NETWORKING

BSIT 4 / CHS TTH 12:30 2 / 202

NETWORKING DEVICES
PART 1

FUNCTIONS

Connecting or expanding a network

Separate networks
Example:

Hub
Bridges
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EXPANDING NETWORKS

Tedious process
Less efficient
Create smaller networks from bigger ones
Requires various devices

EXPANSION DEVICES
1. Repeaters and Hubs

Regenerates signals for resending

Multiport used to broadcast signals
simultaneously

EXPANSION DEVICES
Features

Can support different types of media

Most Economic way of expanding a network
Limitations

Cannot link unlike segments

Cannot join segments with different access
methods (e.g. CSMA/CD and token passing)
Do not isolate and filter packets
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EXPANSION DEVICES
Repeaters and Hubs

EXPANSION DEVICES
2. Bridges

Use to connect two segments or two networks

EXPANSION DEVICES
Features

Has one input and one output

Used to isolate network traffic and computers
Has the intelligent to examine incoming packet
source and destination addresses
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EXPANSION DEVICES
Limitations

Cannot interpret higher-level information

Cfilter packet according to its protocol

EXPANSION DEVICES
How Bridges Works

Uses Transmit and Stop method

Uses Routing table

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EXPANSION DEVICES
How Bridges Works

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EXPANSION DEVICES

Add02

S 02

D 01

Switching Table
Seg 1
Seg 2
01

Add01
Stop

Add03

S 01

02

D 02

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EXPANSION DEVICES

Bridge
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EXPANSION DEVICES
3. SWITCHES

Works as a hub but more intelligent

Divides a network into several isolated
channels

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EXPANSION DEVICES
Features

Better use of limited bandwidth

More cost-effective than bridge
Can be considered as multiport bridges
Can interpret address information
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EXPANSION DEVICES
Advantages
Reduce the possibility of collision
Each channel has its own network capacity
Since isolated, hence secure

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EXPANSION DEVICES
Limitations

Can be overwhelmed by traffic

Cannot detect collision if buffer is full

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EXPANSION DEVICES

10Mb
ps

Hub

Switch

10Mb
ps

3Mbps

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EXPANSION DEVICES
Switch Application - VLAN
SW1

SW2

VLAN1

VLAN2

Hub

Hub

SW3
Hub
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EXPANSION DEVICES

Switch
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EXPANSION DEVICES
4. Router

Used to route packets to their correct

destination
Identify the best path to take for packet
transmission
Make transmission faster and efficient
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EXPANSION DEVICES
How a Router works
Enables a router to route a packet from a TCP/IP
Ethernet network to a TCP/IP token ring network
Only packets with known network addresses will be
passed - hence reduce traffic
Routers can listen to a network and identify its busiest
part
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EXPANSION DEVICES
Limitations

Not suitable for large network

Filter packet according to its protocol

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EXPANSION DEVICES

Router Wireless Capable

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EXPANSION DEVICES
CISCO Router

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EXPANSION DEVICES
CISCO Router

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EXPANSION DEVICES
CISCO Router

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EXPANSION DEVICES

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Any questions?

End of Lecture.
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