C.

Process Approach

 defines as a teaching in which knowledge

is used as a means to develop students
learning skills.
it originated from and used to be a
monopoly of science instruction.
today, it is identified primarily with skilloriented subjects like practical arts, home
economics, and even with knowledged
laden subjects like social studies.
Ex. If
should
great deal
aspects of

they are to learn cooking, they

actually cook rather than devote a
of their time on the theoretical
cooking

Three major points ( Essence of the

Process Approach)
1.Emphasis on process approach implies a
corresponding deemphasis on the subject
content.
2.It centers upon the idea that what is taught
to chikdren should be functional and not
theoretical.
3. It introduces the consideration of
human
intellectual development.

ADVANTAGES:
Teaching a man how to catch a fish is
much better than giving him fish every
time he needs it this is the adage
recognized by process approach.
By developing the skills of the students,
the teacher is preparing him to be
independent, self-sufficient, and
productive person. This gives
substance to education as a process of
preparing one for his own life.

I. Social
Studies
a. Thinking Skills
- observing, describing, developing
concepts, differentiating, defining,
hypothesizing, comparing and
contrasting, generalizing, predicting,
explaining and offering alternatives.
b. Academic Skills
Reading, viewing, listening, outlining,
note-taking, caption-writing, making
charts, reading and interpreting maps,
diagramming, tabulating, constructing
timeliness and asking relevant questions

c. Social Skills
-Planning with others, participating in research projects,
participating productively in group discussion,
responding courteously to the questions of others,
leading group discussion, acting responsibly and helping
others.

II. Science
a.Basic Skills
-Observing, classifying, using numbers, measuring, using
space time relationship, communicating, predicting
and inferring.
b. Integral Skills
- Defining operationally, formulating
hypotheses, interpreting data, controlling
variables
and experimenting

III. Language (English, Filipino)

a. Speaking Proper pronunciation and enunciation,
good diction. Voice modulation, quality, pitch, and
timbre, etc.
b. Listening Concentrating, deciphering ideas,
analysing and interpreting, getting the main
thought, etc.
c. Reading Speed and comprehension, reading
between lines, sequencing, comparing and
contrasting, drawing out the main idea or the moral
lesson, interpreting a selection,
generalizing,
etc.
d. Writing Jotting down important notes,
outlining, summarizing, mastering the mechanics
of writing like
spelling, use of punctuation
marks, and use of small
and capital

IV. Mathematics
a.Basic Skills Placing numbers in columns,
mastering the four fundamental processes, getting
the percentage, finding the least common
denominator, changing fractions to decimals and
vice-versa.
a.Complex Skills Getting the square root,
computing mean, median, and standard deviation,
solving one step problem and two or three-step
problems, etc.

V. Physical Education
a. Gymnastics developing coordination and vigor,
practicing alertness, quickness to respond, poise,
and grace, exercising muscular strength,
maintaining normal functioning of the organic
system of the body, etc.
b. Organized Games and Relay Skills Cultivating a
general ball sense for application in team games,
practicing throwing, catching, bouncing and aiming
the ball, participating in lead-up activities that will
increase interest and ability to play games, etc.

c. Rhythmic Skills- Mastering some fundamental

dance steps, demonstrating skills in various
rhythmic skills, etc.
d. Body Mechanics acquiring a good body posture
in different positions, (sitting, walking, standing,
running, kneeling, lying, etc.)
e. Locomotor Skills Demonstrating the ability to
move from one place to another with the greatest
degree of safety and
speed, exercising to develop
body coordination, agility
and timing, etc.

D. Inquiry Approach

 The inquiry approach is the search for truth,

information or knowledge. It pertains to research
and investigation and to seeking for information
by asking questions (Kilnkmann, 1970)
The inquiry approach is also a search for the
solution to a problem through an exploration and
evaluation of alternatives (Suchman, 1964)

CHARACTERISTICS:
It views a given discipline as an attitude than
as a body of knowledge or as a method.

It emphasizes the affective aspects of

learning.

 It uses both the content and processes as means

toward the development of the qualities of the
mind as curiosity, scepticism, intellectual honesty
and others.
Its primary aim is the development of a desirable
attitude including proper appreciation and valuing.
It can either be inductive or deductive.
Deductive if the teacher in the beginning
provides the
students with background
information which will serve
as the subject of
the inquiry.
Inductive when through a set of questions
presented,
the students are able to come up
with certain ideas of their own which are open for
further investigation.

 In using this approach, the questions should

proceed from the very factual to thoughtprovoking questions that is from the what
questions to the how and why questions.
More opportunities should be provided to students
to respond to questions that call for analysis,
interpretation, evaluation and judgement.
the inquiry approach simply calls for the use of
systematic method of studying a problem so that
solutions therefore be equally prepared and
implemented.

ADVANTAGES:
1.It requires them to go beyond the knowledge and
skill levels of the learning toward the affective
dimensions like their attitudes, values, appreciations
and the like.
2.They are expected to become more analytical and
less gullible.
3.When students have adopted the spirit of inquiry,
they become more curious and observant
individuals.

Thank you!