Masonry Structures Rehabilitation

(brick and stone masonries)

MASONRIES DETERIORATIONS
CAUSES

In-time decreasing of the physico-mechanical

properties values of the materials (materials
ageing) - for the masonries pieces and binder;
Foundation soil degradation due to:
rainwater infiltration,
loss of adduction and sanitation facilities,
raising the water depth level,
change water routes due to new construction;
Exceeding the bearing capacity of the foundation
soil in case of new construction, a building adjacent
to the existing,
Seismic actions,
Exceptional actions effects
Lack of the structural maintenance activities, with
condensation phenomenon;

FOUNDATION
SOIL
DEGRADATION
:

Crack in the base of a

masonry wall subjected
to self-weight loading
and foundation soil
settlement

Inclined cracks due to oblique

tensile stresses

Vertical cracks due to the extent

of bending

Horizontal cracks due to significant

shear forces

Vertical cracks in the pillars (masonry pillars) due to high

vertical forces

Masonrys Dislocation on a
Beam Support:

SPALET R U PT
G R IN D A D IN L E M N

Walls Deterioration Due To

Horizontal Actions:

Local cracks

Cross inclined cracks due to alternating horizontal forces

during earthquakes

Cross inclined cracks due to seismic actions occurs

in masonries walls

Umbria-Marche (Italy), 1997 september

Masonry deterioration due to

lack of maintenance and / or the
current repairs

Degradation of masonry wall due to lack of rainwater

discharge system

Masonry degradation due to salts present in

infiltrated water

Peeling plaster masonry under the action of rainwater

MAIN FACTORS IN ORDER TO CHOOSE THE

MASONRY CONSOLIDATION METHODS
age of the building;
masonry type:
stone
brick;
type of the binder between masonrys pieces:
dry masonry,
mortar with clay/lime binder,
grout cement binder;
structural system:
simple masonry,
confined masonry with metal elements
confined masonry with concrete elements,
confined masonry concrete pillars and girdle;
foundations type.

MAIN PRINCIPLES IN ORDER TO DESIGN THE

REHABILITATION PROCESS OF THE DAMAGED / DEGRADED
MASONRY STRUCTURES

i.

eliminate the causes that can produce degradation;

ii.

avoid changing of the structural system;

iii.

improving transmission of the charges to the foundations;

iv.

linking adjacent vertical elements;

v.

achieving
elements.

connection

between

vertical

structural

ODS TO STRENGTHEN THE DAMAGED MASONRY STRUC

Deployed masonry restoration;
Cracks/Fissures Injection and Closing;
Crack Sewing with Iron Staples;
Walls Jacketing with:
- Traditional materials (wire mesh reinforcement and shotcrete)
- Modern materials: composites (FRCP Fiber Reinforced with
Composite Polymers CPAF (ro)
Boarding openings (doors/windows),
Binding corner zones;
Placing the tie rods;
Introducing clips of metal profiles;
Embedment of stiffeners elements (horizontal / vertical / inclined)

Consolidation through partial restoration of

masonry

Old
masonry
rehabilitati
on with
cement
based
mortar
(badpractice
exemples)

Consolidation by openings boarded

(doors/windows)

Consolidation by injection and jacketing

private building, ex-Marriage Registry

Consolidation by
injection &
openings
boarded

Consolidation by injection Old Duane building, Iai

Crack
Sewing
Iron Staples
F IS U R A
ZO N A B E TO N ATA

with
B R ID A

Walls
Jacketing
wired mesh

Walls consolidation by jacketing

State Philharmonic of Iai

Reinforcements fixing with iron clamp (scoab):

SCO ABA

20 c m

1 0 -1 5

20 c m

Corners
binding:

Consolidation by openings bordering with steel profiles

Roma (2009)

IRON
PLATE
LIMIT

FLANGE

IRON
CLAPS

TIE
ROD

TIE
ROD

TIE ROD - GIRDLE

Connection
flange

Tie- rods in girdle

embedded

GIRDLE WITH CONNECTORS

EXISTING
MASONRY
CONNECT
OR

R.C. GIRDLE

Masonry consolidation by using metallics tie-rods

Covilha, PT
(2011)

Timioara
(2012)

MASONRY STRUCTURES CONSOLIDATION

WITH FIBERS REINFORCED COMPOSITES MATERIALS

mason
ry

Glass-fiber
texture with
epoxy resin

Masonry consolidation with carbon-fiber reinforced polymer

(CFRP) composites strips

Masonry Structures Rehabilitation by

Historic Facade Conservation / Maintenance

Manchester

Shefield

Bucureti
(2011)

Munchen
(2012)

Barcelona
(2013)