Guideline for Lifting

Assess

the degree of exertion

permitted, patients physical
abilities, abilities to assist with the
move, abilities to understand the
instructions and individual own
strength.
Use pain relief to move patient if
necessary.
Prepare any assistive devices and
supportive equipment.
Be alert to the effects of any
medications that patient takes that
may impair alertness, balance,
strength or mobility.

Cont.guidelines for lifting

Obtain required assistance from

other persons.
Explain the procedure to the
patient and listen any suggestion
the patient or suppose people
have.
Provide privacy.
Wash hands before handling
patient.
Adjust the height of the bed to
bring patient close to center of
gravity.
Lock the wheels of the bed, raise
the side rail opposite you to ensure
patient safety.

Positioning
Therapeutic positions are used to
promote comfort of the client.
Proper turning and positioning
allows the client as comfort as
possible, prevent contractures and
pressure sores, and facilitates
diagnostic tests and surgical
interventions.

Guidelines of positioning
Assume

a proper stand before moving

or turning patient.
Distribute workload evenly before
moving or turning.
Establish comfortable height when
working.
Keep the patient close to your body as
possible.
Use large muscles for lifting and
moving. Move hip and shoulder as one
unit.

Cont.guidelines of positioning
Avoid

leaning and stretching.

Request assistance from others or
use client-handling
equipment/devices when working
with heavy patients to avoid strain.
Avoid twisting your body.
Maintain low back in
neutral position.

Cont.positioning

Three factors to be remembers:

1.Pressure
2.Friction
3.Shear force

Cont..positioning
Pressure-

Any part of the client that

comes in contact with the surface in
which the client is lying is the
pressure site.
Shear force- This occurs when skin
is dragged across the hard surface.
The deep layers of the skin is torn. To
avoid this try to lift the patient.
Friction- Friction and excoriation can
disturb the skin integrity, which in
turn can cause infection

Principles of positioning
Maintain

proper body alignment.

Support all body parts
Avoid pressure especially over
bony prominences.
Use pillows, splints, foot boards
and foam protectors which are
helpful in maintaining the
position.

TYPES OF POSITIONS
Prone

Supine

Semi

Knee-chest

prone/
Sims position
High fowlers
Semi fowlers
Left Lateral
Dorsal
recumbent

Trendelenburg
Reverse

trendelenburg
Cardiac
Lithotomy

Supine Position

Patient lying flat on the back with

legs extended, palms upward.
For patients comfort.
Assessment of vital signs.
Physical examination of head and
neck, anterior thorax and lungs and
heart, breasts, abdomen,
extremities and for checking
peripheral pulses.
Surgeries that involve anterior
portions of the body.

Prone Position
To

assess the hip joint.

To assess the posterior thorax.
Position for the patient with burns,
injuries and surgeries, and pressure on
his back.
To facilitate drainage of secretions
from the mouth.
Contraindication:
Clients

with respiratory and spinal problems.

Clients after abdominal surgery.

Lateral Position
For

examination of the anus and rectum.

( Left Lateral)
For the performance of the follow procedures:insertion of suppository, administration of
enema.
To check rectal temperature.
To facilitate drainage of secretion from the
mouth
Contraindication:
For

patient with hip replacement and other

orthopedic surgery.

Fowlers Position
To

relieve breathing difficulty.

To relieve tension on the abdominal
sutures.
To help in the drainage of the
abdominal cavity.
To relax the large of the back and
thighs.
Contraindication:
Not to be used after brain or spine
surgery.

Trendelenburg Position
Patients

head is lower and the

foot raise above head.
Position for some abdominal
surgery.
To promote venous circulations in
certain patients.
For postural drainage.
To treat shock with low blood
pressure.

Reverse Trendelenburg
Position
Bed frames is tilted up with foot of
bed down.
Use for patient with gastric
conditions, prevents esophageal
reflux.

Knee-Chest Position
Patient

kneels, with the body at a

90 angle to the hips, back
straight, arms above the head.
For examination of the rectum and
vagina.
For sigmoidoscopy.
As an exercise for post partum
clients.

Cardiac position
This

is the most comfortable

position for clients with cardiac
asthma.
This position is used for clients
with cardiac diseases who cannot
breath easily in lying down
position.

Lithotomy Position
Patient

in dorsal recumbent
position with the buttocks at the
edge of the examining table and
the heels in stirrups.
Surgical procedures involving
genitourinary systems.
Assessment of female genitalia
and rectum.

Qu
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