Transforming XML by Using XSL Transformations

6
Transforming XML by Using XSL

Transformations
Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Objectives
After completing this lesson, you should be able to do
the following:
Describe XSL and XSL Transformations (XSLT)
Transform an XML document by using XSLT
Use key XSLT elements
Create, apply, and call templates
Sort and filter an XML document
Use parameters with templates
Use the oraxsl command-line utility
6-2
What Is XSL?
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) is made up of
two parts:
XSL Transformations (XSLT)
XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO)
XSL
6-3
XSL Transformations
Input XML
document
XSL
processor
Output
XML
document
XSL
stylesheet
Matchin
g
rule
6-4
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet ...>
<xsl:template match="XPath"/>

</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output
data
The XSLT Stylesheet

An XSLT stylesheet is an XML document containing:
A <xsl:stylesheet> root element declaring:
The xsl namespace prefix
The http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform
mandatory namespace URI
One or more <xsl:template> elements and other

XSL elements defining transformation rules
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
...
<xsl:template match="/"> ... </xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="..."> ... </xsl:template>
<xsl:stylesheet>
6-5
XSLT Stylesheet: Example

<xsl:stylesheet version ="1.0"
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr><th>Id</th><th>Name</th><th>Salary</th></tr>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
5
</table>
4
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="employee">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="employee_id"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="last_name"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="salary"/></td>
6
</tr>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
6-6
1
2
3
Using an XSLT Stylesheet with an XML

Document
An XML document uses an <?xml-stylesheet...?>
processing instruction:
After the XML declaration and before the root
element of the XML document.
Containing two pseudo-attributes:
The type value is the MIME type for the stylesheet
The href value is the URL of the source XSLT
stylesheet document
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="emp.xsl"?>
<employees>
...
</employees>
6-7
Viewing the Transformed Document

Perform one of the following:
Open the XML document in the browser
View oraxsl command-line processor output
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="emp.xsl"?>
<employees>
<employee>
<employee_id>100</employee_id>
<last_name>King</last_name>
<salary>24000</salary>
</employee>
<employee>
<employee_id>101</employee_id>
<last_name>Kochhar</last_name>
<salary>18000</salary>
</employee>
</employees>
6-8
Creating Template Rules

The template rule:
Is created using <xsl:template> elements with:
A match attribute with an XPath pattern value
The output template containing formatting
instructions to produce a result tree
<xsl:template match="pattern">
output-template
</xsl:template>
Is applied when a node in the input XML document

matches the XPath pattern in the rule
A simple text string
</xsl:template>
6-9
Match pattern determines its context node

Getting Input Text with <xsl:value-of>

The <xsl:value-of> element:
Has the select attribute containing an expression,
typically an XPath expression
Inserts the string (text) value of the expression
Is used inside an <xsl:template> element
For example:
<xsl:template match="region">
<xsl:value-of select="."/>
</xsl:template>
<region num="1">
<id>1</id>
<name>Europe</name>
</region>
Input XML document
6-10
1 Europe
Output document
Applying Template Rules
Use <xsl:apply-templates/> to recursively

process children of the context (current) node.
Document root
</xsl:template>
B
B
C
Input XML
document
6-11
Document root
Document root
</xsl:template>
A
D
<xsl:template match="A">
Root element A
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="B">
Element B
</xsl:template>
Output
Document
Document root
Root element A
Element B
Element B
Controlling Template Activation Order

The <xsl:apply-templates> activates one of the
following:
Templates matching child nodes by default
Templates matching its optional select attribute
Example:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='windows-1252'?>
<xsl:apply-templates select="//region"/>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="regions">
<h1>Regions</h1><xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:template>
<p><xsl:value-of select="."/></p>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
6-12
Template Rules and Priorities
The rule with the highest priority is applied.

Or, use the rule that appears last if the priority
equals another.
Document root
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="/" priority="1">
Apply this document Root
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="department">
Department Data 
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="department">
I WIN!

</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
6-13
Default Template Rules

XSLT provides built-in template rules:
That are applied for nodes without a matching
template rule in the XSLT stylesheet
For different types of nodes in an XML document,
such as:
The element and root nodes:
<xsl:template match="*|/">
</xsl:template>
The text and attribute nodes:

<xsl:template match="text()|@*">
<xsl:value-of select="."/>
</xsl:template>
6-14
Effects of Default Template Rules

<html>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr><th>Id</th><th>Name</th><th>Salary</th></tr>

</table>
<xsl:template match="*|/">
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="employee">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="employee_id"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="last_name"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="salary"/></td>
</tr>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
6-15
Looping with <xsl:for-each>

The <xsl:for-each> element:
Provides a select attribute containing an
expression to identify a node-set
Applies its template for each node in the node-set
Is nested inside an <xsl:template> element
<xsl:template match="departments">
<xsl:for-each select="department">
</xsl:for-each>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
6-16
Attribute Value Templates

An attribute value template is:
An XPath expression, enclosed in braces, whose
result is used as an attribute value
Used to include input document information in the
attribute values of XSLT elements, and the output
<region>
1
<region_id>1</region_id>
<region_name>Europe</region_name>
</region>
2
<regions><xsl:apply-templates/></regions>
</xsl:template>
<region id="{region_id}" name="{region_name}"/>
</xsl:template>
<regions><region id="1" name="Europe"/></regions> 3
6-17
Creating Elements with Attributes
To create an element, use <xsl:element>:

<xsl:element name="region">Japan</xsl:element>
<region>Japan</region>
To create an attribute, use <xsl:attribute>:

Inside an <xsl:element>:
2
<xsl:element name="region">
<xsl:attribute name="id">5</xsl:attribute>Japan
</xsl:element>
<region id="5">Japan</region>
Inside <xsl:attribute-set> element used in the

use-attribute-set attribute of <xsl:element>:
3
<xsl:attribute-set name="region-info">
<xsl:attribute name="id">5</xsl:attribute>
<xsl:attribute name="name">Japan</xsl:attribute>
</xsl:attribute-set>
<xsl:template match="region[1]">
<xsl:element name="{local-name()}"
use-attribute-sets="region-info">
</xsl:element>
</xsl:template>
<region id="5" name="Japan"/>
6-18
Sorting an XML Document

The <xsl:sort> element can be used:
To sort nodes in the input document before the
nodes are processed
Inside the <xsl:apply-templates> or
<xsl:for-each> elements
<xsl:template match="/employees">
<xsl:for-each select="employee">
<xsl:sort select="last_name"/>
</xsl:for-each>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
6-19
Multiple times to specify additional sort criteria

Conditional Processing with <xsl:if>
The <xsl:if> is processed when the test

attribute evaluates to true.
The test attribute is a Boolean expression.
<h2>Departments with a manager</h2>
<xsl:for-each select="//department">
<xsl:if test="manager_id">
</xsl:if>
</xsl:for-each>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
6-20
Conditional Processing with

<xsl:choose>
The <xsl:choose> has one or more <xsl:when>
elements, and optionally one <xsl:otherwise>.
<xsl:for-each select="//employee">
<p><xsl:value-of select="last_name"/>,
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="salary < 10000">
<font color="red">
<xsl:value-of select="salary"/>
</font>
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
<font color="blue">
<xsl:value-of select="salary"/>
</font>
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose></p>
</xsl:for-each>
</xsl:template>
6-21
Calling Templates by Name
Create a template specifying the name attribute:

...
<xsl:template name="deptlist">

</xsl:template>
...
Call template by name:

...
<xsl:template match="/departments">
<html>
<body>
<h1>Department Report</h1>
<ol><xsl:call-template name="deptlist"/></ol>
<xsl:apply-templates mode="body"/>
</body>
...
6-22
Summary
In this lesson, you should have learned how to:
Create an XSL stylesheet containing XSLT
elements
Use XSLT to transform an XML document by using
a browser and the oraxsl command-line utility
Use <xsl:template> to create a template rule
Use <xsl:apply-templates> for recursion
through child template rules
Call named templates with <xsl:call-template>
with and without parameters
Apply sort criteria to nodes in an XML document
by using the <xsl:sort> element
6-23

Transforming XML by Using XSL Transformations

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Transforming XML by Using XSL Transformations

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

6

Transforming XML by Using XSL

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

The XSLT Stylesheet

One or more <xsl:template> elements and other

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

XSLT Stylesheet: Example

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Using an XSLT Stylesheet with an XML

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Viewing the Transformed Document

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Creating Template Rules

Is applied when a node in the input XML document

Match pattern determines its context node

Getting Input Text with <xsl:value-of>

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Applying Template Rules

Use <xsl:apply-templates/> to recursively

Controlling Template Activation Order

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Template Rules and Priorities

The rule with the highest priority is applied.

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Default Template Rules

The text and attribute nodes:

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Effects of Default Template Rules

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Looping with <xsl:for-each>

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Attribute Value Templates

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Creating Elements with Attributes

To create an element, use <xsl:element>:

To create an attribute, use <xsl:attribute>:

Inside <xsl:attribute-set> element used in the

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Sorting an XML Document

Multiple times to specify additional sort criteria

Conditional Processing with <xsl:if>

The <xsl:if> is processed when the test

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Conditional Processing with

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Calling Templates by Name

Create a template specifying the name attribute:

Call template by name:

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Potrebbero piacerti anche