NATURE,

MEANING AND
PURPOSE OF
GUIDANCE
RONA M. SALITA
GENER T. HERNANDEZ

4P
IC S
WO ONE
RD
GUIDANCE IN EDUCATION
EDITION

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GUIDANCE

GUIDANCE is a form of teaching.

To guide means:

To point out.

To show the way.

To lead.

To conduct.

Definitions ofWilliam
Guidance
J.

Arthur J.
Jones

Guidance involves
personal help given
by someone; it is
designed to assist
individuals to decide
where they want to
go, what they want to
do, or how they can
best accomplish their
purpose; it assists
them to solve
problems that arise in
life. It does not
solve problems for
the individuals but
helps to solve
them. The focus of
guidance is the
individual, not the
problem; its purpose
is to promote the
growth of the
individual in selfdirection. Guidance
may be given in
groups or to
individuals, but it is
always designed to
help individuals
even though they
may be in group.

Carter Good

Guidance is a form
of systematic
assistance, aside
from regular
instruction, to pupils,
students, and to
others to help them
acquire knowledge
and wisdom, free
from compulsion or
prescription, and
calculated to lead
to self-direction
the act or technique
of directing children
toward a purposive
goal by arranging an
environment that
will cause them to
feel their basic
needs, to recognize
these needs, and to
take purposeful
steps towards
satisfying them.

Bennett
Guidance is a
phase of the
educative
process which
consists in the
appraisal of the
abilities, interests,
and need of
individual pupils in
order to counsel
them concerning
their problems, to
aid them in
formulating plans
for realizing their
capacities, and to
assist them in
making decisions
and the
adjustments which
will promote their
well-being in
school, in life, and
in eternity.

Gary Kelly
Guidance is a
process of
assisting
individuals to
determine their
physical, social,
intellectual, and
personality assets
and liabilities as well
as to know the
conditions,
requirements, and
opportunities of the
situation confronting
them, so that
possessed of these
two types of
knowledge, they can
make wise and
intelligent choices
and adjustments and
embark upon
suitable courses of
action as regards
their problems, their
needs, and their
opportunities.

Nature of Guidance
(1) As a Process.
(2) A Continuous Process.
(3) Related with Life.
(4) Development of Capacities.
(5) Individual Assistance.
(6) Task of Trained Persons.
(7) Wide Scope of Guidance.
(8) Helpful in Adjustment.
(9) Helpful in Developing the Ability of SelfGuidance.
(10) No Imposition of Ones View Point.
(11) Helpful in Preparing for Future.

Bases of Guidance

Philosophical
All guidance is
postulated upon
freedom of choice
and every theory of
counseling implies an
ethical position.

Psychological
No two individual are
exactly alike. There is a
need for an analysis of
individual traits for the
purpose of education.

Sociological
Society move towards
economic progress
and individuals
should be in places
and conditions where
they can contribute
to such progress.

Pedagogical
Guidance and counseling
make up the integral
phase of education
because they aim to
help all students achieve
their fullest potentials.

PART II
Aims and Purposes of
Guidance
Principles of Guidance
Need for Guidance
Reaction to Guidance

Aim and Purposes of

Guidance
1. Help individuals, by their own effort as far as
possible, to achieve up to the level of their own
capacities, to gain personal satisfaction in as
many aspects of their lives as possible, and to
make their maximum contribution to society;
2.

Assist them to meet and solve their own problems

as they arise, to make correct interpretation of
facts, and arrive at wise choices and decisions;

3.

Help individuals lay a permanent foundation for

sound, mature adjustments, and

4.

Assist them to live a well-balanced life.

Fundamental aims of education as provided for in the

Constitution and as applied by Congress in May 1950.
1. To live a moral life guided by faith in God and love of fellowmen
irrespective of creed, color and race.
2. To love and serve the Republic of the Philippines.
3. To be able to read and listen with understanding, to read and
write intelligently, and to think and act wisely in solving the
problems of daily life.
4. To be efficient in earning an honest living.
5. To maintain family unity, live a happy home life, and discharge
efficiently the responsibilities of the home.
6. To carry o healthful living in a wholesome environment in order
to be both physically strong and mentally fit in order to meet
the requirements of a useful life.
7. To make wise use of leisure time for self-improvement and for
the service of the community.
8. To appreciate the arts and letters and to attain such fulfilment
enriching them with their own contribution.
9. To carry on the Filipino way of life.
10.To understand other countries and develop goodwill toward
other problems.

The Need for

Guidance
Human beings
need help on varying
frequencies. Some need only in crises,
some need on regular intervals while
others need all the time.

Human beings have unending want. Very

few are capable of directing themselves
alone all through out; at least in some
ways if not in full necessitates the help
and guidance of others.

Guidance is given to people to decide what

he wants, where he wants to go, what he
needs to do, how he can do it, and how he
can solve his own problems.

Basic Principles of
Phases in a individuals
development history do not
Guidance
exhibit a unitary pattern.

Individuals tend either to be different or like one another.

Knowledge of principles or laws of learning has helped

guidance counselors.

Tests have their place in guidance.

May be added:

Guidance is a lifelong process.

Guidance is positive and preventive rather than curative.

Guidance is an adjustment process.

There is no mass guidance.

Function
ofsolve
Guidance
does not
the

Guidance

problem of that individual but

it helps the individual solve
that problem.

Reaction to Guidance
In the process of wanting, of
struggling, and of striving, attitude
towards assistance vary.
Dependent
Resistant

Crow & Crow 14 Principles of

Guidance

Every aspect of an individuals complex personality patterns

constitutes a significant factor of his total display of attitudes
and behavior.

Individual differences should be recognized, although human

beings are similar in many respects.

The function of guidance is to help a person formulate goals of

behavior which can be achieved.

Existing economic, social and political unrest is giving rise to

many maladjustment factors that require the cooperation of
experienced guidance workers.

Guidance is a continuous process.

Guidance is not limited to a few.

Guidance is education but not all education is guidance.

Generally accepted areas of guidance include concern with

the extent to which an individuals physical and mental
health interferes with his adjustment to home, school and
vocational demands.

Guidance is fundamentally the responsibility of parents at

home and of teachers in school.

Specific guidance problems should be referred to persons

trained to deal with particular areas of adjustment.

Programs of individual evaluation and research should be

conducted and progress and achievement made accessible
to guidance workers.

The guidance program should be flexible in terms of

individual and community needs or else it will lose its value.

The responsibility for the administration of the guidance

program should be centered in a qualified trained head.

Continuous or periodic appraisals should be made.

THANK
YOU.