TRAINING OBJECTIVE

The purpose of training is

to provide knowledge and
skills, and behaviors to
work safely, efficiently,
effectively at work altitude
in the workplace

GOLDEN RULE NO.7 JPTOK

;
We only carry out work at height, if two meters
(6.56 feet)* or more after:
Checking that the correct equipment has been
provided
Ensuring that personnel involved have been
adequately trained
Checking that fixed platforms have
appropriate access, egress and
guard rails
Ensuring that fall arrest equipment has the
required anchor attached
appropriately, and
Preparing and practicing a rescue plan

LEARNING OUTCOMES
Participants will be able to:
1. Identify a workplace that requires
adequate fall protection
2. Shows understanding and awareness of
the work at height and fall prevention
3. Identifying fall hazards and take
appropriate control
4. Implement fall protection system
5. Knowing the existing procedures of work
at height

6.

7.
8.

Identify equipment / tools as needed

to work at height
Perform a fall protection system
Applying their abilities and skills to
use tools / equipment for work at
height

"You should always protect yourself

from falling when working at height
No one shall be allowed to work at heights
greater than 1.8 meters from the ground or
a platform/stage permanent work or
scaffolding without:
1. Wearing

protective equipment falling from

heights installed properly (eg. fastened body
harness and safety rope/lanyard-Full body
harness).
2. Completed training on working at heights

WORKING AT HEIGHT PROCEDURE

The results were obtained:

This procedure should be applied
by all employees in all
departments in the project, to
minimize the hazards while
working at heights up to an
acceptable level.
No worker fell from a height!

The standard is applied to all employees and all

contractors who require working at height 1.8
meters or more.

Working at height can

cause fatal accidents.

All workers involved with working at height

must be able to identify hazards

Doing proper control to prevent unwanted

things.

Ensure fall protection equipment is always in

good condition and used correctly.

All workers who work at height must attend

training conducted by the company.

HAZARDS
IDENTIFICATION

Identification of
HAZARDS
PREVENT INJURY

What hazards in these photos?

Hazard Identification
Three questions to identify the hazards:
1. What accident can be happened?
2. How come I get injured?
3. Severity of the injury?

1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

Chemical hazard
Noise
Obstruction ( trip,
limited access)
Sharp edge
Biological
Electrical
Ergonomic
Hot/cold surface
Radiation
Pressure
Fire / explosion
Traffic
Gravity/Elevation.

14.

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.

Mechanical ( rotating,
crushed, pinch point)
Vibration
Dust
Sinking
Atmospheric
Visibility
Slippery surface
Psychological
Flying object
Extreme weather
Social disturbance
Health hazard
Others

Reff. Doing
Height
(OSHA
Feet).

Standard

work
1926

at

 When

working at Height.
Walking at Height.
Standing at Height.
Sitting at Height.
Climb up at Height.
Down from Height.
Talking at Height.
(You are at
Height.......!)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

ELIMINATE/STOP.
SUBTITUTION.
ENGINERING DESIGN.
ADMINISTRATION
WORK PRACTICE.
P.P.E.

How to Control?
What is a Control?

1. Engineering:

Eliminate, Substitute,Isolate

2. Administration:
PTWS,JSA, Training, Rotation, etc

3. PPE

PPE Control - Example

Fall Arest.
Fall Restraint.
Static Line
Safety Helmet
Safety Shoes

Controlling Level for Working At Height

1.

Using the platform which is designed

according to the standard of work (such as:
scaffolding platform)

Anchor Point

Hand Rail

Controlling Level for Working At Height

Conts
2. Fall

Protection:
Fall restraint system / restraint systems when
fall (eg. harness retaining
falls are equipped with straps
fall arrest tethered /
attached to the anchor point
appropriate).

Controlling Level for Working At Height

Basic causes of Fall:

a) loss of balance
b) Sudden Moves
c) work floor is damaged /
broken / slippery

Conditions that require fall

protection:
- Workers should know and understand
about workplace conditions (danger of
falling) and its requirements.
- Conditions that require the wearing of
safety harness and lanyard / life line
such as:

At each stage of work,

where altitudes and
scaffolding, floats / place is
lifted

On the roof of a building or

on a sloping

On each side of the floor and the

roof height of 6 feet (1.8 meters)
or more, and there are no safety
fences or barbed wire.

At any supporting structure or

scaffold that underneath there and
sharp objects without a protector,
it does not matter about height.

Conditions Requiring Fall Protection

When someone moves on the
floor board, manhole covers, floor
grating / grating, etc.. of the last
board on the floor

Discover the dangers - other

hazards in your workplace ...!

Shock Absorber

Equipment to reduce force impact when fell

down.

To eliminate the kinetic energy from fall.

Shock absorber to eliminate injury from fall.

Shock absorbers should comply CSA

Z259.11-M92 "Shock Absorbers for Personal
Fall Arrest Systems"

Full Body Harness

Is

designed to hold
body of people when
she fall till stop.

Full-body

harness
should comply the
Canadian Standards
Association CSAZ259.10-M90 "Full
Body.

Safety nets should be installed as close as

below walking/working surface not more
then 30 feet (9.1 meters).

Broken Safety Net is prohibited to use.

Safety nets should be inspected at least

once a week.

Safety net mesh not more then 36 square

inches (230 square centimeters) or 6 inches
(15 centimeters) every side of mesh
center-to-center (mesh ropes or webbing).

Must have mesh crossings to prevent from

enlargement of mesh opening. Safety net
should have a minimum breaking strength
= 5,000 pounds (22.2 kilo Newton).

Connection between safety net panels

should have integral net components with
distance not more then 6 inches (15
centimeters).

Safety nets should be tested for impact

force, by load 400-pound (180 kilograms)
sand bag droped from walking or working
surface

Anchor

ROOF
Vertical Lifeline

Fall Restraint

Horisontal Lifeline

Stages to work safely at height as follows:

I.

Knowing and following standard/existing JSA

II.

Knowing the danger - the danger of falling

III.

Determining a safe entrance (entrance/exit)

IV.

Setting up a fall protection system

V.

Determine the area of work safety

Protection and Fall Prevention

SCAFFOLDING
Only authorized personnel are
permitted to set up scaffolding.
Use the steps that have been tied to
the entrance/exit to the scaffolding
Scaffold must be equipped with
appropriate safety barriers
Work floor must be strong,
adequate, and safe
Before use, check the scaffolding by
a certified scaffolder, especially
when new scaffolding repaired, and
if the weather is very bad, and once
installed and recorded, then plug
the tagging system

Protection and Fall Prevention

Work equipment must be carried by using ropes, crane or

pulley
Posting warning signs
Scaffolding must be installed on a flat floor and dry.
Post a protective edge / toe board, middle and upper
crossbar, and the crossbar cross
Scaffold must not be fitted with lifting equipment, unless
approved by an authorized officer.
All scaffolds must be inspected every 14 days and is
approved for use, and the tagging system installed

Protection and Fall Prevention

Work in the Scaffolding - Example

Protection and Fall Prevention

UNSAFE TO WORK

heights.ppt

22

Protection and Fall Prevention

3. Mobile Crane with safe cage
1. Use a secure cage
2. Make sure the hook /
hook crane is equipped
with a safety lock /
safety catch
3. Ensure systems fall
arrest / restrain an
additional system to be
attached to an anchor
point at the top of the
boom crane for a safety
cage
4. Instruct the crane

Protection and Fall Prevention

4. Lifting Platform/ Mobile Elevated Work Platforms

1. Make sure the

retaining jacks placed
on a flat floor
2. Verify that the fall
arrest system /
Restrain system
linked to the platform
railing

heights.ppt

21

Protection and Fall Prevention

3.

4.

5.

No other objects (eg: stairs, box

or raised platform) that is used to
increase the height.
Safety cage must be able to lock
automatically and remain closed
when in the height, and
Pallets should not be used as the
stage of work on the forklift

Protection and Fall Prevention

5. Forklift Trucks
Forklift must be equipped with a
lifter humans as well as providing a
safe way to lift workers and
equipment to the work area height
Safety considerations include:
1Workers should not be removed
through with a forklift or pallet

Protection and Fall Prevention

WRONG

Protection and Fall Prevention

CASE STUDY
Work unsafely

Work safely

Protection and Fall Prevention

IV. Preparing Control of Working at Height

In general, the control system can be divided into two types:

1. Protection System Passive / Fall Prevention Control
2. Active Protection System / Fall Protection Control

Note: All work equipment must be approved altitude recorded in the

Schedule of Registration Working at Height and controlled by each
department

Protection and Fall Prevention

1. Protection System Passive / Fall Prevention is
the equipment that is not used directly
(Example: Security Fence, Toe board / Side
Safety, Safety Net /Safety Net, etc.)

2. Active Protection System; some of the

equipment used directly when workers
perform their activities (Example: Safety
Harness, Belt, retracting lifeline, etc..)

Protection and Fall Prevention

Minimum Requirements for Safety Harness
1. Where

necessary for the safety harness

worn, they must be hooked to the lanyard
anchor point /anchorage points each time

2. When

using fall protection equipment / fall

arrest
3. No

one is allowed to work alone at height

Protection and Fall Prevention

Body Harness Inspection
Safety harness inspection conducted by
competent personnel should include:
1.Webbing

(example: examination of the

damage, friction, cuts, burns, exposure

to heat /chemical, overloaded, stitching),
2.D

rings (eg. examination of any damage

or wear, and examination of vertical

movement

Protection and Fall Prevention

Body Harness Inspection
3.

Buckles and adjusters (example: checking

for damage /cracking, burnt)

4.

Examination Automatic Locking Hooks;

triggers are in good condition and working
properly, the damage /cracks etc.

Protection and Fall Prevention

1. Binding of Fall Protection Equipment

It is most critical for active fall prevention

devices
is the tied off. Tied off must be
apart from the construction of the structure.
Supervisors and workers should consider
conditions that exist alongside and below, for
ensure that the fall was not hit or
swing and the objects around

Protection and Fall Prevention

2.

When you tied off to point with a lanyard as follows:

a. If using the automatic locking, revolving must
placed in the locked position.
b. Latch or even double-acting gate latch snap hooks
or karabiners must be locked and in the correct
position.

Protection and Fall Prevention

3.

Use of Anchor Point

Anchor point should be established and a permanent
structure
(not on the hand grip) and are made of materials that
appropriate

4.

Using Static Lines / Ropes Static

All static line must meet the AS 1891 Part2 Static Lines.
As a minimum requirement, they must:
a.

In accordance with the general conditions of the work environment (for

example, steel, galvanized, etc..)

b.

Only installed by an authorized and competent person

c.

Inspected at regular intervals (maximum 6-month intervals) and just

before work.

d.

Immediately reported if found damaged.

Protection and Fall Prevention

CAUTION

Do not associate lanyards which are not covered

fully latch hook (see picture)

Protection and Fall Prevention

Do not hook lanyard on to places not secure
bindings. Avoid the sharp edges (look the
picture)

Protection and Fall Prevention

Figure below shows the procedure for binding
correct, using webbing.

Protection and Fall Prevention

Figure below shows the correct binding
procedures, using Static line.

Protection and Fall Prevention

V.

Securing Working Area

Workers who do the work have to

install barricades (safety line) and
the guidelines below, to warn other
workers that the job is being
performed above.

Protection and Fall Prevention

CAUTION
1.

Do not work in high places when feeling unwell or feel

fear.

2.

Before using the equipment falls, perform the checks

manually on the belt/harness, lanyard for signs of
damage.

3.

There is a place to attach fall protection system that

can accommodate at least a force of 1500 kg without
any damage. Binding site should be straight over user
fall protection system.

Protection and Fall Prevention

4.

Make sure the place around you safe when

you fall and swing that your body will not be hit.

5.

Do not hook or tie fall protection system in

place that is lower than the belt/harness