5 Troubleshooting & Maint

Hughes Network Systems
AiReach Broadband 9000
Troubleshooting and
Maintenance
Training Course
September 2011
1 Troubleshooting and Maintenance
HUGHES PROPRIETARY II
Reference Documents
Hub and Remote Terminal Site Preparation Guide

Hub Terminal Installation and User Manual
Remote Terminal Installation and User Manual
EMS Reference Manual
System Operations Manual
Element Management System (EMS) Installation and
Maintenance Manual
All Manuals are online on the EMS and on the EMS

software CD-ROM
Course Topics
Troubleshooting
Isolating Problems
Installation Troubleshooting
System Maintenance
Operational Troubleshooting
Support Contact
TAC Problem Reporting
TAC Website Use
Before You Start

PC Settings for LCT
(Local Craft Terminal)
9600, 8, none, 1
No handshaking
LCT Cable:
LCT Login
Username:
Password:
lct
hnslct
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Tree
Troubleshooting Categories
Installation
And
Commissioning
Operations
And
Maintenance
For each category above:

The starting points are different, but
Some of the troubleshooting techniques overlap
Isolating Problems
Most problems identified during installation are more
likely to be physical/mechanical defects, problems
created by human error at the time of the component
configuration at the EMS, or parameters entered in the
IDU during commissioning.
Most problems identified during normal operation tend to
be categorized as network, RF, or specific service related
failures that are recognized by the current alarms
reported to the EMS.
It is possible to experience operational problems that may
normally be classified as occurring during installation,
and vice versa.
Regular system maintenance can help to eliminate some
problems by identifying them as they develop rather than
after they become a service impact.
HT Installation Troubleshooting
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
Power On
Start Up Diagnostics (SUDs)
Bootp request failed
Disabled Failed
Disabled Off Duty
Enabled Degraded
Power On
Upon powering up the IDU the power LED should be
solid green color
Verify input power is within the operating range:
+/- 48vdc: +/- 40.5vdc to +/- 57vdc
Does rectifier have enough current capability?

If the IDU does not power on, remove the IFL cable
and try again. If it powers on, there is a short in the
IFL cable.
SUDs (Start Up Diagnostics)

A failure during SUDs indicates one of the IDU self
tests has failed.
If there is a failure the status LED will remain off,
or be illuminated a solid color, and the LCT can not
be accessed.
If the LCT is not accessible and the status LED is
flashing, check your HyperTerminal settings (9600, 8,
N, 1) and your serial cable.
Replace the IDU if SUDS fails
HT Bootup
On the PC LCT you should see the following (or
similar) after power up.
It can take about 20 seconds to see some output
from the IDU.
ROM_DISK_START address
= 0xfe600000 ,size = 20971520
ROMDISK OK. checking BSD
BSD present in the ROMDISK
VxWorks System Boot
Copyright 1984-1998
Wind River Systems, Inc.
CPU: Motorola - PowerPC 8280

Version: 5.4.2
BSP version: 1.2/2
Creation date: Suppressed Date/Time
Bootp Request Fails

After exiting the install mode the HT will send
a boot request to the EMS
booting...
boot device
unit number
processor number
file name
inet on ethernet (e)
host inet (h)
gateway inet (g)
user (u)
ftp password (pw)
flags (f)
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
ln
0
0
/aireach/ems/DBA/SWREL/R011307/HJBA1307.CPZ
10.10.10.10:ffffff00
10.10.10.1
10.10.10.1
anon
anon
0x40
..........
Bootp request failed after 10 retries...
Bootp Request Fails

If after a few minutes the message Bootp
request failed after 10 retries is received, there
was no response from the EMS
Perform the following:
Verify HT MAC on EMS Hub Terminal screen.
On the hub site router:
verify the Helper Address is defined to point the bootp
broadcast message to the EMS IP address.
Verify Network Management Connectivity (next slide)
Verify Network Management Path
Verify LAN cable is connected to LAN port 3 on the 9800 IDU

Verify the path to the hub router from the EMS by using the
ping command.
Verify the path using trace route command.
Determine if a point between the EMS and HT is not reachable.
If the problem is in the DCN contact the DCN support staff.
If the last router to the hub site is reachable, a site visit may be
required to verify the device interface cable integrity, or to
verify the device is correctly configured.
TIP: You can use your laptop to verify connectivity from the Hub
site (or router location). Set the IP of your laptop to the IP of
any HT on the site. See if you can ping the near router
interface, far router interface and the EMS IP address. Also,
ask the EMS Operator to ping your laptop.
Verify Network Management Path

If you are using E1 TDM in-band management:
Use the LCT to show the status of the E1 Physical link

Check the E1 physical link status on the router
Verify that the number of timeslots matches
If there are any E1 alarms, the HT will not be able to boot
While the HT is in the process of rebooting (after trying to
get the boot reply from the EMS), the router will show LOS
on the E1 line this is normal. The E1 is only active when it
is trying to send and receive the bootp messages.
If you are using ATM in-band management:

Use the LCT to show the status of the STM-1/E3 Physical link
Check the STM-1 physical link status on the router or switch
Verify that the management VP/VC is correct
Disabled Off Duty

==========================================================================
AB9800 Hub Terminal Main Menu
Main Menu
LCT Mode:Normal[RAM], PtP Mode:OFF, PtP Install Mode:OFF
Local Config Install:OFF, Local Config Normal:OFF, EMS Connectivity:LAN
==========================================================================
1. Front Panel Display
2. Site Specific Information
3. EMS Port Information
4. Status
5. Statistics
6. Installation
7. Reset History
8. Reset
9. Software Revision
10. Set/Clear Configuration Mode
11. Local Configuration
12. Baud Rate Setting
13. Update Base Application in Flash
14. Update Boot ROM in Flash
15. Update FPGA in Flash
16. Shutdown
17. Logout
Enter your choice from the menu, OR 'p' for previous menu, 'm' for main menu
Your Choice: 1
==========================================================================
Front Panel Display
==========================================================================
HT
Freq
Disabled OffDuty
Press Enter to continue...
Disabled Off Duty

Disabled Off Duty indicates the IDU has not received
all configuration from the EMS yet: its either in
process of downloading it or it failed to complete
FTP process with the EMS.
To find out if this is the case, logon to LCT and
check Status Element Software. If state is
listed as Unknown or message says Reconciling
and it stays that way for more than 10 minutes
most likely that FTP process has failed.
Check router configuration make sure that:
ip directed broadcast and
ip irdp are setup on the Hub Router interface.
Check if company firewall or router access list

maybe enabled and blocking FTP/ IPs range
Disabled Failed
With the HT successfully downloaded from the EMS,
(Status Element Software shows Reconciled
state) the final state shows:
HT Freq XX
Disabled Failed
Use the Status option on the LCT menu to identify

the hardware failure. If ODU is failedreplace ODU.
If IDU is failedreplace the IDU.
Enabled Degraded
Enabled Degraded indicates the IDU is Enabled and
transmitting, but one of the configured service ports
does not have an interface cable installed or is not
configured correctly.
Other Issues
Sometimes if all other indications are correct, it is
possible that the EMS database needs to be
refreshed. On the EMS, the operator must run this
command:
$ DescriptorRegenAll.ksh
This will force the HT configuration files to be

rewritten and downloaded
Note: Please, be aware that if, for some reason, there
were no communication between the EMS and
HUB(s) at the time when configuration changes have
been made at the EMS changes will take immediate
effect upon execution above command and/or when
communication has been restored
RT Installation Troubleshooting
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
Power On
Start Up Diagnostics (SUDs)
Unable to read Frequency set
Stuck at Freq Acq in progress
Stuck at Ranging in progress
Install Acq Denied HT #
Bootp Request Failed
Disabled Failed
Disabled Off Duty
Enabled Degraded
Matching RF Planning data
Power on
Upon powering up the IDU the power LED should be
a solid green color
Verify input power is within the operating range:
+/- 48vdc: +/- 40.5vdc to +/- 57vdc
For DC power does rectifier have enough current

capability?
If the IDU does not power on, remove the IFL cable
and try again. If it powers on, there is a short in the
IFL cable.
SUDs (Start Up Diagnostics)

A failure during SUDs indicates one of the IDU self
tests has failed.
If there is a failure, the status LED will remain off
or a solid color and the LCT can not be accessed.
If this happens, replace the IDU (note when replacing
the IDU make sure to contact the EMS operator and
report the new MAC address).
IDU Hangs After Entering Cable Loss

This occurs while the IDU is in the install mode. The
LCT is stuck after inputting IFL cable/loss information and
does not show the RT Frequency selection.
Enter your choice from the menu

Your Choice(1-14): 1
==========================================================================
IFL Cable Mode
==========================================================================
1. Cable Loss
2. Cable Type/Len
Current Choice: 1
Your Choice(1-2): 1
Enter the 'Rx Loss (0.1 dB)' default = 47 :
Enter the 'Tx Loss (0.1 dB)' default = 67 :
IDU Hangs
IDU Hangs After Entering Cable Loss

This indicates the IDU was unable to poll the ODU to
verify it is the correct band radio for the frequency
selected. This may be due to:
an open connection between the IDU and ODUverify the
integrity of the IFL cable, and verify the IFL connections at
the IDU and ODU have been properly made;
HT ODU was mistakenly installed at RT site verify for the
correct ODU part number
Unsupported ODU Check the part numbers
Faulty ODU (rare) replace ODU
If after inputting IFL cable loss/type information output

screen displays wrong frequency set ( expected, for
example A1-A20, displayed B1-B20) this indicates that the
wrong band RT ODU has been installed at the site. Verify
for the correct RT ODU by part number.
Stuck at Frequency Acq in progress

==========================================================================
Select 26C Freq
==========================================================================
1. C1
2. C2
3. C3
4. C4
5. C5
6. C6
7. C7
8. C8
9. C9
Your Choice(1-9): 1
---------------------------------------Freq Set C1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Freq Acq In Prog
----------------------------------------
Stays here for a

long time > 15
minutes

This indicates the RT is unable to synchronize to the HT.
Verify there are no other RTs having a problem in this
sector. If this is the first RT in the sector, verify the HT is
operational.
Another possible cause may be that the RT boresight
alignment was performed incorrectly and the RT is not
pointed well enough receive on either side lobe, or the
main lobe. Verify the RT pointing.
If it is a point to point link, verify the HT pointing.
It is possible the IFL cable integrity is not proper and a
poor quality IF signal is getting to the IDU. Verify the IFL
cable sweeps and/or IFL cable connectors ( loose,
improperly terminated)
(continued...)

...
Verify that the proper RT antenna is used (30cm used
instead of 60cm).
Verify that the RT ODU is not installed with the incorrect
polarization
Verify that correct Polarity antenna is installed at the Hub
Terminal
Another possible cause is the ODU or IDU is failed
replace the ODU or IDU

==========================================================================
Select 26C Freq
==========================================================================
1. C1
2. C2
3. C3
4. C4
5. C5
6. C6
7. C7
8. C8
9. C9
Your Choice(1-9): 1
---------------------------------------Freq Set C1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Freq Acq In Prog
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ranging In Prog
----------------------------------------
Stays here for a

long time > 15
minutes

Ranging is performed at the demodulator in the IDU. The RT is
able to receive signal from the HT well enough to synchronize,
but there are too many errors on the link to perform the ranging
process. Verify no other RTs in the sector are having problems.
If so, check the HT site.
Since at this point the pointing voltage port is enabled on the
ODU verify the RT antenna pointing to improve the receive
signal quality.
Verify in the RF Planning data if a mechanical attenuator is
required at this site. If so, verify it has been installed.
Verify the IFL cable sweeps.
If the link is Point to Point
Verify that you exited install mode at the HT
Verify that the range is set correctly
Install Acq Denied HT#

Install acquisition denied indicates that the RT ESN
was not known by the HT. Verify the HT ID
corresponds to the expected serving HT, and if so,
check with the EMS operator that the ESN was
properly input into the EMS database.
Another possible cause may be that, if this is a RT
site on the sector fringe, the HT ID denying
acquisition is not the expected serving HT but may
be another HT operating on the same frequency as
the desired HT. If so, the HT antenna may not be
pointed properly to give the correct coverage
footprint.
Bootp Request Failed

If the RT has successfully been taken out of the install
mode yet there is a failure to receive a reply to the bootp
request, then the air link quality or the IF quality is
suspect.
Put the RT back into the installation mode and repoint the
antenna.
Review the actual IFL cable sweeps paying particular
attention to the sweep cable characteristics.
Check the SQI there may be interference on the link
Check the Interface option on the EMS
If the antenna pointing and IFL appears correct replace
the IDU (note when replacing the IDU make sure to
contact the EMS operator and report the new ESN).
Disabled Off Duty

Disabled Off Duty indicates the IDU has not received
all software from the EMS yet: its either in process
of downloading it or its failed to complete FTP
process with the EMS.
To find out if this is the case, logon to LCT and
check Status Element Software. If state is
listed as Unknown or message says Reconciling
and it stays that way for more than 10 minutes
most likely that FTP process has failed.
Check EMS configuration ( subnet mask), check
router configuration.
Check HT/RT Air Interface status FTP process can
get interrupted due to poor air link quality.
Disabled Failed
With the RT successfully downloaded from the EMS,
the final state shows:
RT Freq XX
Disabled Failed
Use the status option on the LCT menu to identify

the hardware failure. If ODU is failedreplace ODU.
If IDU is failedreplace the IDU.
Enabled Degraded
Enabled Degraded indicates the IDU is Enabled and
transmitting, but one of the configured service ports
does not have an interface cable installed or is not
configured correctly.
Matching RF Planning Data
It is important to compare the RF operational characteristics of the site to

the site RF plan.
Compare actual values of RSSI and Tx power to the RF Plan
The actual RSSI keeping in mind that the RSSI displayed initially after the
install may be based on only the QPSK burst (messaging burst between
HT and RTs). Unless this site or another RT is configured for the same
modulation and a service is also configured on the sector, the RSSI is
based on the QPSK burst only (the LCT indicates if the measurement is
taken from a QPSK burst).
When comparing RSSI and Tx power, it is important to remember the
accuracy of the values shown on the LCT, or reported on the EMS is
affected by inherent variables in the system.
These variables include IFL cable loss, HT Tx power, specific ODU RF
characteristics, and environmental conditions at the time (RF Planning
data is usually shown based on clear sky conditions). It is fair to assume if
actual RSSI and RF Planning data are comparable within +/-5dB then
things are ok. If Tx power is within a few dB then it is ok to continue.
Link Balancing
Its a good idea to see if a link is balanced
Balance means that uplink path loss closely match
downlink path loss
A mismatch indicates a problem most likely in cable loss
values, IFL cable or could indicate an ODU problem
Uplink path loss
Downlink path loss
= abs ( RT TX pwr RSSI @ HT )

= abs ( HT Tx pwr RSSI @ RT )
Enhanced LCT Normal Mode

Provides the ability to debug RF issues from the HT LCT
(without EMS access)
LCT Local Configuration must be enabled on the EMS
If enabled, the HT LCT can be used to adjust:
Frequency (Channel)
Clock Source
ODU QPSK Transmit Power
ODU 16-QAM Transmit Power
Target RSSI
When disabled at the EMS, all values return to the EMS

Configuration values
Troubleshooting Bottom Up
Always start looking at the problem from the bottom
up.
For example, if a service has errors you may:
1. Check hardware first IDU, ODU
2. Check physical layer ports, air interface
3. Check services
Troubleshooting General Steps
Look at the following in the order shown:
Current Alarms
Can the site be reached from the EMS?

If not, is it one HT or all?
Alarm Log (Log History)
HT/RT Summary Status
HT/RT Detail Status Look at overall status to see a failure has occurred
HT/RT Air Interface Air Interface must be good before looking at anything
else
HT/RT Port Status Look at interface state, alarm bits, duplex mode, etc as
applicable
HT/RT Port & Service statistics Look at cell/frame counts, ingress & egress
errors, etc.
Use Loopbacks to isolate problems
Current Alarms
Current Alarms
The current alarm screen identifies real time faults in
the system.
Alarm severities range from:
Warning - Blue colored alarm showing details of
potential problems
Minor Yellow colored alarm showing details of
system alarms that do not affect services
Major Orange colored alarm showing details of
system alarms that could affect, or do affect services
Critical Red colored alarm indicating details of
alarms having a major impact on services.
Alarm Types
Communication alarms Result from errors on the
internal or external communication interfaces of the
AB9000 network.
Quality of Service alarms Related to service
connections.
Equipment alarms Result from equipment
hardware or software failures.
Acknowledged and Cleared Alarms

Each operator should track open alarms daily to
monitor the progress of technical personnel
dispatched to clear site faults.
Once an alarm is being worked on it should be
acknowledged.
Admin Note: With multiple operators having the same
privileges, the acknowledged alarm log should be
reviewed by the system administrator to verify that
all cleared alarms had the appropriate attention
provided and fault resolutions implemented.
Topology View - Alarms

Quick Navigation
to debugging
screens: Detail
Status, Alarms,
Summary Status
Link States:
The nodes are colored
according to the highest severity
alarm on that node AND its
children
Green line: Normal

connected state (Summary
Status is ok)
Orange line: Partial NM
connectivity
Red dash line: not connected
The Alarm
Summary shows
ALL alarms from
the selected node,
and below
Current Alarm Screen
The Fault Element is the

element of subcomponent
where the fault actually is
The Reporting
Element is the one
where the alarm
actually came from
Sometimes they are the

same. In this example, the
EMS is reporting that if
cant contact an RT (check
the air link!)
Current Alarms Details Screen
Direct access to:

Configuration
Details Status & Control
Summary Status
Current alarm details lead the operator to the

fault element. These details combined with the
use of status, statistics, and loopbacks help for
quick drill down and fast problem resolution.
Alarms Log
All Alarms are recorded in the Alarm Log to keep a
historical record of Alarms
All Acknowledge and Clears are recorded
Alarm Log can be filtered to provide, for example,
history of a particular service or element
HT and RT Summary Status
Summary Status Hub Terminal

1. Select
the Hub
Operational and
Availability States
show you the
current status
for the HT
2. Press
Read
This shows you if

a redundant HT is
switched in or
switch out
Admin State is the

state configured
on the HT
Configuration
screen
Here you can see the

last time the EMS
received a
heartbeat message
from the HT
Summary Status - Remote Terminal
1. Select the
Hub and
Sector
Operational and
Availability States
show you the
current status
for the RT
2. Press
Read
This shows you if

a redundant RT is
switched in or
switch out
If Adaptive
Modulation is in use,
you can see the
configured and
current modulations
Here you can see the

last time the EMS
received a
heartbeat message
from the RT
By highlighting a row and clicking on the button ( to the right ),

operator can jump and review more detailed data
HT and RT Detail Status
Ping, Trace Route

Access these dialog boxes from HT and RT Detail
... If not,
how far into
the network
can we
reach? Is it
a router or
network
issue?
The screens
are very
useful to
determine if
an HT or RT
is
reachable...
Hub Terminal Detail Status & Control

Hub Terminal can be
reset from the EMS
Hub Terminal can be
switched to the
primary or backup HT
The main tab provides an

overview of current status of
HT components
This is a switched in
Backup HT.
Hub Terminal Detail Status Air Interface

RT Status shows
Modulation...
... and Uplink and

Downlink RSSI and
Tx Power
ODU Type
Entered Cable Loss

values
Channel and
bandwidth
Hub Terminal Detail Status & Control
Current Alarm tab displays all

alarms existing at the HT at this
moment. Probable cause and
additional text would help to
resolve the issue.
Remote Terminal Detail Status & Control
Remote Terminal can be

reset from the EMS
The main tab provides an

overview of current status of
RT components
Remote Terminal Detail Status Air Interface

Current
Modulation
Primary & Backup

HT signal Strength
Remote Terminal
Modulation can be
switched (AM)
Downlink RSSI
and SQI
Tx Power
Air Interface
Air Interface Troubleshooting

Use the HT Air Interface Statistics screen to look at
UPLINK errors
Use RT Air Interface Statistics screen to look at
DOWNLINK errors
Is the problem isolated to a single RT?
If yes, then concentrate on the RT side
Is the problem on some or all RTs in the sector?

If yes, then look at the HT side
Air Link Statistics HT (Uplink)

Solicited Mode =
Real Time
This RT has pre-FEC

uplink errors OK?
Maybe...
Current Recording
Interval
...but it also has

post-FEC errors BAD
Is SQI ok for the

selected
Modulation?
Air Link Statistics RT (Downlink)

Solicited Mode =
Real Time
This RT has pre-FEC

downlink errors OK?
Maybe...
Current Recording
Interval
...but it also has

post-FEC errors BAD
Is SQI ok for the

selected
Modulation?
Air Interface Troubleshooting

Pre-FEC errors are ok as long as they are corrected
Bit Error Count shows pre-FEC errors
Is the link (UPLINK or DOWNLINK) experiencing

post-FEC errors?
Sync Errored Frames and FEC Errored Frames
MUST be zero
Look at SQI (see next slide)
Look at Rx & Tx Levels Do they match the planning
data?
What is SQI?
SQI is Signal Quality Indicator
The value of SQI is derived from the modem. It is a
measure of the received signal with respect to the ideal
or perfect received signal.
Minimum acceptable SQI to get acceptable BER is about:
12 dB for QPSK
18 dB for 16QAM
22 dB for 64-QAM
In clear sky, its possible to see SQI values at the RTs

(downlink) in the mid 20's or more because the HT is
transmitting at high power.
RTs close to the HT will see a stronger signal and will have
better SQI than RTs very far from the HT.
In the uplink, the SQI values (on the HT) won't be as high
as the downlink SQIs because RTs only transmit at a level
high enough to meet the configured target RSSI level.
However, uplink SQI should still be close to or higher
than the baseline numbers above.
Ports and Services
Port States & Status

Check the HT and RT Configuration screens to make
sure ports that have services configured are in
Unlocked state.
Unlocked means that alarms are reported to the
EMS.
Remember, by default, all ports are created as
Locked for test they carry traffic but DO NOT
report alarms
Two kinds of ports:
Physical : E1, DS3, STM-1
Virtual : IMA, HDLC, PPP
Hub Terminal Detail Status DS3 Port
Status of port: Configured vs.

Operational
Is the port Unlocked?
Is the port failed?
Check Alarm bits
Problem on near end
or far end?
STM-1 Port is similar. Look at Alarm bits on the interface.
Remote Terminal Detail Status E1 Port
Loopback status
Status of each port: Configured

vs. Operational
Is the port failed?
Check E1 Alarm bits
Problem on near end
or far end?
Remote Terminal Detail Status LAN Port
This port is Locked for

Test there will be no
alarms reported to the
EMS
Does the speed and

duplex match?
RT IMA Group Status

Dont forget to check virtual ports like IMA groups
IMA Group State &

Status
Individual E1
status
Service States & Status

Check the Service Configuration screens (or service
list screens) to make sure services are in
Unlocked state.
Service states are on top of Port states
Unlocked means that alarms are reported to the
EMS for that service
CES Service Detail Status

If no port number is given
than all circuits configured for
the corresponding SSI will be
shown
HT Side of the service.
RT Side of the service.
LAN Service Detail Status

Select HT side or RT side if
desired. Default is from both
sides.
This service is
Unlocked but Control
Status shows Locked
for Test which means
LAN port is Locked for
Test
Availability State is
FAILED LAN cable
unplugged? We
should have already
caught that before
coming here!
Loopbacks
To help isolate a traffic problem it is
possible to perform various loopbacks from
the EMS.
Note - Enabling any of the loopbacks will affect all
services. Any changes made on the EMS database
require a short time to download to the site. Loopbacks
may require a maintenance window to perform.
Do not to use combinations of loopbacks

simultaneously.
External Port Loopbacks

External port loopbacks are useful to verify physical
connectivity
The administrative state of the port must be Locked
for test to enable a loopback.
External port loopbacks can be applied to the HT or
the RT.
HT Port External
Loop
RT Port
External Loop
External Port Loopbacks E1

If the port supports it, payload loopback can be used
to isolate a problem
First start with External Line and then try External
Payload
External line loopback loops the
incoming data at the line
interface unit.
Tx
IDU
Rx
Set the BERT to internal clock.
External payload loopback loops

the data at the framer
(Structured mode only).
Tx
Rx
Set the BERT to recovered

clock.
F
r
a
m
e
r
IDU
External Port Loopbacks E1 at HT
Tx
Rx
IDU
External Line Loopback

clocking is provided by
the test equipment
connected to that port.
External Port Loopbacks E1 at HT
Tx
Rx
F
r
a
m
e
r
IDU
External Payload Loopback

clocking is provided by the
system. Note that Payload
loopback is only available when
the port is in Structured mode
External Port Loopbacks STM1 at HT
Tx
Rx
IDU
Tx
Rx
IDU
Make sure that

clocking settings are
coordinated with the
test equipment
settings.
Internal Port Loopback

Internal loopback offers the ability to test the quality
and integrity of a round trip service connection
within the AB9000 system.
The loopback can be done at the HT or the RT.
The administrative state of the service must be
locked for test to enable a loopback.
RT Port
Internal Loop
HT Port Internal
Loop
Internal Port Loopback E1 at RT
Internal line loopback at RT port is

sending data back to HT.
Set the BERT to recovered clock.
Tx
Rx
IDU
OAM Test
Use this screen to perform Operations, Administration,

and Management (OAM) testing on a selected ELCI to
verify the integrity of the connection without affecting
traffic on the circuit.
You can click to Start or Stop

the OAM testing
on the selected ELCI
Service Troubleshooting
If the problem is related to a service, make sure that
the configured services on the AIReach system
match the connected equipment
For example:
Are the VP/VCs the same (ATM)?
Are the bandwidths assigned the same (ATM, TDM,
LAN)?
Do MAC address or VLAN ID match (LAN)?
Do the port physical characteristics match?
Framing, coding, etc (TDM)
Scramble mode (ATM)
Duplex setting (LAN)
Is Site Visit Required? - Prerequisites

Questions to ask before going to site:
Can you ping HT or RT from EMS?
Can you ping router at hub site from EMS?
Can you ping the HT Air Interface IP address?
Did I write down the IFL Cable loss values from HT
or RT Configuration screens?
What type of unit is installed on the site?
Do I have the correct spare IDU and ODU?

For example: 16 E1+STM-1+LAN + 26GHz B-Band
Long Term Performance

Monitoring
Status and Performance Screens

Operators should baseline the site status and RF
performance data of Hub and Remote sites during
both clear sky and severe weather conditions.
They should perform a regular review of the Hub and
Remote Air Link performance and check that RF
performance is consistent.
Periodic monitoring of RSSI levels, Tx power, SQI,
pre-FEC & post-FEC errors may help to identify
problems as they develop, and before they become
service affecting.
Statistics
Operators should review HT and RT Air Link
statistics and Service statistics for each sites traffic
bearing service type.
The historic log files can be reviewed by the
operator or planner looking for unusual or
intermittent unexplained RF and service anomalies
that may have occurred during the past.
Statistics can be exported into Excel and plotted
showing trends.
Support Contact
TAC Contact Numbers

Contacting TAC:
Phone:
+1 301 601 7499
E-mail:
aireach_tac@hughes.com
Website
https://customergateway.hns.com/
(Note: Access to customerspecific and
product information is restricted by User ID and PIN.)
Mail:
Hughes Network Systems, LLC

TMD TAC
11717 Exploration Lane
Germantown, MD 20876
TAC Hours of Operation

Normal US business days - Monday though Friday, 8
a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.
TAC engineers are on duty at the Germantown facility.
In the event incoming calls cannot be answered by the
on duty engineer during normal business hours, calls
will automatically forward to an answering service,
and the on duty engineer(s) will be paged.
US observed holidays, weekends, and normal

business days after 5p.m. to 8a.m. EST.
An automated attendant answers the TAC phone, and
through menu selection, a customer can connect
directly to the mobile phone of an on-call engineer.
TAC Hours of Operation (cont.)

In the event the engineers mobile phone is not
available, the caller can page the engineer through the
answering service.
During special customer situations outside of normal
hours, such as, a planned major software load or
system expansion, special assistance may be
requested. To schedule this support contact the
Director of the TAC at least one week in advance of the
planned event.
Every attempt is made to provide an adequate level of
staffing during periods of inclement weather in
Germantown, MD.
CRM Web Interface

Customer Resource Management (CRM) web-based
interface
Customer portal for:
Opening trouble tickets (TAC Cases)

Viewing & Searching TAC Cases
Viewing documentation
Downloading software
TAC Online Login Page

Sign in
You must get a
username and
password from
Hughes TAC
TAC Online Signed On

Site Navigation
Access Case
history, Documents
and other functions
here.
Click on
Documents and
Technical Info
TAC Online Documents By Category

1. Click on
Reports &
Tech Info
2. Click on All
Documents
with Folders
Here you will see a

list of all document
categories available
to you.
Click on a folder to
open it and
navigate down
TAC Online All Available Documents

1. Click on All
Documents
with Folders
You can enter a

search term to
quickly find a
document.
This is a full text
search so it
searches inside
documents too.
Here you will see a
complete list of
documents
available.
TAC Online Report a New Case

1. Click on
BCN Case
Management
2. Click on
Report a
Case
3. Select the Site
Name. Hughes
typically does not
track your site
names, so you
may see only
one entry here.
4. Fill in all of the
required
information and
provide as
much detail as
possible
5. Attach
screen
captures,
database
dumps, logs,
etc.
6. Submit the
case
TAC Online Report a New Case
A new case is
created and TAC is
notified.
Your case number
is shown here.
TAC Online Search for Cases

1. Click on
Case Search
2. Select a
site. You can
select ALL
SITES if you
are not sure of
the site.
3. Other
information is
optional
4. Click
Search
TAC Online Search Results
Click on the
case number
to view the
case
TAC Online Case Overview
Case status is
displayed here
Click here to
show the case
description
details
You can add

notes and
attachments to
the case
anytime
Hughes TAC
updates are
shown here as
well
TAC Online Case Details
Case
description
details
Conclusion
From this course you should:
Understand the distinction between:
Know how to use the LCT to troubleshoot

Know how to use the EMS to troubleshoot
Understand how to contact Hughes TAC for issues
that you cant resolve
Questions?

5 Troubleshooting &amp; Maint

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Hughes Network Systems

AiReach Broadband 9000

1 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Hub and Remote Terminal Site Preparation Guide

All Manuals are online on the EMS and on the EMS

3 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

4 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Before You Start

6 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

For each category above:

7 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

8 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

9 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

10 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Does rectifier have enough current capability?

11 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

SUDs (Start Up Diagnostics)

12 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Wind River Systems, Inc.

CPU: Motorola - PowerPC 8280

13 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Bootp Request Fails

14 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Bootp Request Fails

Verify Network Management Connectivity (next slide)

15 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Verify Network Management Path

Verify LAN cable is connected to LAN port 3 on the 9800 IDU

16 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Verify Network Management Path

Use the LCT to show the status of the E1 Physical link

If you are using ATM in-band management:

17 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Disabled Off Duty

18 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Disabled Off Duty

Check if company firewall or router access list

Use the Status option on the LCT menu to identify

20 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

21 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

This will force the HT configuration files to be

23 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

For DC power does rectifier have enough current

24 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

SUDs (Start Up Diagnostics)

25 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

IDU Hangs After Entering Cable Loss

Enter your choice from the menu

IDU Hangs After Entering Cable Loss

If after inputting IFL cable loss/type information output

27 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Stuck at Frequency Acq in progress

28 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Stays here for a

Stuck at Frequency Acq in progress

29 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Stuck at Frequency Acq in progress

30 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Stuck at Ranging in progress

31 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Stays here for a

Stuck at Ranging in progress

32 Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Install Acq Denied HT#

5 Troubleshooting & Maint

5 Troubleshooting & Maint