Heart Diseases

By Lupuleac Cristiana
Mariasi Robert

Table of Contents
-Generalities about the heart
-Generalities about heart diseases
-Heart Diseases
*Hypertensive heart disease
*Ischemic heart disease
*Inflammatory heart disease
-Heart Failure
-CPR
*Effectiveness of CPR
-Main Symptoms of Heart Diseases
-Tests and diagnosis
-Treatments and drugs
-Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases
-Bibliography

What is the Heart ?

The heart is a muscular organ which pumps blood
through the blood vessels of the circulatory system . In
this way oxygen and nutrients are provided to the body,
and the metabolic waste is removed .

As all other organs of our body , the heart is

also a target for diseases .
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) was the most
common cause of death globally in 2008,
accounting for 30% of cases.
Of these deaths more than three quarters
were due to coronary artery disease and
stroke

What are Heart Diseases?

Heart disease describes a range of
conditions that affect your heart.
Diseases under the heart disease
umbrella include blood vessel
diseases, such as coronary artery
disease; heart rhythm problems
(arrhythmias); and heart defects
you're born with (congenital heart
defects), among others.
Many forms of heart disease can
be prevented or treated with healthy
lifestyle choices.

Hypertensive heart disease

High blood pressure of
unknown origin (primary
hypertension) or caused by
(secondary hypertension)
certain specific diseases or
infections, such as tumor in
the adrenal glands, damage
to or disease of the kidneys
or their blood vessels. High
blood pressure may
overburden the heart and
blood vessels and cause
disease.

Ischemic heart disease

Heart ailments caused by narrowing of
the coronary arteries and therefore a
decreased blood supply to the heart.

Inflammatory heart disease

Inflammation of the heart
muscle (myocarditis), the
membrane sac (pericarditis)
which surround the heart, the
inner lining of the heart
(endocarditis) or the
myocardium (heart muscle).
Inflammation may be caused
by known toxic or infectious
agents or by an unknown
origin.

Heart failure
Heart failure is a chronic
condition that happens
when the hearts muscle
becomes too damaged
to pump the blood
around your body. If you
have heart failure your
heart still works but
because it is less
effective your organs do
not get enough blood
and oxygen. Heart
failure tends to affect
older people more often.

CPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an
emergency procedure performed in an effort to
manually preserve intact brain function until
further measures are taken to restore
spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a
person who is in cardiac arrest.

Call

Pump

Blow

Effectiveness of CPR
Studies have shown that immediate CPR
followed by defibrillation within 35 minutes of
sudden VF cardiac arrest dramatically improves
survival

Main Symptoms of Heart Diseases

Symptoms can include:
-Chest pain (angina)
-Shortness of breath
-Pain, numbness, weakness or coldness in your
legs or arms if the blood vessels in those parts of
your body are narrowed
-Pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper abdomen or
back
In case of abnormal heartbeats you can face:
-Fluttering in your chest
-Racing heartbeat (tachycardia)
-Slow heartbeat (bradycardia)
-Dizziness
-Fainting (syncope) or near fainting

Tests and diagnosis

The tests you'll need to diagnose your heart disease depend on what condition your
doctor thinks you might have.
Electrocardiogram (ECG):An ECG records these electrical signals and can help your
doctor detect irregularities in your heart's rhythm and structure
Holter monitoring. A Holter monitor is a portable device you wear to record a
continuous ECG, usually for 24 to 72 hours. Holter monitoring is used to detect heart
rhythm irregularities that aren't found during a regular ECG exam.
Echocardiogram. This noninvasive exam, which includes an ultrasound of your chest,
shows detailed images of your heart's structure and function.

Treatments and drugs

Lifestyle changes. These include eating a low-fat and

low-sodium diet, getting at least 30 minutes of moderate
exercise on most days of the week, quitting smoking,
and limiting alcohol intake.
Medications. If lifestyle changes alone aren't enough,
your doctor may prescribe medications to control your
heart disease.
Medical procedures or surgery. If medications aren't
enough, it's possible your doctor will recommend specific
procedures or surgery.

Risk factors for cardiovascular

diseases
-Smoking

-Being Overweight

-Not enough exercise

-High cholesterol

-High Blood Pressure

-Poorly controlled diabetes

Bibliography

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heartdisease/basics/definition/con-20034056

http://www.world-heart-federation.org/cardiovascular-health/heartdisease/different-heart-diseases/

http://depts.washington.edu/learncpr/quickcpr.html

http://www.herbalist.com/

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/CPRAndECC/WhatisCPR/CPRFa
ctsandStats/CPR-Statistics_UCM_307542_Article.jsp