Group members

Burhan

(2012-GE-16)

Aqib

(2012-GE-03)

Awais

(2012-GE-21)
(2012-GE-18)
(2012-GE-54)
(2012-GE-55)
(2012-GE-56)

Asad

Yasin
Tariq
Shoaib

STANDARDPENETRATION
PENETRATION
STANDARD
TEST
TEST
This test is the most
common used in-situ test,
especially for cohesion less
soils which cannot be easily
sampled. The test is
extremely useful for
determining the relative
density and angle of
shearing resistance of
cohesion less soils. It can
also determine the
unconfined compressive
strength of cohesive soils..

APPARATUS of SPT
1) Tripod stand
2) Standard split-spoon sampler.
It consists of three parts:(a) Driving shoe, about 75 mm long.
(b) Steel tube about 450mm long, split
longitudinally
in two halves having inner
diameter as 38mm & outer diameter as 50mm.
(c) Coupling at the top of the tube about 150 mm
long.
3) Drill rod
4) Drop hammer weighing 63.5kg.

TRIPOD HOIST
TRIPOD
HOIST
The drop hammer is attached to the rope of tripod

hoist. By operating winch the weight is lifted.

The drop hammer is attached to the

rope of tripod hoist. By operating
winch the weight is lifted.

Split spoon sampler

Coupling
150mm long
Driving shoe
75mm long

Split Tube,450mm long

Drop hammer
Hammer with a weight of 63.5kg falling from

a distance of 750mm (30 in)

PROCEDURE of SPT
Standard Penetration Test, SPT, involves driving a
standard thick-walled sample tube into the ground
at the bottom of a borehole by blows from a slide
hammer with standard weight and falling distance.
The sample tube is driven 150 mm into the ground
and then the number of blows needed for the tube
to penetrate each 150 mm (6 in) up to a depth of
450 mm (18 in) is recorded. The sum of the number
of blows required for the second and third 6 in. of
penetration is reported as SPT blow count value,
commonly
termed
"standard
penetration
resistance" or the "N-value

The N-value provides an indication of the

relative density of the subsurface soil, and it is

used in empirical geotechnical correlation to
estimate the approximate shear strength
properties of the soils.

Hammer rod showing

markings @ 150mm

Correlation between SPT-N value and friction

angle and Relative density (Meyerhof 1956)

CORRECTIONS
DILATANCY CORRECTION:- Silty fine sands &
fine sands below the water table develop pore
pressure which is not easily dissipated. The
pore pressure increases the resistance of the
soil & hence the penetration. The following
correction is applied when the observed value
of N exceeds 15. The corrected penetration
number, Nc = 15 + 0.5(Nr-15), where Nr is the
recorded value of N.
If Nr is less than or equal to 15, then Nc = Nr.

Advantages
Relatively quick and simple to perform.
Provides a representative soil sample.
Provides useful index of relative strength and

compressibility of the soil.

Able to penetrate dense layers, gravel, and
fill.
The SPT is an in situ test that reflects soil

density, soil fabric, stress and strain history

effects, and horizontal effective stress

THANK YOU