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Colonies
Chapter 6
The Middle Colonies
Core Lesson 1
Lesson 1 Objectives:
Describe the founding and
government of New York and
New Jersey.
Explain the roles of William
Penn and Ben Franklin in the
early history of Pennsylvania
and Philadelphia.
Words to know:
proprietor
representative
treaty
Lookat the map on page
189. With your partner,
name the Middle
Colonies.
The Middle Colonies are:
1.Pennsylvania
2.New York
3.New Jersey
4.Delaware
New York and New Jersey
England captured New Netherland in 1664 from
the Dutch. The capital of New Netherland was
New Amsterdam.
They began to settle here.
Given to James, the Duke of York, who was the
King of England’s brother. He became the
proprietor, which meant he could do what he
liked with the land.
◦ Proprietor-a person who owned and controlled all the
land in a colony.
First thing he did was changed its name to New
York.
New Amsterdam had included all of the land
of both New York and New Jersey.
James of York only kept part of the land. The
rest was given to two of his friends, John
Berkeley and George Carteret. But they
still lived in England.
They divided their land into 2 colonies, East
and West Jersey.
The 2 joined in 1702 and became NEW
JERSEY!
The proprietors divided the land to sell or rent
to colonists to farm in order to make money.
Since it was very difficult for them to govern
from England, they decided to choose
governors, who then chose a small group of
people, called a council, to help make
important decisions.
The colonists also elected representatives to an
assembly, who helped the government and
council make laws.
◦ Representative- someone who is chosen to speak and
act for others.
This was a very important step toward self-
government.
Pennsylvania and Delaware
William Penn was a Quaker from England. A Quaker
believes that all Christians should be free to
worship in their own way.
Penn and many others were put in jail for their
beliefs, maybe even killed. Remember, in England,
everyone is supposed to belong to the Church of
England.
Penn had the idea of starting a colony in North
America where all Christians could live together in
peace.
His wish came true in 1681 when the King, who
owed money to his family, repaid them by giving
Penn a piece of land in North America.
He name his land Pennsylvania.
The Duke of York later gave Penn more land,
which belonged to Pennsylvania for awhile, but
later became the colony of Delaware.
Penn made laws in Pennsylvania that allowed
people to be able to voice their opinions and
worship freely.
He also allowed them elect representatives to
an assembly.
The Pennsylvania Assembly had more power
than the New York and New Jersey Assemblies.
They could actually approve and reject laws
that the governor and his council suggested.
Penn respected the Indians and wanted
them all to live as equals.
He made fair treaties with the Lenni Lenape
Indians of Delaware when he bought land
from them.
◦ Treaty-an official agreement between nations or
groups.
Pennsylvania’s colonists and the Indians
lived together in peace for many years.
SPONGE ACTIVITY:
Find the person in the class who has the same
color paper as you.
Go find a spot in the room to sit together.
Take a set of flash cards.
One partner will hold a card to his forehead,
making sure not to look at what is on the card.
The other partner will give him/her clues as to
what their word is without saying the word or
any form of the word.
As soon as the person guesses the word, it is
the partners turn to choose a card.
Continue taking turns until all of the cards have
been used.
Philadelphia
William Penn also planned the colony’s first
large city, Philadelphia.
He chose a site located on the Delaware
River because it set up an excellent harbor
where the Delaware and Shuykill Rivers
met, which made trade very easy.
HE designed wide, straight roads that made
it easy to travel throughout the city.
It became the center of trade, and soon was
the largest city in all of the colonies.
Benjamin Franklin
Philadelphia’s most famous citizen.
HE bought his own printing press and
published a newspaper as well as a
popular book of stories, jokes, and sayings
called “Poor Richard’s Alamanac”
He helped start Philadelphia’s first library,
fire company, and hospital.
He was also a very famous inventor,
inventing things such as the wood stove,
clock, and many other useful things.
Early to bed, early
“
to rise, makes a
man healthy,
wealthy and wise.”
Lesson Review