width of tread = 240mm

Total no. of riser = 9

Total no. of tread =8

CONCLUSION

The purpose of this project, was purely academic oriented, we have

made every effort to make it feasible for the real construction.

Structural analysis and design of eight storied building was done.

From this project work, we gained the opportunity to acquire

knowledge of using professional software called ETABS 15 for the
analysis and design of the structure.

CONCLUSION

This project work also enables us to use different design codes

whenever required in the design procedure.

This project work has provided the opportunity to learn the theory of
ductile detailing, which is one of the significant part of seismic
structural design.

After completion of this project work, our team member individually

could design the similar type of structure an structural elements.

THANK YOU..