UNIT-III

Metal Matrix Composites

Lecture-4

08/19/15

Metal Matrix Composites

Characteristics of MMCs, Various types of Metal matrix
composites,
Effect of reinforcements on properties
Volume fraction Rule of mixtures,
Liquid state processing- stir casting, squeeze casting
infiltration,
solid state processing - Powder metallurgy, diffusion bonding,
In situ processes, applications of MMCs

Polymer Matrix Composites

Syllabus
Processing of polymer matrix composites

Solid state processing Compression moldingDiffusion

bonding
SMC Reinforced reaction injection molding,
Hand lay-up, Spray lay-up processes,

Resin transfer molding,

Pultrusion, Filament winding,
Applications of polymer matrix composites

Introduction
Solid

state

fabrication

of

Metal

Matrix

Composites
Metal Matrix Composites are formed as a result of
bonding matrix metal and dispersed phase due to
mutual diffusion occurring between them in solid states
at elevated temperature and under pressure.
There are two principal groups of solid state fabrication
of Metal Matrix Composites:
Diffusion bonding
Powder Metallurgy

Diffusion Bonding
Diffusion bonding is a common solid-state processing
technique for joining similar or dissimilar metals.
Inter diffusion of atoms between clean metallic surfaces,
in contact at an elevated temperature, leads to bonding.

The principal advantages of this technique are the

ability to
process a wide variety of metal matrices and control of
fiber
orientation and volume fraction.

Roll Bonding
Variants of diffusion bonding are roll bonding and

wire/fiber winding:
Roll Bonding is a process of combined Rolling (hot

or cold) strips of two different metals (e.g. steel and

aluminum

alloy)

resulted

in

formation

of

laminated composite material with a metallurgical

bonding between the two layers.
Wire/fiber Winding is a process of combined

winding continuous ceramic fibers and metallic

wires followed by pressing at elevated temperature.

Roll Bonding
Roll bonding is a common technique used to
produce a laminated composite consisting of
different metals in layered form. Such composites
are called sheet laminated metal matrix
composites

Dis advantages
Long processing times,
High processing temperatures and pressures
Expensive process
complexity of shapes is limited

Polymer Matrix Composites

Syllabus
Processing of polymer matrix composites

Solid state processing Compression moldingPowder

metallurgy
SMC Reinforced reaction injection molding,
Hand lay-up, Spray lay-up processes,

Resin transfer molding,

Pultrusion, Filament winding,
Applications of polymer matrix composites

Sintering
Sintering fabrication of MMC is a solid state process,
Powder of a matrix metal is mixed with a powder of
dispersed phase in form of particles or short fibers for
subsequent compacting and sintering in solid state
Sintering is the method involving consolidation of
powder grains by heating the green compact part to
a high temperature below the melting point, when the
material

of

the

separate

neighboring powder particles.

particles

diffuse

to

the

Solid-State Processes Powder

Processing

 When sintering is combined with a deformation operation, the fabrication

methods are called:
Hot Pressing Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites
Hot Isostatic Pressing Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites
Hot Powder Extrusion Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites

Hot Pressing Fabrication of MMC

Hot Isostatic Pressing Fabrication of MMC

Sintering under a pressure applied from multiple

directions through a liquid or gaseous medium
surrounding the compacted part and at elevated
temperature.

Hot Powder Extrusion Fabrication of MMC

Hot Powder Extrusion Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites
sintering under a pressure applied by an extruder at elevated
temperature.

Hot Extrusion