CAVE ART

Cave Painting
Refer to paintings on
cave walls and
ceilings or rock walls
and during the prehistoric times.

How Have Cave

Paintings
Survived and
Been Discovered?

Utensils, bones, and

charcoal from
numerous campfires
found at the mouths
of caves suggest that
the Stone Age
occupants lived there

A special place
farther back in the
cave was set aside
for magic rituals
and this was where
the paintings were
done.

There, they were

protected from the
wind and rain. For
this reason many
paintings have
survived to the
present day.

What sorts of
pictures were
painted in
Prehistoric
Caves?

Mostly naturalistic
pictures of hunting
scenes or
arrangement of
animals like bison
(buffalo), horses,
reindeer, cattle,

Human images
appeared
occasionally.
Abstract imagery
was also common.
A variety of dots,
lines, signs, and

How did
Prehistoric
artists obtain
their colors?

Prehistoric artists
utilized several
different
combinations of
materials to make
colored paints.
Numerous varieties
came from clay ochre

The artist used charcoal

for black color. To
prepare their paints,
Stone age artists ground
the pigments to a fine
powder and mixed it
with cave water, animal
fats, vegetable juice,

What are the

skills of
Prehistoric
Artists?

Though their tools

were crude,
Prehistoric artists
were able to
demonstrate
knowledge and
affection for the

What they knew and

felt was combined
with a sensitive
artistic instinct. This
enabled them to
capture in paint the
power of bison, the
fleetness of a horse,

Examples of
some famous
caves containing
Stone age
Paintings

CHAUVET CAVE

LASCAUX CAVE

ALTAMIRA CAVE

TAKE NOTE:
MATERIALS FOR CAVE
PAINTING
HONEY
ANIMAL FATS
CHARCOAL
and
SALIVA

EARLY
ART
FORMS

Prehistoric Builders
In time, Prehistoric
people got out of
their caves to begin
building more
comfortable shelters.

Prehistoric Builders
Small communities
developed, and
hunters replaced
their weapons with
crude farming tools
and shepherds rods

EARLY SHELTERS

EARLY SHELTERS

EARLY SHELTERS

Rock Carvings
Abstract symbols
were carved into
stone by prehistoric
people during the
Paleolithic period.

Rock Carvings
Spirals and
concentric arcs
appear etched in
standing stones as
well as on flat rock
surfaces.

Rock Carvings
Relief sculptures
carved in stone or
horn survive as
evidence of early
artists carving skills.

PETROGLYPHS
Rock Carving

PETROGLYPHS
Rock Carving

PETROGLYPHS
Rock Carving

PETROGLYPHS
Rock Carving

PETROGLYPHS
Rock Carving

PETROGLYPHS
Rock Carving

EGYPTIAN
ART

Hieroglyphics

Hieroglyphics
Egyptian hieroglyphs were
a formal writing system
used by the ancient
Egyptians that combined
logographic and
alphabetic elements.
Egyptians used cursive

A
E
I
M
Q
U

B
F
J
N
R
V
Y

C
G
K
O
S
W
Z

D
H
L
P
T
X

Cartouche
It is an oval with a
horizontal line at one end,
indicating that the text
enclosed is aroyalname.
While the cartouche is
usually vertical with a
horizontal line, it is

Frontalism
Rule

Rule 1: Profile

Rule 2:Colour

Rule 3: Stance

Rule 4: Scale

Description
Head in profile
Side view of eye and eyebrow
Eye never looks straight ahead
Men painted in red ochre
Women painted in yellow ochre
Hips have a three-quarter turn
Chest and shoulders shown at their
full width
Both feet, legs, arms and hands
must be shown
Size of figures reflects social status
Men are larger than women of
equal status
Wives and children often in
crouching position,
with arms around the calves of the

SPHINX

Sphinx
It is a mythical
creaturewith, as a
minimum, the body
of alionand a
human head.

PYRAMIDS

Pyramid
The ancient Egyptians
built pyramids as tombs
for the pharaohs and their
queens. The pharaohs
were buried in pyramids of
many different shapes and
sizes from before the

Pyramid
There are about eighty
pyramids known today from
ancient Egypt. The three
largest and best-preserved of
these were built at Giza at
the beginning of the Old
Kingdom. The most wellknown of these pyramids was

THE ARTS
of the ANCIENT
GREEKS
and ROMANS

GREEK
ART

Greek Art
Produced their best works in
buildings like the stone
temples, statues, and
painted vases
First artists to establish
mimesis as a guiding
principles of art

HISTORY OF GREEK ART

The Archaic Period (800 600 B.C.E.)
During this period the artists were
focused on the linear geometric
tendency and stylized forms as
influenced by those from earlier
civilizations, such us those
Mesopotamia and Egypt.
Examples of these art forms were the
potteries with a variety of geometric
designs and highly stylized human
figures.

Types of Greek Sculpture

KOUROS
Nude male figure, maybe
that of an athlete . The
influence
of
Egyptian
sculpture was shown in its
frontality and rigidity

One foot slightly forward, the

fist clenched at the sides with
a smiling feature, slightly
bulging eyes, and hair
arranged in tight geometric
curls

Types of Greek Sculpture

KORE
A fully clad female body, the
drapery of its robe made
regular, vertical folds.

HISTORY OF GREEK ART

Classical or Hellenic Period (500 B.C.E.)
The Golden Age of Athens or the Age
of Pericles, after its great statesman,
as it marks the highest point of
Ancient Greek civilization.
Contains the mainsprings of the
western cultural tradition in the
philosophy that crystallized from the
works of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
Sculpture evolved from frontal to truly
3 dimensional figures, realistic from
every angles

HISTORY OF GREEK ART

Hellenistic Period (400-100 B.C.E.)
Refers to the period after the 5th
Century B.C.E., when Greek culture
intermingled with oriental influences
and, together with political instability
of the time, gave rise to a new set of
aesthetic ideals.

 Two important historical events where

art became filled with vitality and
movement.
The defeat of Athens by its rival
military Sparta.
The successive conquest of the
Greek city-states by Alexander the
Great

APOLLODORUS

Apollodorus
Skiagraphoswas an
influentialAncient
Greekpainterof the 5th
century BC whose work has
since been entirely lost.
Apollodorus left a
technique behind known as
skiagraphia, a way to easily
produce shadow, that
affected the works not only
of his contemporaries but

ZEUXIS
was an innovative ancient
(5th century BC) Greek
painter. Although his
paintings have not
survived, historical records
state they were known for
their realism, small scale,
novel subject matter, and
independent format.

ZEUXIS
His technique created
volumetric illusion through
manipulating light and shadow,
a change from the usual
method of filling in shapes with
flat color. This new effect
eventually led to Italian
Renaissance "chiaroscuro.
Preferring small scale panels to
murals, Zeuxis also introduced
genre subjects (such as still
life) into painting.

PARRHASIUS
one of the greatest painters
ofAncient Greece. He was
universally placed in the very first
rank among painters. His skillful
drawing of outlines is especially
praised, and many of his drawings
on wood and parchment were
preserved and highly valued by
later painters for purposes of study.
He first attained skill in making his
figures appear to stand out from
the background.

HISTORY OF ROMAN ART

Roman Art
o Is very much indebted to the ancient
Greeks. The Greek art elements found
their way into Roman sculpture and
Architecture, and how those elements
were transformed by Roman artists
and engineers. Roman art retained
the importance of the human figure
as it main subject.

 Roman Art
o In sculpture and painting, Roman
works reflected the tremendous
influence exerted by earlier Greek
artists. Roman sculptors adapted
Greek forms and techniques in arts.
The Romans were practical ad
realistic people. They were endowed
with a keen, observant eye. The
Roman artists painted their
environment, developed new artistic
subjects such as still life and
landscapes, as well as architectural

ROMANESQUE ART
o The Romanesque period was a
time of strife and political
insecurity following the collapse
of the Roman Empire and is often
referred to as the Dark Ages or
the Middle Ages.
o The sculpture of the Romanesque
Period was found mainly in
connection with architecture.

ROMANESQUE ART
o The elongated faces of the saints
had an ecstatic, other worldly
look.
o Their figures of unrealistic
anatomy feature a strange
whirlpool on the shoulders, belly,
and knees which seemed to be
caught in a suspended dance.

GOTHIC ART
o Gothic is the term used to identify
a period that began around the
middle of the twelfth century and
lasted to the end of the fifteenth
or into the sixteenth century.

GOTHIC ART
Characteristics of Gothic
Cathedral
Stone used in Building
Translucent stained glass
In the interior, ornaments of
gold and silver, precious stones
and exquisite tapestries.
It took many years to complete a
cathedral, and parts of the
structiure were added or modified