Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
para EMISII
Arquitectura CRM
ndice
01
02
Introduccin protocolos de
comunicacin de Telefona
03
Conexin GSM
Conexin SIP
Sistemas de Gestin
Servidores Externos
Elementos
ClientView
Profiles
Elementos Externos
ISUP
Routing
06
Core 1
Core 2
Cores maqueta
Configuracin
05
02
05
04
Configuracin
Anlisis de Routing
ndice
Anlisis de llamadas
07
Eventos
Logs del GCEMS
Seguimiento de una llamada
Anlisis de Logs
Trazas desde sniffer
CDRs
08
Arquitectura de CDRs
Tratamiento de CDRs
Supervisin y Mantenimiento
09
10
SNMP
BackUp
11
01
Introduccin a los
protocolos de comunicacin
de telefona
01
Protocolos de Comunicaciones
ISDN
ISUP
Link, linkset y routes
VoIP
SIP
01
Protocolos de Comunicaciones
ISUP
Q.761 a Q.767
Sealizacin y Voz separados
Se aprovechan mejor los recursos
Mas eficiente en cuanto a redes y errores
01
Protocolos de Comunicaciones
ISUP
Establecimiento de llamada: IAM, ACM, ANM, INF
Informacin de usuario: USR
Liberacin de llamada: REL, RLC
01
01
Protocolos de Comunicaciones
SIP
Protocolo de VoIP
RFC 3261
Parte de sealizacin (rtp voz)
Mensajes
01
10
01
11
01
12
02
13
02
14
02
Presentacin de IMG
IMG CLASE, CLASE IMG
15
02
Presentacin de IMG
Parte Posterior
TELEPHONY INTERFACES:
TDM:
Bearer Spans - 32 T1 interfaces that are scalable through licensing from 4 to 32 T1 spans (28 Bearer Interfaces + 4
Signaling/Timing Interfaces)
Bearer Spans - 24 E1 interfaces that are scalable through licensing from 3 to 24 E1 spans (20 Bearer Interfaces + 4
Signaling/Timing) Interfaces -or- (21 Bearer + 3 Signaling/Timing)
Bearer Spans - DS3 interface + 4 T1 interfaces (DS3 Interface + 4 Signaling/Timing Interfaces)
CTRL 0 and 1 - (2) Fast Ethernet for Network Management or VoIP signaling ---> 10/100 Mbit/sec
DATA 0 and 1 - (2) Gig-Ethernet for VoIP RTP and Signaling --> 10/100/1000 Mbit/sec
SIG 0 and 1 - (2) Fast Ethernet for VoIP signaling (SIP and H.323) --> 10/100 Mbit/sec
16
Caractersticas y diferenciacin
02
1
Features
Benefits
Reduccin de costes
Hasta 24 E1s en 1U
Agrupacin de protocolos simultneos
Gestin centralizada
Optimizacin de trfico
Logs centralizados
Alta fiabilidad
17
03
Arquitectura IMGs
para EMISII
18
03
19
03
Arquitectura IMGs
Hardware
2 IMGs por site (Albniz, Concepcin, San Ignacio y Java)
1 Sistemas de Gestin (GCEMS) por site
Conexiones SM
PSTN
Albniz
16
16
Concepcin
16
16
San Ignacio
16
16
Java
16
16
20
03
Arquitectura IMGs
21
04
Conexiones
IMGs a SMs (proxies)
22
04
Conexiones
Core 1 SM Albniz, SM Concepcin y SM San Ignacio
Core 2 SM Albniz, SM San Ignacio y SM Java
Core MQ SM DT core1 y SM DT core2 independientes
CORE 1
Proxy1
proxy2
proxy3
SM core1 Albniz
SM core1 Concepcin
Concepcin
SM core1 Concepcin
SM core1 Albniz
San Ignacio
SM core1 Concepcin
SM core1 Albniz
Java
SM core1 Albniz
SM core1 Concepcin
Proxy1
proxy2
proxy3
Albniz
SM core2 Albniz
Concepcin
SM core2 Albniz
San Ignacio
SM core2 Albniz
SM core2 Albniz
Albniz
CORE 2
Java
23
04
Funcionamiento
La llamada llega a IMG desde una trama ISUP y la saca por SIP
La numeracin de entrada elige core 1 core 2
Se intenta con el SM proxy1 del core al que corresponda
Dependiendo de la respuesta de error:
Reintenta al siguiente SM
Devuelve la traduccin del cdigo SIP a causa de liberacin ISDN segn tabla
http://www.dialogic.com/webhelp/IMG1010/10.5.3/WebHelp/general_reference/def_sip-ss7_cc.htm
Anexo: Mapping de Causa de liberacin ISUP-SIP y SIP-ISUP
24
04
Funcionamiento
25
05
Configuracin
26
05
Elementos de la Configuracin
Tarjetas SD
IMG
F5
GCEMS
ConnManager
Servicio FTP
GateManager
DataManager
ClientView
27
05
Configuracin
Acceso a la Configuracin
28
05
Configuracin
29
05
Configuracin
30
05
31
05
32
05
33
05
Configuracin
ClientView
Es la aplicacin para Configurar y Monitorizar los IMGs
Versin actual: 10.5.3.258 (consistente con versiones de IMGs)
Datos de conexin:
FALBGCEMS
VCONGCEMS
VSIGGCEMS
FJAVGCEMS
GCEMS port
10.47.115.132
10.66.54.192
10.68.15.212
10.68.24.232
2624. [abiertos FW icmp, 21,22, 2624, 5900 a 5905]
Roles
Administrador
AdminCRM
Administrador
Config
ConfigCRM
Capacidad de configurar
Provision provision
Capacidad de activar y desactivar elementos
Monitor
monitor/cenages Monitorizacin, alarmas y snmp
34
05
Configuracin - ClientView
Profiles
SIP
ISDN
ISUP
rtp
External Elements
External GW proxies*
Radius
Snmp
IMGs
Logicos
Fsicos
Routing Configuration
Channel Group
Routing Tables
Route List
Incoming Translation Table
Ougoing Translation Table
Cause Codes Tables
35
05
Configuracin - ClientView
36
05
Configuracin Profiles
SS7
ISDN
rtp
SIP
Se propaga el ANI en todas las iteraciones
Soporta UUI y mtodo REFER
IP, port (5060), UDP Mensaje de Red
Euro ISDN E1s con CRC off, impedancia 120ohm (ITU G.703)
37
05
Configuracin -- Profiles
38
05
Configuracin Profiles
39
05
Configuracin Profiles
40
05
Radius Server
Otros:
IP, port
Se pueden configurar varios servidores
41
05
Configuracin IMG
Info General
IP Network
SNMP Agent
Radius Client
Otros:
Telnet, FTP, TimeZone
42
05
Configuracin IMGs
Facility
VoIP resource
IP y Starting rtp port (8000/11072) (4) y nmero de canales (384=24*32)
Bearer spans
21 Interfaces para Bearer! El ltimo no funciona!!!
ISDN desde el 0 en adelante, ISUP desde el 19 hacia atrs.
Indica el estado de las tramas a nivel 1 y 2 *IMPORTANTE*
Signaling Spans
4 Interfaces para Signaling
Se pueden utilizar como Bearer
Signaling
Call Tracing
43
05
Configuracin IMGs
44
05
ISUP
45
06
Routing
46
06
Routing
47
06
Routing
48
06
Routing
Route Lists
49
06
Routing
50
06
Routing
Channel Group
Es el punto de entrada del routing *IMPORTANTE*
Principales parmetros comunes
E1s
Se indica el IMG y el Bearer
Se configura el nivel 3 de las tramas: ISDN ISUP (OPC, DPC, CICs, etc)
SIP
Se configura el IP GW que ser el discriminador *IMPORTANTE*
Arquitectura Tecnolgica CRM
Jos Manuel Arredondo
51
06
Routing
52
06
Routing
Routing Tables
Corazn del enrutamiento
Decide donde enrutar cada marcacin
En base al origen (TDM o SIP)
En base a la marcacin
PLMN_ISUP to SIP
ISUP to SIP
PLMN_ISDN to SIP
ISDN to SIP
SIP to TDM
Salida directa a la calle: 99205
Salida servicio de nmero aleatorio 499
53
06
ISDN to SIP
Entrada
CDEFGGGG
Core
CD Tipo de destino
Salida
--
long = 8
Core 1+Core2
CDEFGGGG
10 = 8 dgitos Core 1
Core 1
0DEFGGGG
20 = 8 dgitos Core 2
Core 2
0DEFGGGG
Core 1+Core2
DEFGGGG
1D = 7 dgitos Core 1
Core 1
DEFGGGG
2D = 7 dgitos Core 2
Core 2
DEFGGGG
Core 1+Core2
4D = Libre
5D = 8 dgitos a Maqueta
Maq. C2+C1
0DEFGGGG
6D = 419 + 6 a Maqueta
Maq. C2+C1
419EFGGGG
Maq Core 2
DEFGGGG
Maq Core 1
DEFGGGG
54
419EFGGGG
06
55
06
Salida Directa
Marcacin equipo
cliente
Marcacin Red PSTN
99205XYRR+[ANI9]
[ANI9]
99205+[ANI9]
long =
18
long = 9
long =
14
Marcacin equipo
cliente
Marcacin PSTN
long =
499XYASSS+[ANI9]
18
No Aplica
Numbering Plan
INN Indicador
Originating
Number
Nature of Address
Numbering Plan
de Salida a Red
003 National Number
001 ISDN Telephony
No translation
003 National Number
001 ISDN Telephony
Ordinary Callong
010 Suscriber
000 Number is Complete
Presentation Indicator(PI)
SI/PI pryority
Disable
56
06
57
06
Routing
58
07
Anlisis de Llamadas
y LOGs
59
07
LOGs Eventos
EventView
Se accede desde ClientView
Se ven los eventos que se producen en la plataforma en RT e Histrico
Se pueden exportar las alarmas a un fichero de texto
Se pueden filtrar por
Numero de horas o nmero de eventos
Severidad: Info, minor, mayor
Entity: General, card, span, channel, LLC, HW, PPL, Nodo, Signaling SS7, system,
facility, redundancy, host
Se organiza lo que hay en el fichero /opt/dialogic/common/log/EventLog.cvs
60
07
LOGs - EventsView
61
07
AdminMgr.log
Guarda eventos de log-in y log-off
EventLog_[pid].csv
Proc DataManager: Tiene el mismo contenido que lo que se ve en el EventView
Socket_[pid].log
Proc Connmanager: Tiene datos entre los IMGs y el GCEMS (hexa)
Alarm_[pid].log
Proc: GateManager. Tiene las alarmas de cuando se configuran elementos
StartGCEMS.excelsw.log
Logs de arranque del GCEMS
StopGCEMS.excelsw.log
Logs de parada del GCEMS
Maintenance_proc_[pid].log
XMLClient_x_[pid]_[CID].log
62
07
AdminMgr.log
Guarda eventos de log-in y log-off
EventLog_[pid].csv
Proc DataManager: Tiene el mismo contenido que lo que se ve en el EventView
Socket_[pid].log
Proc Connmanager: Tiene datos entre los IMGs y el GCEMS (hexa)
63
07
Anlisis de llamadas
64
07
Anlisis de llamadas
Capas o Niveles
Description
Routing / Translation
SS7
Routing
ISDN
Description
Signaling System 7
Integrated Services Digital Network
MEDIA
DSP resources
SIP
FACPFC
VoIP resources
H.323
H.225
H.245
RAS
65
07
66
07
Traslacin de Salida=
Numeracin de Entrada=
Traslacin de Salida=
Resultado=
Reattempt
67
06
Routing
68
07
Check IP
creado un script para comprobar las direcciones IP de todos los
Hemos
elementos de IMGs
Directorio GCEMS:
Ejecutable:
/home/excelsw/Scripts/02_TestPing
./TestPing.sh
Realiza un ping a las IPs de todos los IMGs de los 4 CPDs, lo realiza a todas
las IPs: Gestin, SIP y 2 de rtp (4 por site)
Si uno de los ping falla marcamos esa IP como [KO]
El script est en todos los GCEMSs
69
07
Check IP
la tarjeta
SIPPorque
de nuestro
GCEMS Local no
responde y rtp si ?
70
07
Check IP
IMGs son atacados por los GCEMSs que estn en el mismo segmento de
Los
red
zNet>r
ROUTENETTABLE
destinationgatewayflagsRefcntUseInterface
0.0.0.010.31.42.133619971320375xlnull0
10.31.42.010.31.42.23355468900xlnull0
10.68.8.16910.68.15.254335544351752mgi0
10.68.14.010.68.14.2303355468950mgi0
10.68.220.010.68.220.623355468930mgi2
10.68.222.5110.68.15.25433554435018972mgi0
192.168.180.6010.68.15.254335544350245mgi0
IMGs tienen rutas estticas para utilizar las IPs de Gestin con todos los
Los
External Network Element
zNet>R
StaticRouteTable:
DestinationIP>GatewayIPRefCount
[0]10.68.222.51>10.68.15.2541
[1]10.68.8.169>10.68.15.2541
[2]192.168.180.60>10.68.15.2541
71
08
CDRs
72
08
CDRs
Generalidades
Cada IMG enva los CDRs directamente.
Documentacin completa de los campos de los CDRs http://
www.dialogic.com/webhelp/IMG1010/10.5.3/WebHelp/img.htm#description/img/img_specs.htm
73
08
CDRs
Arquitectura
IMG SRV CDR
IMG Albniz
ra
diu
s
MySql
radiu
s
IMG Concepcin
cdr_imgaaaammdd
servidor RADIUS
s
radiu
10008
tratar CDRs
IMG San Ignacio
ius
rad
CDR_aaaammdd.log
VssAlbaaaammdd.txt
VssAlbaaaammdd.txt
IMG Java
74
08
CDRs
Call Flow Bsica con envo de CDR
75
08
CDRs
Contenido de los CDRs
76
CDRs
08
SIP2SIP:
http://www.dialogic.com/webhelp/IMG1010/10.5.0_ER2/WebHelp/Description/RADIUS/rad_cdr_sip-sip-proxy.htm
H.323 to SS7:
http://www.dialogic.com/webhelp/IMG1010/10.5.0_ER2/WebHelp/Description/RADIUS/radius-cdr_h323-ss7.htm
SIP to ISDN:
http://www.dialogic.com/webhelp/IMG1010/10.5.0_ER2/WebHelp/Description/RADIUS/radius-cdr_sip-isdn.htm
SS7 to SIP:
http://www.dialogic.com/webhelp/IMG1010/10.5.0_ER2/WebHelp/Description/RADIUS/RADIUS_CDR_Example__SS7-to-SIP.htm
77
08
snmp
78
08
Snmp - Arquitectura
CENAGES
CALLWARE
alarmas
CGEMS Albniz
IMG Albniz
Event View
alarmas
Relay
CGEMS Concepcin
Omega
Event View
IMG Concepcin
alarmas
alarmas
CGEMS Java
Event View
IMG Java
79
Relay
08
Snmp traps
SNMP Manager
Id 1.2.3.4
imgsnmp
SNMP Agents
Se elige el interfaz por donde se envan los traps al SNMP Manager
Debe tener el mismo id: 1.2.3.4
Indica datos sobre el origen del trap (Location/snmp system name)
80
08
Snmp Configuracin
81
08
Snmp traps
SNMPIndexDescription.txt
Alarm Model
Description:
Ethernet Link Failure
System Busy
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.2.3
Condition
System Busy Warning 1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.3.3
System Memory Low
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.4.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.5.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.6.3
Remote ISUP
Unavailable
SS7 Signaling Stack
Busy
Signaling Link
Congestion
Radius Server No
Access
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.7.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.8.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.9.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.6.10.
3
08
Index
State
Alarm Description
Number Number
1
3
Ethernet Link Failure
2
System Busy
Condition
Data / Troubleshooting
Alarm is sent if any ethernet port loses connection and alarm is cleared when connection is re-established.
Trace the network cable between the port and the remote ethernet switch. Replace ethernet cable or connector as necessary.
The system ignores any incoming calls until the alarm is cleared. By Ignoring incoming calls the traffic load decreases and
eventually the alarm will clear.
Ensure that System Busy Warning messages are no longer seen. Return traffic to normal levels and resume normal operation.
System Busy Warning This notification indicates that the traffic volume is approaching its capacity. This message is only a warning. It does not mean a
System Busy condition will occur. The System Busy Warning does not have a clearing Alarm. It continues to occur every few
seconds, until the CPU utilization reduces. The System Busy Warning messages can be between 2 and 20 seconds apart,
depending on system load.
The CPU has exceeded the "System Busy Warning" threshold. This condition can happen due to traffic congestion or by having
Debug printing enabled.
When a System Busy Warning is generated, the user should reduce the number of new calls until the System Busy Warning
messages cease. Whenever possible, ramp call rates up slowly and evenly to prevent an initial System Busy. Do not reconfigure, and do not enable additional diagnostics.
4
3
System Memory Low System memory has dropped below the minimum level of performance. When the system is in this condition, it is also in a
System Busy condition and will send a System Busy Alarm to the host.
Check for other error messages that would indicate a network or system condition leading to this problem.
5
3
NFS Minor traffic
NFS Traffic Minor Threshold Alarm
6
3
NFS Major traffic
NFS Traffic Threshold Major Alarm
7
3
SS7 Remote ISUP
The address information represents the SS7 stack and Destination Point Code (DPC).
Check the status of the Links and see if they are 'in service'. If they are not 'in service', attempt to determine why the links are
Out Of Service. Verify they are marked 'in service' from a host perspective.
Check the status of layer 1, the T1/E1 span. On the span also check for any slips or framing errors.
8
3
SS7 Signaling Stack
Decrease the ISDN/SS7 load. Consult Dialogic Customer Technical Support.
Busy Congestion
9
3
SS7 Signaling Link
When a link is congested, the IMG sends this alarm to the host.
Congestion
If the system has not decreased a call to this DPC and this symptom persists, check the network engineering plan to possibly
create another link in the link set.
10
3
Radius Server No
This alarm is sent when the IMG is not able to access the radius server.
Access
Check that the IP address of the Radius server is correct.
Check that the Radius server is accessible and the service is running.
11
3
Card Approaching
This alarm is sent when the IMG E1/T1, SS7, ISDN, SIP, or H.323 systems start to become busy.
Busy
No action required at this time. If load continues, subsequent alarms and recovery action will be initiated.
12
3
Card Busy
This alarm is sent when the IMG E1/T1, SS7, ISDN, SIP, or H.323 systems become busy.
If the system has not decreased call load and this symptom persists, check network engineering for proper load balancing.
13
3
Span Dead
This alarm is generated when the IMG detects a carrier group alarm for more than the allowed time. Either the clock source was
lost or the physical connection to the network was broken.
Check that the physical connection has not been compromised.
Arquitectura Tecnolgica CRM
Check that a loop timing source has been configured.
83
14 Manuel
3 Arredondo
VMOD OOS
This alarm is sent when a VoIP module becomes inaccessible. Contact Dialogic support for assistance.
Jos
15
3
VMOD Dead
This alarm is sent when a VoIP module becomes inaccessible. Contact Dialogic support for assistance.
3
08
TIPO DE ALARMA
MODELO DE ALARMA
OID
REPETICION
Abrir iGRI
(SI/NO)
SEVERIDAD (0..3)
NRepeteciones
Corto
alarmActiveState /
alarmClearState
Ethernet Link Failure
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.0.2 /
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.0.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.1.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.2.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.3.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.4.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.5.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.6.3
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.11.3
Busy
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.12.3
Span Dead
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.13.3
VMOD OOS
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.14.3
VMOD Dead
1.3.6.1.2.1.118.1.1.2.15.3
dsx1LineStatusChange
coldStart
linkDown
linkUp
warmStart
1.3.6.1.2.1.10.18.15.0.1
1dsx1NoAlarm
2dsx1RcvFarEndLOF
4dsx1XmtFarEndLOF
8dsx1RcvAIS
16dsx1XmtAIS
32dsx1LossOfFrame
64dsx1LossOfSignal
128dsx1LoopbackState
256dsx1T16AIS
512dsx1RcvFarEndLOMF
1024dsx1XmtFarEndLOMF
2048dsx1RcvTestCode
4096dsx1OtherFailure
8192dsx1UnavailSigState
16384dsx1NetEquipOOS
32768dsx1RcvPayloadAIS
65536dsx1Ds2PerfThreshold
1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.1
1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3
1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.4
1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.2
84
Periodo corto
NRepeteciones
NRepeteciones
Largo
Periodo Largo Muy Largo
Periodo Muy Largo
PERSISTENCIA
EVALUACION
FABRICANTE
VALIDACION TdE
COMENTARIOS
10
Back Up
85
10
Back Up
Generacin de equipo y SO
Instalacin de GCEMS
Configuracin de GCEMS
86
10
Servidor Fsico
SO
Configuracin de SO
No hay requerimientos mnimos, solo que pueda correr RH 5.5 y HHD 240 Gb,
VM Hosts
VMWare Server 2.0.2+ and ESX(i) 3.5U5+
Operating System
Red Hat Linux Enterprise 5.1 x86 RAM 2 GB, HDD - 40 GB, Two Network Interface
Hardware Compatibility List:
http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility/search.php
VMWare Server 2.0 User Guide
http://www.vmware.com/pdf/vmserver2.pdf
Anexo:1.www.dialogic.comwebhelpIMG101010.5.3WebHelpproceduresinstallov_sw_install_3010-14_v2.htm.docx
Web: https://www.dialogic.com/webhelp/IMG1010/10.5.3/WebHelp/img.htm
87
10
Instalacin de SW de GCEMS
SO
Configuracin de SO
No hay requerimientos mnimos, solo que pueda correr RH 5.5 y HHD 240 Gb,
Excelsw
nfs, vnc server, ftp, snmpd y ntp
X Windows Systems, Gnome Desktop Environment y Kde Desktop Environment
Anexo:1.www.dialogic.comwebhelpIMG101010.5.3WebHelpproceduresinstallov_sw_install_3010-14_v2.htm.docx
Web: https://www.dialogic.com/webhelp/IMG1010/10.5.3/WebHelp/img.htm
88
10
FTP de BackUp
Cargar Configuracin
/etc/hosts
/opt/dialogic/common/config
/opt/dialogic/common/import_export
/opt/dialogic/common/license
Parar GCEMS
/opt/dialogic/IMG/GateControlEMS/bin/StopGCEMS
Copiar directorio y subdirectorios /opt/dialogic/common/config
Arrancar GCEMS
/opt/dialogic/IMG/GateControlEMS/bin/StartGCEMS
Seleccionar opcin 2 (no cargar nueva configuracin)
Idem que caso anterior pero dejar en el directorio solo el fichero .csa
Hay que cargar la configuracin desde ClientView para que surja efecto.
Tarda unos minutos en los que no dan servicio los IMGs
Comprobar que las routing tables estn cargadas, sino cargarlas del dir import_export
89
11
Casos Prcticos
90
11
Casos Prcticos
Comunication Manager
AAEP
NSCRM
Llamada Directa con cambio de nmero A
Servicio de cambio de nmero A
91
11
Casos Prcticos
Comunication Manager
AAEP
NSCRM
Llamada Directa con cambio de nmero A
Servicio de cambio de nmero A
92
12
Anexos
93
11
Traslacin de Salida=
Numeracin de Entrada=
Traslacin de Salida=
Resultado=
Reattempt
94
11
Anexo II Routing
95
11
96
97