BASIC LIFE

SUPPORT
Essa Loyallita Lestari
Handayani Puspa Sari
Muhammad Rizka Yahya

BLS ???
Usaha yang dilakukan untuk
mempertahankan kehidupan pada saat
pasien atau korban mengalami keadaan
yang mengancam jiwa.
Rata-rata orang yang tidak terlatih masih
bisa menyelamatkan nyawa orang lain
dengan fokus utama pada penekanan
dada, hal ini merupakan pedoman terbaru
dari American Heart Association 2010.

CPR / RJP ???

Re = Kembali
Resusitasi = mengembalikan fungsi
jantung paru pada :
Henti jantung
Henti nafas

Tindakan pertolongan pertama pada

orang yang mengalami henti napas
karena sebab-sebab tertentu.

Whats new ?

1958 : mouth to mouth ventilation

1959 : defibrilator
1960 : chest compression
2000 : ABC 15:2 with 3 shock 60 sec
CPR pause
2005 : ABC 30:2 with 1 shock 120
sec CPR pause
2010 : C-A-B

2005 2010 ???

From A B C to C A - B
AHA 2010 (new)
A change in the 2010 AHA Guidelines for
CPR and ECC is to reccomend the initiation
of chest compression before ventilation.
AHA 2005 (old)
The sequence of adult CPR began with
opening of the airway, checking for normal
breathing, and then delivering 2 rescue
breaths followed by cycles of 30 chest
compressions and 2 breaths.

Look, Listen, Feel ?

AHA 2010 (new)
Look, listen, and feel for breathing was
removed from the sequence for
assessment of breathing after opening the
airway. The healthcare provider briefly
checks for breathing when checking
responsiveness to detect signs of cardiac
arrest. After delivery of 30 compressions,
the home rescuer opens the victims
airway and delivers 2 breaths.
AHA 2005 (old)
Look, listen, and feel for breathing was
used to assess breathing after the airway
was opened.

 Rescue Breath
AHA 2010 (new)
Beginning CPR with 30
compressions rather than 2
ventilations leads to a shorter
delay to first compression

Kompresi dada lebih dalam

lagi
AHA 2010 (new)
The adult sternum should be
depressed at least 2 inches (5 cm)
AHA 2005 (old)
The adult sternum should be
depressed 11/2 to 2 inches
(approximately 4 to 5 cm).

Kompresi dada lebih cepat

lagi
AHA 2010 (new)
It is reasonable for lay rescuers and
healthcare providers to perform chest
compressions at a rate of at least
100x/min.
AHA 2005 (old)
Compress at a rate of about
100x/min.

Hands only CPR

AHA 2010 (new)
Hands-Only (compression-only)
bystander CPR substantially
improves survival following adult
out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
compared with no bystander
CPR.

Pengaktivasian Emergency
Response System (ERS)
AHA 2010 (new)
Check for response while looking at the
patient to determine if breathing is
absent or not normal. Suspect cardiac
arrest if victim is not breathing or only
gasping.
AHA 2005 (old)
Activated the emergency response
system after finding an unresponsive
victim, then returned to the victim and
opened the airway and checked for
breathing or abnormal breathing.

Jangan berhenti kompresi

dada !!!
AHA 2010 (new)
The preponderance of efficacy
data suggests that limiting the
frequency and duration of
interruptions in chest
compressions may improve
clinically meaningful outcomes in
cardiac arrest patients.

Tidak dianjurkan lagi Cricoid

Pressure
AHA 2010 (new)
The routine use of cicoid pressure in
cardiac arrest is not recommended.
AHA 2005 (old)
Cricoid pressure should be used
only if the victim is deeply
unconscious, and it usually requires a
third rescuer not involved in rescue
breaths or compressions.

Pemberian Precordial
Thump
AHA 2010 (new)
The precordial thump should not be
used for unwitnessed out-of-hospital
cardiac arrest. The precordial thump may
be considered for patients with
witnessed, monitored, unstable VT
(including pulseless VT) if a defibrillator
is not immediately ready for use, but it
should not delay CPR and shock delivery.
AHA 2005 (old)
No recommendation was provided
previously.

2005

2010

Langkah langkah
CPR Pada orang dewasa

Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest
compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
30 chest
compressions

Call 112

APPROACH SAFELY!
Approach safely

Scene
Rescuer
Victim

Check response
Shout for help
30 chest
compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths

Bystanders

30 chest
compressions

Call 112

CHECK RESPONSE
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest
compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
30 chest
compressions

SHOUT FOR HELP

Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest
compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
30 chest
compressions

Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest
compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
30 chest
compressions

OPEN AIRWAY
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest
compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
30 chest
compressions

RESCUE BREATHS

Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest
compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
30 chest
compressions

Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest
compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths
30 chest
compressions

Recovery Position

STOP CPR??

Perbedaan CPR pada

dewasa, anak2, dan
neonatus

Adult

Child

Infant

When to
call for
help

Call 911 before

you begin adult
CPR

call 911 after you

have tried
resuscitation for
at least one to
two minutes

call 911 after you have

tried resuscitation for at
least one to two
minutes

Circulation
/pulse

Check the carotid

artery (located in
the neck)

Check the carotid

artery (located in
the neck)

Look for the brachial

artery (located on the
inside of the upper arm)

be very careful
not to tilt a
childs head back
too far

tilt the head into the

sniffers position,
which is just far enough
back for the baby to
look like he or she is
sniffing the air.

Head
position
when
attempting
rescue
breaths
Compressi
on hand
position

Two hands in the

center of the
chest

One or two hands Two fingers in the center

in the center of
of the chest
the chest

Depth of
compressi
ons

Two inches

One and a half

inches

One inch