Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
International culture
Introduction
Culture: the sum total of the beliefs,
rules, techniques, institutions and artifacts
that characterize human populations or
the collective programming of the mind.
Elements of culture
Table 5.1
Language
Language is critical to culture because it is
the primary means used to transmit
information and ideas.
Knowledge of local language can:
permit a clearer understanding of a
situation;
provide access to local people;
allows the person to pick up expression,
implied meanings, and other information
that is not stated outright.(completely)
Religion
Religions influence lifestyles, beliefs, values
and attitudes and can have a dramatic
effect on the way people in a society act
toward each other and towards those in
other societies.
Religion also influences:
the work habits of people;
the work and social customs (from the
days of the week on which people work
to their dietary habits);
politics and business.
Cultural Values
Enduring beliefs about a specific
mode of conduct or desirable endstate
Guide the selection or evaluation
of behavior
Are ordered by importance in
relation to one another to form a
system of value priorities
Cultural Norms
Norms are derived from values
and defined as rules that dictate
what is right or wrong, acceptable or
unacceptable
Imperative
What an outsider must or must not do
Exclusive
What locals may do but an outsider cannot
National/Regional Character
Time Orientation
Business Hours
Gift Giving
Socializing
Gender Roles
Status Concern and
Materialism
Other for example, access
(transportation by bicycle,
personal automobile, public
transportation
Corporate culture
Corporate culture is a term used to
characterize, how the managers and employees
of particular companies tend to behave.
Corporate culture is also used by human
resource managers and senior management in
their attempts to proactively shape the kind of
behaviour (innovative, open, dynamic,
etc.) they hope to nurture in their organizations.
Promoting a distinctive corporate culture is also
expected to enhance the sense of community
and shared identity that underpins effective
organizations.
Influences of culture
on international management
Culture influences strategic management in a number of
ways:
Work attitudes
for example, work ethics, organization commitment,
etc.
Achievement motivation
the desire to accomplish objectives and achieve
success.
Time and future
for example: punctuality, decision-making time
constraints, time expectations on implementation of
plans, etc.
Ethics
Figure 5.1
Figure 5.2
Cross-cultural management
Figure 5.4