Parul Institute of Engineering &

Technology
Subject Code : 171903
Name Of Subject : Computer Integrated
Manufacturing
Name of Unit : Group Technology
Topic : Group Technology
Name of Faculty : Prof.D.P.Patel
Name of Students: (1) Jadav Jaydeep
(2) Kanjaria Mihir
(3) Umangi Pathak

Introduction
Group Technology is a manufacturing
concept/ philosophy in which similar parts
are identified and grouped together in
parts, groups or families to take advantage
of their similarities in design and
production
Part Family is a collection of parts which
are similar either because of geometric
shape and size or because of similar
processing
steps
required
in
their
manufacture.
Sub:
CIM
Topic: Group
Technology

Part Families
The parts which are similar in their design
characteristics are grouped in a family
referred to as design part family.
The parts which are in their manufacturing
characteristics are grouped in a family
referred to as a manufacturing part family.
The characteristics used in classifying
parts are referred as Attributes.
Part classification and coding is the process
of identifying design and/or manufacturing
attributes of a part, listing it and assigning
a code number
Sub: CIM

Technology

Topic: Group

Exampl
e of
three
differen
t part
family

Sub: CIM
Technology

Topic: Group

Part Classification

Part classification can be termed in three

categories
1.System based on design attributes
2.System based on manufacturing attributes
3.System
based
on
both
design
and
Design
attributes
manufacturing
attributes Manufacturing attribute
External shape
Production processes
Internal shape
Operation sequence
Dimensions
Production cycle time
Tolerances
Machine tool
Material
Tools required
Part function
Fixtures required
Surface Finish
Batch size
Major dimensions
Annual production
Minor dimensions
Surface Finish

Sub: CIM

Technology

Topic: Group

Part Coding
Coding structure usually adopted in GT is of 3
types
1.Hierarchial/ monocodes, in which each element
of digit interprets and amplifies the information of
the preceding symbols
2.Attribute codes/ polycode / chain-type structure,
in which each feature is assigned a specific
location and a set of questions is asked about
each feature to determine the value of that
particular feature digit and each digit is
independent of other digits
3.Hybrid
Sub:
CIM

codes / mised mode structure,

Topic:which
Group is a
Technology
combination of best features of the previous two

Opitz

Basic structure of geometrical codes in Opitz

system
Sub: CIM
Topic: Group
Technology

Machining cells
When machines are arranged to form
composite part/parts in form of cell they
are termed as machine cells.
Machine cells are formed to have
Better flow of material
Reduce work in process inventory
Reduce material handling
Reduce production time
Improve quality
Simplify production scheduling
To reduce setup times

Sub: CIM

Technology

Topic: Group

Machining cells
There are four common GT Machine cell
configurations
1.Single machine cell
2.Group machine cell with manual handling
3.Group machine cell with semi integrated
handling
4.Flexible manufacturing cell

Sub: CIM
Technology

Topic: Group

Machining cells

Single machine cell

Group machine cell

withSub:
manual
handling
CIM
Technology

Topic: Group

Machining cells
Group machine cell with
semi integrated
handling

Flexible manufacturing
cell

Sub: CIM
Technology

Topic: Group

ADVANTAGES OF GT
1. A good coding and classification system provides
design engineering with a system that facilitates

Efficient retrieval of similar parts

Development of a data base containing effective product
design data
Standardization of designs
Avoidance of design duplication
Forming of part families
Use of producibility
Incorporation of engineering design changes into the
engineering and manufacturing systems

2. A good coding and classification system provides

manufacturing with a system that facilitates
Development of computer aided process planning system
Retrieval of process plans for part families
Development of standard routings for part families
Sub: CIM
Topic: Group
Development of machining cells
Technology

ADVANTAGES OF GT
3. Helps in development of tooling groups, NC program
groups and standard setups
4. Production planning and control is simplified
5. Production scheduling is simplified
6. In process inventory is reduced in machine cells
7. Shorter manufacturing through put times
8. Improved machine utilization due to shorter setup
times and better scheduling
9. Gives improvised plant layout and hence reduction
in material handling
10. Since worker carries out similar work, worker
satisfaction is increase
11. Better quality of work
12. Management is more effective as environment is
Sub:
CIM
Topic: Group
simplified
Technology

DISADVANTAGES OF GT

Installing and implementation is very costly as

well as time and effort consuming

If
communication
between
design
manufacturing departments is poor
system may not be successful

There are no fixed methods/ standards of GT.

So no common procedure and hence difficult to
implement

Large cost may be incurred for rearranging the

machines

and
then

Without strong support from top management

implementation
of GT is difficult Topic: Group
Sub:
CIM
Technology