SELECTING RESEARCH

DESIGN

Yulia Sofiatin
COMMUNITY RESEARCH PROGRAM

2012

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Formulating
research
problem

Conceptualizing
research design

Selecting
samples

Reporting

Data
processing

Constructing
instrument

Data
collection

Research
proposal

Choose the most appropriate study

design for each study
objective/title :
Qualitative study
Cross-sectional
Case-control
Cohort study
Experimental study
Descriptive study
Case-report

 Mothers perception on oral rehydration

in West java
The effect of peer-education on students
sexual activity
Carbohydrat isolation in several kind of
peas
Incidence of stroke in families with and
without family history of hypertension
Measurement of FEV1 of 100 medical
students after 30 minutes Treadmill
exercise
Comparison of FEV1 of 100 medical
students before and after 30 minutes/day

 Association between breast cancer and

number of cigarette smoking in women.

Pattern of bone fracture in patients with
motorcycle accident admitted to
Emergency Room, Hasan Sadikin
Hospital.
Correlation between the knowledge of
peer-educator and peers knowledge on
smoking cessation.
Rare experience: treatment of severe
distribution shock after albumin
administration in male patient with lupus
nephritis

Time line of different study

design
Cross
Sectional

Cohort study
Case Control
Case
T i m e
l i n e
Report
Case `Series
Clinical Trial

Case control
Starting
point

CONCLUSION

Exposure
A

Exposure
B

With disease

Without disease

Cohort
Starting
point

Exposure
A

With disease

Exposure
B

Without disease

CONCLUSION

Cross-sectional Study
Metformin
Compl
(+)

Compl (-)

Compl
(+)

Compl (-)

Sample

Population

Sulfonil urea

Clinical Trial
Outcome
Treatment

No

Yes
CONCLUSION

Sample
Population

Random
selection

Placebo

Blinded
administration

No

Yes

Laboratory experimental
Effect
Disease
Treatment

No

Yes
CONCLUSION

Objects
Sample

Population

Random
selection

Placebo
Contr
ol

Blinded
administration

No

Yes

Selection of study design

depends on:
Research question/problem/objective
Time & resources availability
Common/rare disease
Expected outcome
Quality of data
Established design

Although screening of blood donors prevents HCV

infection through blood transfusion, the prevalence of
the infection remains high in patients who are on
chronic hemodialysis, presumably because of
previous frequent blood transfusions and nosocomial
transmission. A recent study in patients with normal
renal function showed that interferon treatment
lowered the rate of the occurrence of hepatocellular
carcinoma by a factor of 2, whereas another study
reported that the therapy improved the survival but
did not reduce the risk of liver disease in chronic
hepatitis C. The therapy has also been applied to
hemodialyzed patients, but several limitations
compromise its usefulness for these patients:
Interferon is expensive, liver biopsy for definite
diagnosis is reported to be risky for hemodialyzed
patients because of their tendency of bleed, the
therapy may cause serious adverse effects, and, most

Based on the article above, several

problems arise. Choose the most
appropriate study design for each
study questions.
A. Cross sectional study
B. Cohort study
C. Case control study
D. Clinical trial
E. Experimental study
F. Qualitative study

Choose the most appropriate

research design
Is screening to blood donors in our facility

conducted in an appropriate manner?

How big is the correlation between blood
transfusion and HCV infection in our
setting?
How long does it take for a chronic
hemodialysis patient to suffer HCV
infection?
Is interferon in our patients as effective
as in patients in the research?