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Introduction
Each water harvesting system consists of a
catchment (runoff collection) area and cultivated
(concentration) area.
The first step in designing a water harvesting
system is to calculate the ratio between catchment
to cultivated area depending on the:
water requirement and
effective rainfall of the area.
catchment area may be too big relative to the cultivated area and
the excess water (runoff) will damage the crop and the structure
OR
If the catchment is too small relative to the cultivated area, the
catchment will give below the required amount and the crop will
suffer due to insufficient water or moisture stress.
For an appropriate design of water harvest systems, it is
Therefore, the catchment area must be 7.2 times larger than the
cultivated area.
Where,
MC is the total size of the micro-catchment (m2),
RA is area exploited by the root system and is equal to the canopy of the tree
covers (m2),
WR is water requirement of a canal (loss from the canal) (mm),
DRF is deign rainfall (mm), K is runoff coefficient and
Eff. is the efficiency factor of water harvesting structure both are in fractional.
= 84 m2
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you