VERTIGO

V-5

THE HOVERING AIRCRAFT

 Base

The
Desi
gn

d on
swe
epba the Gr
Partia ck wing eat
mod
B2 S lly inspi
el.
red
tealt
The e h Bom by the
ber.
inclu ntire pla
d
n
a wi ing the e
ng.
fuse
lage
Cons
is
ists
h
on t
he s orizont
Cons ides, on al rotor
s
i
the
thru sts a sin
st en
gle s body.
gine
pina
.
l

 The w

The
Wing

aero ing is e
xtre
dyna
The e mic. mely
the ntire air
w in g
craft
Our d .
is
tw o e s i g n c o
roto
rs on nsists
sym
me t
th e
r
The w ically p wing,
l ac e
side ing tap
d.
e rs t
edge
o th
T h e a s.
e
towa ilerons
are
rds t
ftte
he e
d
nds.

Roto
r

Main

gene function
rate
is t o
takin
l
g of ift while
This
.
d
runw esign m
Take ays obsoleakes the
of a
t e.
any
n
land d landi
ng i n
scap
poss
e is
ible.
Hove
bala ring is p
ossib
ncin
g th
force
le b y
e
weig
with
ht
the
lift f
orce
.

Desi
g

n of
the
Roto
rs

In pri

n
work ciple, t
hese
t
h
e
a he
s am
r
licop
e wa otors
are
two ter, exce y as in
The r in use h pt ther
e
o
ere.
tend tating
m ot
t
o
caus
or w
efec
ill
e
t.
a
g
yrat
To tak
ion
e
care
othe
of t h
r mo
is th
the
t
o
r
e
will
oppo
r
otat
site
with
e in
d
its re
i
r
e
ction
angl
v
e
r
se b
es.
lade

 The combined efect of the rotor helps in

landing and taking of without using a

runway.
The total blade area of the rotors is
directly proportional to the thrust force
generated.
So we can use required number of blades
in the rotors.
In our design we have used only two
rotors, more rotors can be used to reduce
the load lifted by each separate rotor.

Thru
s

t En
g in e

The V

cent ertigo V
r a ll y
-5 h
as a
thru
p
l
a
ce d
st en
It is p gine. spinal
che rovided
ek i
with
n
Provi
du a l
lets.
des
the
gas direct fe
The t turbine ed to
.
Vert hrust en
igo V
gine
the
plan 5 is onl in the
y us
es f
not
ed
w hi l
i
g
h
t
e ta
a nd
l a nd
k
i
ing.
ng o
f or

Fuselage

The fuselage is also a part of the wing.

It is designed to carry two pilots and a

payload.
The fuselage can be modifed to carry
heavy artillery or few people during rescue
missions.
The fuselage is made heavier at the
bottom such that the rotors are aligned
symmetrically about the centre of mass of
the aircraft.

e
h
t
f
o
g
n
i
k
r
o
5
W
V
o
g
i
t
r
Ve

ns
ratio
Ope

Liftof
Take .
Fligh of.
t.
Hove
Land ring.
ing.

 Th e r

requ otors sta

ired
r
r p m t s pi n n i
This
.
ng a
g iv e
t the
thru
s th e
sti ng
upw
the
f
ard
orce
lift.
w h ic
calc
h pr
ulat
o v id
es
ions
roto
rs fo
for
sp e
r lif
M as
ed o
t
s of
o
f
f
th e
:
9000
a
ircra
k g.
ft =
Blad
9 to
e ra
ns =
d i us
Blad
= 1.
e so
5m
l i di ty
Ab s o
facto
l ute
r=
1.22
d
5 kg e ns i ty
1
o
/
m
f
3
T h ru
air
st c o
=
ef c
ient
c =
0.01

Lifto
f

The expression for the thrust of the rotor (lift

of force)
TL = ct Ab (R)2/
From this , 2 = tL / CT AB R2
= (4800x9.81)/(0.01)(1.225)
(x1.52)(1.52)
= 476 rad/s
Converting rad/s to rpm,
N = 4545 rpm
This is the speed required to lift the aircraft.

Take
o

T he t

V-5 ake of i
is pe
n
rform the Ver
runw
tigo
a y .
ed o
T he f
n an
air
ollow
show
ing c
t
prov hat the alculat
io
id
velo ed by t lift force ns
c
h
weig ity is eq e calcul
u al t
a ted
ht o
f th e
o th
S=
e
airp
262.
l a ne
as p
2
2
.
8
er d
m
2
(calc
subt esign
ulat
r
ed
a
area
cting
)
th e
roto
CL =
r
1.05

To calculate the velocity to maintain the altitude

take the worst case scenario,
lift force = weight force
The exposed pat of the wing will be closed after the
desired lift is achieved.
V2 = 2L/SCL
= 2x9000x9.81/1.225x62.288x1.05
V = 169 km/h
A is taken as chord length2, for the minimum
velocity of lift we found previously.
The drag force is
Fd = v2CDA
= 0.5x1.225x1692x0.04x47.61
= 33,314 N

Fligh
t

After

achi the des

ired
eved
lift is
are c
the
roto
lose
rs
d.
Forw
ard
mot
achi
ion c
eved
a
the
o
n
l y w n be
thru
hen
ster
enga
is
ged.
The
thru
st pr
by t
he e
oduc
ngin
ed
over
e
com
s sh
e
ould
force
the
airp acting o drag
lane
n th
.
e

 The following calculations show the drag

force experienced by the aircraft at takeof

velocity.
Calculation for forward thrust and
drag forces drag force
Fd = v2CDA
We know values of = 1.225kg/m3
CD for streamline shape = 0.04
Reference area, A = 47.61m2
= 0.5x1.225x1692x0.04x47.61
= 33,314 N

Hov
er

in g a
n
d
Land
ing

The p

brou lanes v
e
g
swit ht to ze locity c
an b
chin
ro b
g
e
y
by a
o
e
f
i
t
h
Durinpplying retvhe thrusteer
erse
r or
are g this ti
thru
ag a i
me t
st.
n en
he r
main
otor
g ag e
tain
s
d to
altit
t
h
e
u de .
de s i
red
Now
t
redu he altitu
ce d
slow de can
roto
rs
ly us
land and th
i
e pla ng the
ed, a
ne c
runw
gain
an b
ay.
with
e
ou t
a

Adva
n

tage
s of
the
Vert
ig o V
-5

The n

redu umber
of cr
c ed
ashe
d
Incre
rast
s ca
ic a ll
d ib l e
n be
y
.
The V
altit
ude
e
r
t
co n t
i
runw
go V
Fuel ay to take5 does notrol.
c
of.
n ee d
and onsump
a
la n d
tion
in
cons
d
ider g is bro uring ta
ught
The V ably.
keof
d
own
any -5 can l
It canlandscapea.nd and tak
eof
helic functio
from
n bo
opte
The V r and a th as a
n air
mak -5 is ex
plan
trem
ing i
e.

t ve
e
l
y
a
ry e
fcie erodyn
amic
nt.
,

Im p a

ct o f
the
Vert
igo
V-5

The V

cont -5 can r
epla
emp
c e th
o ra r
jets
y fg
as i t
hter e
resis
is m
ore
tant
c ra s
to d
a
n
d
e l i ve
prom h
r be
perf
ises
tter
orm
If ext ances.
e
pass nded to
e
very nger fi
ghts
prec
, th e
altit
i
s
e
ude
a nd
cont
easy
help
rol c
in m
ould
traf
oder
c ef
a tin g
c ie n
a ir
tly.