SIMULATION AND SPEED CONTROL OF

3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR USING

V/F CONTROL

PROJECT GUIDE :Ms. NALINI DEVI

Asst. Professor

PRESENTED BY:MD. MOIN PASHA

SATISH PUPPALA
A. RAJU

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF AC

DRIVES COMPARE TO DC DRIVES
ADVANTAGES

For the same

rating, ac motors
are lighter in weight
as compared to dc
motors.
AC motors require
low maintenance.
AC motors are
less expensive.
AC motors can
work in dangerous
areas like chemical,

DISADVANTAGES

Power
converters for the
control of ac
motors are more
complex.
Power converter
for ac drives are
more expensive.
Power
converters for ac
drives generate
harmonics in the
supply system

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Induction motors with squirrel cage rotors
are the workhorse of industry because of
their low cost and rugged construction.
When Squirrel cage induction machine is
operated directly from the line voltages(60
Hz/50 Hz essentially constant voltage) an
Induction motor is operated at constant
speed. However in the industry we required
to vary the speed of an Induction motor.
This can be done by Induction motor drives.

MAIN APPLICATION OF INDUCTION MOTOR

DRIVES:

Fans
Compressor
Pumps
Blowers
Cranes
Machine

tools like lathe, drilling

machine, lifts, conveyer belts etc.

METHODS OF SPEED CONTROL OF

INDUCTION MOTORS

Pole Changing
Stator voltage Control
Stator Frequency Control
Stator Current Control
V/F Control
Rotor EMF Injection Method

SIGNIFICANCE:PURPOSE OF V/F METHOD:Whenever three phase supply is given to

three phase
induction motorrotating
magnetic fieldis produced which rotates at
synchronous speed given by

Inthree phase induction motor, EMF is

induced by induction similar to that of
transformer which is given by
Eph =
Eph /f
4.44fTphkw
6

FREQUENCY CONTROL
FOR SPEEDS BELOW RATED:Nr=Ns(1-S)
Nr=120f/p(1-S)
Nr f
N< Nrated
f (voltage = constant) Eph /f
1/f
Both Stator and Rotor Core Saturates
iron loses
magnetising Current (Iu)
power factor (cos)
As magnetising curent increases the over all current
component increases i.e., I
Copper Losses increases
Efficiency decreases
Life of the Motor Decreases

FOR SPEEDS BELOW RATED:-

Nr=Ns(1-S)
Nr=120f/p(1-S)
Nr f
N< Nrated
f (voltage = constant) Eph /f
1/f
Torque equation given by

Stating Torque is given by

Both maximum Toque and Stating Torque are

Decreased by increase in supply frequency
8

In

order to over come the above

disadvantages, the air gap flux() has
to be maintained constant.
To maintain to be constant, then V/F
ratio has to be maintained constant.
Whenever f is changed ,
proportionally voltage has to be
changed to maintain V/F ratio
constant.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

10

COMPONENTS:3-

supply
3- Rectifier
Capacitor
3- Inverter
Asynchronous Machine
PWM Generator

11

PWM Generator

12

The

modulation indexis defined

as
ma=Vc/ Vcar
where,
Vc= peak magnitude of
control signal (modulating sine
wave).
Vcar= peak magnitude of
carrier signal (triangular signal).
13

INVERTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE

14

INVERTER OUTPUT CURRENT

15

INVERTER OUTPUT CURRENT

16

ROTOR SPEED AND TORQUE

17

THE VARIOUS ADVANTAGES OF V/F

CONTROL ARE AS FOLLOWS:It provides good range of speed.
It gives good running and transient
performance.
It has low starting current requirement.
It has a wider stable operating region.
Voltage and frequencies reach rated
values at base speed.
The acceleration can be controlled by
controlling the rate of change of supply
frequency.
It is cheap and easy to implement.

18

CONCLUSION:
Open-loop

V/f Control was

implemented using MATLAB and it was
observed that by varying the supply
frequency and terminal voltage such
that the V/f ratio remains the same,
the flux produced by the stator
remained constant. As a result, the
maximum torque of the motor
remained constant across the speed
range.
19

REFERENCES:
[1].

Dr. P.S. Bimbhra, Electrical Machinery,

7th Edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi,
2010.
[2]. Gopal K. Dubey, Fundamentals of
Electrical Drives, 2nd Edition, Narosa
Publishing House, New Delhi, 2011.
[3]. M.C. Trigg and C.V. Nayar, Matlab
Simulink Modelling of a Single-Phase Voltage
Controlled Voltage Source Inverter, Dept. of
Electrical Engineering, Curtin University of
Technology.
[4]. M Harsha Vardhan Reddy and V.
Jegathesan, Open loop V/f Control of
Induction Motor based on hybrid PWM with 20