Arc Welding Continued

Arc Welding Processes

Lesson Objectives
When you finish this lesson you will
understand:
The similarities and difference between
the remaining arc welding processes
Advantages and disadvantages of these
arc welding processes
Need to select between the processes

Learning Activities
1. Look Up Keywords
2. View Slides;
3. Read Notes,
4. Listen to lecture
5. View High Speed
Videos
6. Do demo on web
7. Do on-line
workbook

Keywords:
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), Straight Polarity(SEN),
Reverse Polarity (REP), Plasma Arc Welding (PAW), Keyhole,
Electrogas (EGW), Electroslag Welding (ESW), Stud Welding,

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

(GTAW or TIG)

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Effects of Polarity

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Advantages
Superior quality welds, generally
free from spatter, porosity, or
other defects
Precise control of arc and fusion
characteristics
Weld almost all metals
Used with or without filler wire
Easily automated
Used in all positions
Intricate geometries weldable

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Disadvantages
Less economical than
consumable electrode
processes for sections thicker
than 3/8 inch
Lowest deposition rate of all
arc processes
Tungsten inclusions
Higher operator skill
Required
Sensitive to drafts

Turn to the person sitting next to you and discuss (1 min.):

In all the previous arc welding processes metal wire or
electrodes material melts and droplets of metal deposit on
the weldment. Some of that metal as it goes through the arc
ionized into metal ions and electrons which conduct the
electricity through the arc. In GTAW there are no metal
ions (or very few metal ions) in the arc since the tungsten
electrode is non-consumable. What carries the current in
the GTAW arc?

Linnert, Welding Metallurgy,

AWS, 1994

AWS Welding Handbook

Ed 8 Vol 1 1987

Stinchcomb, Welding Technology

Today, Prentice Hall, 1989

Advantages
Greater Energy Concentration
Improved arc stability over other
processes
Higher heat content, Higher travel speeds
Greater penetration capabilities
Finer sections can be welded with low
current PAW than GTAW

Disadvantages
Operator skill required is slightly greater than
for GTAW
Equipment more expensive
Orifice replacement necessary

Take a moment this evening to view the High Speed

Videos of Arc Welding Processes on the Video
Page of the WE300 Website

Turn to the person sitting next to you and discuss (1 min.):

The keyhole mode of welding is used because the weld
speed can be very fast where molten metal flows around the
hole and collides and solidifies in the rear of the hole. What
might happen to the shape of the trailing weld pool if the
speed was increased too fast?

Flux cored Shielding

AWS Welding Handbook

Ed 8 Vol 1 1987

External Shielding Gas

AWS Welding Handbook

Ed 8 Vol 1 1987

AWS Welding Handbook

Ed 8 Vol 1 1987

Advantages
Used for thick weldments
Produces sound welds
Increased cost effectiveness as thickness increases

Disadvantages
Once started, the weld must continue
Coarse grained Heat Affected Zone

Turn to the person sitting next to you and discuss (1 min.):

If insufficient cooling water is supplied to the shoes on
electroslag welding what is likely to happen:
a.) the shoe will warp and liquid steel will flow out
b.) the shoe will melt and water will be absorbed by the weld
metal later causing delayed or cold cracking.
c.) an explosion will occur

Cary, Modern Welding

Technology, 1989

Cary, Modern Welding

Technology, 1989

Cary, Modern Welding

Technology, 1989

Do the Arc Weld Demonstration from the

Demonstration Web Page on the WE300
Website