CCTV Digital Basics

Unit 4 Network Addresses

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Objectives

After completing this unit, you will be able to:

Define the different types of network addresses
Describe how IP addresses are defined and grouped for
usage
Describe subnets and their function
Define DNS and its function
Describe multicasting and how it can be used for CCTV
Describe the function of firewalls

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

MAC addresses

Media Access Control (MAC) address

Network devices and peripheral components have
adaptor boards (NIC) to connect to the network
A hardware component address associated to NIC
A unique 12 digit hexadecimal number
Usually stays fixed to that component (like a name)
Assigned by manufacturer
First six places identify the manufacturer
00:A0:C9:A1:34:12
The prefix 00A0C9 indicates Intel Corporation

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

IP addresses

Internet Protocol (IP) address

A unique number that identifies that component on
the network
The mailing software address on the network for
that component
Assigned by the network administrator (static) or
randomly assigned (dynamic) at logon time
Dotted-decimal notation 32 bit address in four 8
bit fields. Each field is called an octet
Octets

122.126.10.9

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

IP addresses

Static addresses Set up and assigned by network

administrator. Fixed to device

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

IP addresses

Dynamic addresses Randomly assigned address

each time component connects to the network.

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

IP address standards

Two level IP address identification hierarchy.

First part identifies the network address
Second part identifies the specific host (device, or
node) on the network
This dividing line will be different for different
classes (sizes) of network systems
Two tier IP address hierarchy
Network domain identifier

Network host (device) identifier

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

IP address classes
Two level IP hierarchy for different network classes
Class A Large networks with many devices
Network identifier

Host (device)
identifier

122.126.110.109

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

IP address classes
Two level IP hierarchy for different network classes
Class B Medium sized networks
Network identifier

Host (device)
identifier

128.126.110.109

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

IP address classes
Two level IP hierarchy for different network classes
Class C Small sized networks (< 254 devices)
Network identifier

Host (device)
identifier

193.126.110.109

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Subnet addresses
Allows organizations with multiple network sites or
extensive internal networks to create their own
internal (subnet) IP network addresses
The subnet addresses are not visible outside the
private network system
Allows the organization to add to or segment their
internal network (LAN) without impacting external
IP address interface
Subnet mask is part of the IP address (value 255)
2 level IP
address

Network
Number

Host

Number

3 level IP subnet
mask address

Network
Number

Subnet
Number

Host Number

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Subnet addresses

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Domain Naming System (DNS)

Network sites can have names (URLs) for identification

Domain names (such as bosch.com) can be used to
identify networks
The URL names correlates to an IP number address
DNS database system allows you to use either IP
number or a URL name for network connection

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Multicasting

The method of distributing the data packets out to the

network
The data is copied by the network and sent to
specific nodes (IP addresses)
Only those nodes identified receive the information
The number of receivers (video viewers) has no
impact on network load
Requires:
Level 3 network switch on the network
Class D multicasting IP address
IP addresses for all receiving nodes

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Multicasting

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Unicasting

Separate data packets are distributed to each node

within the designated group.
Separate data packets are sent to each node
Can overload a network if the files are large and/or
large number of nodes are receiving the data

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Broadcasting

Separate data packets are distributed to all nodes on

the network by use of a broadcast IP address.
Data packets sent to all nodes on a network, even if
not needed
This can create a lot of unwanted network traffic

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Firewalls

First point of contact into a private network system

Consists of hardware (gateway server) and software
The firewall server represents the network IP
address to other networks
Firewall function:
Protect the network from unwanted outside traffic/users
Control and screen network traffic
Control access to specific nodes or data
Can restrict outgoing data flow
Server, working with switcher will route the data to the
proper node(s) on its own network

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Firewalls

Important point to communicate for CCTV systems

Does a firewall exist between camera pickup and
monitoring location(s)?
What is the level of access/security?
What is the bandwidth limitations and traffic
volume/patterns?

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Unit 4 Network Addresses

Answer the review questions

for Unit 4

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Unit 1 Defining Digital

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