FUNCTIONAL

FINISHING

WHAT IS FINISHING

??????

Finishing is a fi nal process given to a textile material

to

Give a good appearance

Desirable feel
Impart certain durable properties
Stiffness
Softness
Wash and wear finish
Water repelling finish
Fire proof finish etc.

To impart some desired functional

properties

Aesthetic Finish
These finishes modify the appearance and / or
hand or drape of fabrics

Functional Finish
These finishes improve the performance
properties of fabrics

FUNCTIONAL FINISHES
Functional Finishes improve the performance
properties of the fabric ; like durability,
strength etc.
Antimicrobial/Antiseptic
Antistatic
Crease resistant
Durable Press
Flame Resistant
Mothproof
Shrinkage Control
Soil Release
Water Proof/Repellant

WATER REPELLENT FINISH

Water repellent are chemical fi nish
Resist the penetration of water into or
through the fabric
Permits the passage of moisture or air
through the fabric
Methods
The yarns are coated with water repellent material
like wax
The water repellent do not permit the water drop to
spread and penetrate
Could be of durable and non-durable types

WATER PROOF FINISH

A water-proof fabric, unlike a water
fabric, is completely moisture proofed

repellent

The fabric is coated or laminated with a fi lm of

natural or synthetic rubber or plastic, such as vinyl
or polyurethane
Water proof fabrics are not necessarily
desirable than water-repellent fabrics

more

Water proof fabrics are uncomfortable

Water proof fabric possesses a rather fi rm, nonrapable hand

FIRE RESISTANT FINISH

With synthetic fi ber which melt on igniting by a
fl ame,the molten moss is itselfquite
dangerous and a fi reresistant treatment is
desirable for certain end uses.
Polyester fabrics can bemade fl ameresistant
bytreatment with anaqueous emulsionof
xylenesoluble 2,3-dibromopropyl phosphate in
a pad-cure sequence.
A semi-permanent eff ect can be produced
bytreating with a mixture of ammonium
bromide and brominated phosphoric acid
esters.

SOIL RELEASE FINISH

What is soiling of textiles?

Textile material getting attracted to dirt or soil

Development of static charge electricity to
hydrophilic textiles, making them prone to
soiling
Re-deposition of soil during washing
The soils cannot be readily removed
Hydrophobic materials are not wetted
properly during laundering

SOIL RELEASE FINISH

What is soiling of textiles?
Soil release fi nish is a chemical fi nish
This permit easy removal of soil with ordinary laundering
Hydrophilic fi bres and fabrics with resin fi nish are not
easily wet able
Hence, stains of oily nature are not removed easily
Soil release fi nish increases the hydrophilicity of the
material and increases wetability

Soil release fi nish also improves the antistatic properties,

fabric drapability and comfort

WRINKLE RESISTANCE FINISH

The ability of the fabric to resist the formation of crease
or wrinkle when slightly squeezed is known as crease
resistance fabrics
The ability of a fabric to recover from a defi nite degree
from creasing is called crease recovery
Finish to reduce the undue wrinkles on fabric or garments
Cotton, rayon and fl ax are more susceptible to wrinkle
Wrinkle occurs due to the hydrogen bonds of the cellulosic
molecules in the amorphous region
Due to application of heat or moisture, the hydrogen bond
breaks and new hydrogen bond occurs at new dimension
Therefore wrinkling can be reduced if the hydrogen bond
formation can be reduced

FRAGRANCE FINISH
Microencapsulation is a useful method for
protecting
various
functional
fi nishes
on
textiles. As the capsules do not have affi nity to
fabrics, a binder should be used to fi x the
capsules for the purpose of fi nish durability.
During curing, however, the aroma inside
capsules can be lost through quick evaporation
and swelling to escape or break the capsule.
The loss from capsules can seriously reduce
the amount of aroma on the fabric and
decrease the durability.
Aromatherapy includes blends of various
fragrances
like
Musk,
Pineapple,
Rose,
Lavender, Jasmine, Peppermint etc.

ANTISTATIC FINISH
Synthetic fi bres of hydrophobic nature are prone to
generation of static charges
This problem is very troublesome while processing
the fabric at high speed in dry state
Antistatic agents are used
Antistatic agents absorb small amount of moisture
from the atmosphere, thus reducing the dryness of
the fabric
Antistatic fi nishes are semi-durable
Washes out at several launderings or dry cleanings

ANTI-MICROBIAL FINISH
With the increasing use synthetic fi bres for carpets
and other materials in public places, anti-microbial
fi nishes have assumed importance.
Antimicrobialfi nishEco-friendly
antimicrobialfi nishing agentfor cotton fabrics &
Garments. Useful for eliminating bacterial growth
due to sweat.
Characteristics of anti-microbial fi nish
It maintains hygiene and freshness, stops bad odor.
Control or eliminate microbial staining
Eliminates the chances of disease transmission.
Improve life of the articles wherever it is applied

 Mothproofi ng Finishes: protect proteincontaining fi bres, such as wool, from being

attacked by moths, carpet beetles and other
insects.
Absorbent Finishes: increase fi bres' moisture
holding power. Such fi nishes have beenapplied to
towels, cloth diapers, underwear, sportsshirts
andother items wheremoisture absorption is
important.
Crease Resistant Finishes are applied to
cellulose fi bres (cotton, linen and rayon) that
wrinkle easily. Permanent Press fabrics have
crease-resistant fi nishesthat resist wrinkling and