Demographic

Challenges &
Development Goals
Presented By : Shreekant G Kadam (XMBA
-58)
Sources : Index mundi website
Thesis by Johan Lindn Mlardalen University
Economic & Political Weekly

Introduction
Definition : Demography is the
Scientific Study of Human Population.
Demographic Drivers: Fertility,
Mortality, and Immigration
3 Phenomenon in Demography
Change in population Size Growth
or Decline
Composition of Population
Distribution of population in Space
2

Future population trends in

Asian developing countries - UN

World population will fluctuate around 11

billion in 2200

Increased critically in the period from 1900 to

2010

Expected to reach its peak in 2020s

Age-structure

Fertility rate

World population 1800 2100

3

India
Size: 2,973,190 sq km
Population: 1.27

billion(2014)
Languages: National
Hindi (14 other official
languages)-English enjoys
Associate Status.
Multi Ethnic, Multi
Religious; Pluralistic
Society
Largest Democracy.

India Demographic Details

(2014)
Population
Age structure

1.27 Billion (2014 est.)

0-14 years: 28.5% (male 187,016,401/female

165,048,695), 15-24 years: 18.1% (male
118,696,540/female 105,342,764), 25-54 years: 40.6%

(male 258,202,535/female 243,293,143), 55-64 years: 7%

(male 43,625,668/female 43,175,111),65 years and over:
5.8% (male 34,133,175/female 37,810,599) (2014 est.)
Median age
total: 27 years ,male: 26.4 years , female: 27.7 years (2014
est.)
Population growth 1.25% (2014 est.)
rate
Total fertility rate 2.51 children born/woman (2014 est.)
Birth rate
19.89 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Death rate
7.35 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Net migration rate -0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 31.3% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 2.47% annual rate of change (201015 est.)
NEW DELHI (capital) 22.654 million; Mumbai 19.744 million;
Major cities Kolkata 14.402 million; Chennai 8.784 million; Bangalore
population
8.614 million; Hyderabad 7.837 million (2011)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female ,0-14 years: 1.13
5

Challenges
Economic Challenges
Capital Dilution
Employment and Literacy.
Stressed/Over Utilization of resources.
Starvation & Malnutrition.
Land/Space Occupancy.
Standard of Living

Environmental Challenges

Global Warming

Air Pollution

Water Pollution

Food Resources
6

Development Goals

Investments Generation of employment

Manufacturing
Community, Social and Personal Services
Agriculture
Electricity
Mining & Quarrying
Infrastructure

Skills
o White Collar - Well understood across the World
o Grey Collar The knowledge worker, which includes ICT Skills,
problem solving, analytical and effective communication skills.
o Blue Collar Shop floor work in the manufacturing and service
sector.
o Rust Collar Skilled worker at the grass root level in currently
unorganized and un-benchmarked sectors like Construction,
Agriculture and related trades.
7

To Summarize...
India has the unique opportunity to:
Complement what an ageing world
needs the most -- Productive
Workers.
Provide investment opportunities for
ageing population to earn high
levels
of post retirement income.
8

What we need is a. Thought Shift

We need a thought shift from
employment to employability ; from
providing fish to teaching how to fish.
Our progress will not be worth the trip if
we do not give a majority of our people the
strength and self esteem that comes with a
job .
The Journey has just Begun..

Thank You

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