INTERACTION OF

GENETIC AND
ENVIRONMENT
By
Taufik Rahman, M.D

Host

Agent

Environment

Environment

Infective agent
Chemical agent
Phisical agent
Radiation
Mechanical trauma

Host
Biologycal characteristic
age, sex, racial and herediter
Anatomical of the body
Phisiological of the body
Imunity
Biologycal ability interaction of host and agent
Nutrient status and healthy status
Social characteristic

Causes of the disease

Infective agent
bacterials, viruses, parasite, fungus
Chemical agent
drugs, toxin, colouring subtances,
preservative
Phisical agent
heat, trauma, radiation

Bacterial causes of the human

diseas

Salmonella thyposa
: typhoid fever
Shigella dysenteriae
: dysentri
Vibrio coma
: cholera
Haemophillus influenza
: influenza
M. tuberculosa
: tuberkulosis
Clostridium tetani
: tetanus
N. meningitidis
: meningitis
N. gonorrhoeae
: gonore
T. pallidum
: siphilis
M. leprae
: lepra

Viruses causes of the human

disease
DNA viruses
Herpesviridae
Poxviridae
Papovaviridae

: Herpes
: smallpox
: warts

Viruses causes of the human

disease
RNA viruses
Orthomyxoviridae
Rhabdoviridae
Hepatitis virus
Retrovirus
Picornaviridae
Togaviridae
Arenaviridae

: influenza
: rabies
: hepatitis
: AIDS
: poliomielitis
: yellow fever, encephalitis
: Meningitis

Parasite causes of human disease

Worm : ascaris lumbricoides
Enterobius vermecularis
Ancylostoma duodenale
taenia saginata/ taenia soleum
Trichuis trichiura
Brugia malayi
Plasmodium : malariae, vivax, ovale,
falciparum

Fungus causes of human disease

Malassezia furfur
: pitiriasis versikolor
Aspergillus
: otomikosis
Rhizopus
: otomikosis
Piedra hortai
: black piedra
Piedra beigelli
: white piedra
Candida
: kandidosis
Microsporum, Trichopyton : Tinea
Misetoma
: maduromikosis

Chemical agent
Arsen
Bismuth

: bone necrosis
: ginggivostomatitis

Genetical diorders

Single gene disorder

Autosomal dominant
Autosomal resessive
X-linked dominant
X-linked resessive
Mitochondrial

Multifactorial or
complex gene disorder

Autosomal dominant
Huntington disease
Neurofibromatosis
Marfan sindrome

Huntington disorder

Marfan disorder

Autosomal resessive
Cystic fibrosis
Sickle-cell disease
Tay-Sachs disease

Cystic fibrosis

Sickle Cell disease

X-linked dominant

Klinefelter syndrome
Rete syndrome
Incontinentia pigmenti type 2
Aicardi syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome

Aicardi syndrome

X-linked resessive
Hemophilia A
Duchenne Muscular dystrophy
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

Hemophilia A

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Multifactorial/complex gene
disorder

Astma
Autism
Multiple sclerosis
Cancer
Cleft palate
Diabetes
Irritabel Bowel disease
Hypertension

Any question
please