The efficient issues in

cogeneration plants
By Viorel GAMURAR

Efficient Energy Use and Planning 2015 C

Karlstad, Sweden 06.10.2015

Chapter I Background
Some facts about Chiinu

First written mention -1436

Area 123 km2

Metro - 563.3 km2

Populationcity - 492,894

Population metro 809,600

Climate - humid continental

Some facts about District Heating:

CET 1 built in 1951-1961
Nominal capacity:
Electrical 66 Mw
Heat 254 Gcal/h
CET 2 built in 1976-1987
Nominal capacity:
Electrical 240 Mw
Heat 1200 Gcal/h
Termocom built in 1950
Nominal capacity of
Heat 320 Gcal/h

Production capcity for CET 2

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

0.0

765.2

Electrical power
from 35,8% to 38,3 %

Heating power
from 31,6% to 33,1 %

2,102.4

2011

782.4
2,102.4

2010

754.6

The installed
capacity

2,102.4

755.3

2009

2008

2,108.2

1,207.8
4,730.4

1,232.4
4,730.4

1,171.5
4,730.4

1,195.2
4,743.4

Product volume

805.4

2007

1,198.5
4,730.4

2,102.4
500.0

1,000.0

1,500.0

th Mw/h

2,000.0

2,500.0

0.0

1,000.0

2,000.0
th Gcal

3,000.0

4,000.0

5,000.0

Specific consumption per unit of product in 2007

350.00
300.00
250.00
200.00

gram or kg per unit

150.00
100.00
50.00
1

Climate data for Chiinu

10

11

12

The plants are running at very poor capacity from their nominal, this is one of the reasons why
the electrical and heat power are very expensive.
The capacity of CET 2 can cover all the customers who are connected to the district heating,
but the geographical area divides the pipe into 2 different sectors. The pipes from these
sectors are not connected between, so in one sector we have 2 cogeneration plants, and in
another only the heating plant.
Beginning with 2000s, the quality of heating was very poor, and many inhabitants decided to
refuse this service and install in their apartments gas boiler, to produce heat and heat water.
This big mistake reduced the costumers for the central heating, and increased the central
heating market.
Also a problem is that many new buildings are not connected to the central heating, and they
are using for heating and heat water the gas boilers, in this way they can control the
temperature in their houses and the quality of this service
Nowadays the natural gas tariff is pretty expensive, and many inhabitants want to connect to
the central heating.
Actually the market of central heating is a huge one, because it can capture the ex-costumers,
who decided to reconnect to the system, and the new one, the buildings which were built
between these periods.
Of course, one of the issue is to provide good quality of service at a good price, In this case we
should use cogeneration plants at full capacity.

Chapter II Objectives
The main objective of this project is to make some analyses (modeling) at different
consumptions and temperatures tasks, to make a comparative study of similar plants in EU
and/or Eastern Europe and to find the most efficient consumption, and to extrapolate it to
the whole period.
My ideas is to get a linear production (the most efficient one) in winter time, but in
summer it will work only in a third, because the capacity of 240 Mw is provided by 3
boilers. In this situation we will get the most electrical power in all the seasons, and in
summer time the heat power will be used for the district water heating.
IF at the final of my studies I will get a cheaper tariff for the electrical and heat power it
will be a good reason for those who are thinking to connect to the central heating system.
My change project is based on modeling different situations, with finding different
solutions and making a report with a few recommendations to the cogenerations plants, to
the Regulatory Agency (which establishes the tariffs), and of course to the potential
costumers, the inhabitants of Chisinau.

Chapter III Stakeholders

Actors to be involved:

Ministry of Economy (the shareholder of the CET 2);

The cogenerations plants;

Regulatory Agency;

Financial institutions;

the inhabitants of Chisinau;

etc.
Chapter IV The Scope of the Project

My change project is based on modeling different situations, with finding different

solutions and making a report with a few recommendations to the cogenerations plants, to
the Regulatory Agency (which establishes the tariffs), and of course to the potential
costumers, the inhabitants of Chisinau.

Chapter V Activities
Activities and implementation time frame:
No

Activity

Months
1

10

The analize of data information for 2007-2011, and

modeling at different consumptions and temperatures
tasks to find the most efficient one, also making
different scenarios for energy generation.

Modeling the energy generation at the municipality

level using new software tehnologies, such as STELLA
ASSIGMENTS, LEAP ASSIGMENTS, ENERGY PRO, HOMER
LEGASY,etc.

Study of similar experiences of neighbor EU and/or

Eastern Europe (Romania, Ucraina and Bulgaria)

Discussions with all relevant national stakeholders

(listed under point 3 above);

Elaboration the Recommendations based on findings

and stakeholders inputs

Submission of the study report to the stakeholders

Chapter VI Expected results

A Report with the Recommendations for Efficient Energy Generation in Cogeneration
Plants.
Chapter VII Budget
Project costs (e.g. personnel, facilities, materials, equipment, subcontractors, etc.):
N/A.

Chapter VII The Project Organization

Court of Accounts the supreme audit institution.

Thank You!!!
Karlstad