VOLTAGE STABILITY

BASED DG PLACEMENT IN
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
By
M.S.V.Phanikumar
Under the guidance of
Prof .Dr. P.Kantharao Ph.D
S.R.K.R Engineering college

CONTENTS

Introduction
Problem
Methods available in the literature
Placement of DG
Various techniques used for the placement of DG
Various parameters used to evaluate the system performance
Work proposal
References

INTRODUCTION

After electric power is generated, it is sent through the

transmission lines to the many distribution circuits that the
utility operates.

The purpose of the distribution system is to take that power

from the transmission system and deliver it to the consumers
to serve their needs.

However, a significant portion of the power that a utility

generates is lost in the distribution process.

These losses typically account for approximately four per

cent of the total system load.

INTRODUCTION

As power systems are operated under increasingly

stressed conditions, the ability to maintain voltage
stability becomes a growing concern.

In planning and operating power systems. The analysis

of voltage stability for a given system state involves the
examination of two aspects.
a) Proximity : how close is the system to voltage instability.
b) Mechanism: when voltage instability occurs, what are
the key contributing factors, what are the voltage-weak
points, and what areas are involved.

Voltage stability:
Voltage stability refer to the ability of power system
to maintain steady voltages at all buses in the system after
being subjected to a disturbance from a given initial
operating point.

Voltage instability:
The system state enters the voltage instability region
when a disturbance or an increase in load demand results in
an uncontrollable and continuous drop in system voltage.

Voltage collapse:
It is the process, by which, the sequence of events
following voltage instability leads to abnormally low
voltages or even a black out in a large part of the system.

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
Problem identification:

Voltage collapses usually occur on power system which

are heavily loaded that do not have sufficient local
reactive power sources . Consequently cannot provide
secure voltage profile for the system.

METHODS AVAILABLE IN THE

LITERATURE
The various methods used for the improvement of voltage
profile and loss reductions are

Network reconfiguration
Improvement of voltage profile through distributed
generation in power system network
Voltage profile improvement using various semi
conductor devices etc.

DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

Distributed generation (DG) refers to power generation at the

point of consumption.

A generator location affects the system voltage stability, it is

important to identify the most effective buses to install a DG.

Increase in the share of DGs in low-voltage (LV) distribution

systems to improve voltage stability

VARIOUS METHODS USED IN THE PLACEMENT OF A DG

Classical approach
Second-order algorithm method
The Meta-heuristics approaches
Genetic algorithm and Hereford Ranch algorithm
Fuzzy-GA method
Tabu search
Particle swarm optimization(PSO)
Modal Analysis and Continuous Power-Flow
Methodology etc

MODAL ANALYSIS AND CONTINUOUS POWER FLOW

A modal analysis, as a static approach, can discover the

instability characteristics

considering
the reduced Jacobian matrix is obtained as

MODAL ANALYSIS AND CONTINUOUS POWER

FLOW

Thus for i th mode

If
If

indicating voltage stability of the system

refers to instability of the system.

Participation factors determine the most critical areas

which lead the system to instability.

MODAL ANALYSIS AND

CONTINUOUS POWER FLOW

Considering a loading scenario, a continuous power flow

uses a successive solution to compute the voltage profile
up to a collapse point or VSM.

The VSM is known as the distance from an operating

point to a voltage collapse point.

The weak bus is considered as the optimal location of the

DG. The voltage profile and the critical loading are
observed after the placement of DG at the weak bus

EVALUATION OF PARAMETERS
AFTER THE PLACEMENT OF DG

WORK PROPOSAL

A voltage-stability-based algorithm for DG

placement in distribution networks is to be
presented.
Modal analysis and CPF are to be used for
determining DG placement candidates, while the
loading parameter is the comparison index for
selecting the best DG places.

REFERENCES
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Thank you