SAFETY

Refers to the physical and environmental

condition of work which comply with prescribed
occupational safety and health ( OHS) standard
which allow the workers to perform his or her job
without or within acceptable exposure to hazards.
HEALTH
means a sound state of the body and mind
of the workers that enables him or her to
perform the job normally.
OSH Standards are mandatory rules and
standards set and enforced to eliminate or
reduce occupational safety and health hazards in
the workplace.

OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID

Prolong life
Alleviate suffering
Prevent further injury

Guideline in Giving First Aid

Getting Started
Emergency Action Principle
Planning
Survey the Scene
Gathering
Assess
Initial Response
A- Airway
A- Ask for help
B- Breathing
I- Intervene
C- Circulation
D- Do not further harm Arrange Transport
Instruct Helper
Facility

Hindrances in Giving Emergency Care/First Aid

Unfavorable Surroundings
Presence of crowd
Pressure from victim or relatives

Characteristic of a Good First Aid Provider

Gentle
Observant
Resourceful
Tactful
Sympathetic

Most Common Emergency in a Work Place Setting

Wounds
an injury or break in the continuity of the skin
Burns
an injury in the body caused by high temperature
Airway Obstruction
blockage in the passageway of air
Myocardial Infraction (Heart Attack)
Inability of the heart to maintain sufficient
circulation resulting in cessation of the
heart beat.

Wounds
Open Wounds
Abrasion rubs off the
surface of the skin
Amputation - removal of
the limb or appendages
Avulsion tearing away of a
part
Incision cut
COMPLICATION OF WOUNDS
Hemorrhage
Laceration tear
Infection
Punctured pierce
Shock
D direct pressure
Death
E elevation
P pressure point
T tourniquet

Closed Wounds
I Ices
C Compression
E Elevation
S Splinting

Burns

Types
Thermal
Electrical
Chemical

Degree
1st Degree epidermis
2nd Degree Dermis
3rd Degree Both epidermis,
dermis & deeper muscles

What to do..
1st Degree & 2nd Degree flush with clean running
water & cover with clean dressing or cloth.
3rd Degree Cover with clean dump damped
dressing or cloth.

Airway Obstruction (Choking)

What to do..
Assess the victim .
Perform Heimleich maneuver / abdominal trust.
Chest trust
Back tap
CPR (if necessary)

Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)

What to do..
Assess the victim (ABC of Prevention..)
CPR
Transport

Assume a well balance position facing

the direction you intend to move the
load. The feet should be parted with
one foot alongside the object to be
The hold
must
secure
andthe feet
lifted
andbeone
behind,
comfortable,
use palms
of gives
handsgreater
and
comfortably
spread
Correct Feet Positionnot finger tips. For objects such as
stability and the rear foot is in position
boxes,for
hold
opposite
thediagonally
upward thrust
of the lift
Firm hold with Palm corners. Move in close to the load with
arms and
Bend
elbows
at thetucked
knees in.
and keep the back
straight. But remember that straight
the head
raisedvertical.
and chin in
so
does
not mean
A straight
Straight Flat Back Keep
the neck
and
headthe
continue
the muscles
back
keeps
spine, back
straight
back
line.
Tucking
in thealignment
chin
and
body
organ
in correct
helps keep the spine straight and firm
Leg muscles are stronger that back
Head Raise, Chin In
muscles, use them to lift the load. Do
not jerk or strain, use a smooth action.

Lift with Legs

Use Body Weight

Start the lift with a thrust from the rear

foot and follow through with the body
when possible. Use of body weight
helps to propel the load, reduces
fatigue and strain on the arms