The Parts of

Speech
Prepared By Calvin Tan

The 8 Parts of Speech

Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
Pronoun
Preposition
Interjection
Conjunction

Noun
Names a person,

place, thing or idea

Forms of Nouns
Common/Proper
Singular/Plural
Concrete/Abstract
Direct
Objects of the Preposition
Predicate Nouns

Verb
Shows action or a

state of being

Examples of Verbs
Action Verbs
Linking Verbs
Helping Verbs
Transitive Verbs

Adjective
Describes a noun or

a pronoun

Adjectives answer

What kind?
Which one?
How many?

Adverb
Describes a verb,

adjective or another
adverb

Adverbs answer
How?

When?
Where?
Usually ends in -ly

Pronoun
Takes the place of a

noun

Pronoun Examples

Subject Pronouns
Object Pronouns

Preposition
Connects a noun or

pronoun to the rest

of the sentence

Preposition Examples
The book is on the table.
The book is beneath the table.
The book is leaning against the table.
The book is beside the table.
She held the book over the table.
She read the book during class

Interjection
Shows strong

emotion

Interjections

Interjections are

usually followed by
exclamation marks

Conjunction
Connects a word or

phrase

Conjunction Examples
FANBOYS
F

For

And Nor

But

Or

Yet

So

Mathematics
Chapter 1 - Whole Numbers
Section I.
Section II.

Whole
Section III.
Section IV.

Whole Number System

Addition & Subtraction of
Numbers Section
Multiplication of Whole
Numbers
Division of Whole Numbers

+ Addition
-Subtraction

Multiplication


Multiplication

Division

systematic study
of nature and how it affects

Science is the

us and our environment.

explain natural
phenomena that happen

Science can

in our environment.
How?
Through careful observations, studies and

scientific investigations.

Environmentalist

Archeologist

Doctor

Forensic technicianScience teacher

VARIOUS FIELDS IN
SCIENCE
Science covers a very wide area of study and is
divided into various fields, such as:

Biology : the study of living things

Physics : the study of interaction of matter

and energy
Chemistry : the study of composition and
chemical properties of substances, their reactions
and uses
Geology : the study of rocks and minerals
Astronomy : the study of the stars and
planets
Meteorology : the study of weather and
climate

Wearing

goggles
Carrying
bottles by the
body; not the
neck

Bunsen burner

Test tube

Tripod stand and wire gauze

Crucible

Syringe
Test tube holder

Retort stand and clamp

1. Identifying problem
2. Forming a hypothesis
3. Planning the experiment
4. Controlling the variables
5. Collecting data
6. Analysing and interpreting data
7. Drawing a conclusion
8. Writing a report

1. List the steps of

scientific
investigation.

2. Write down a report

on Simple
pendulum experiment.

To investigate how the length of the

pendulum string affect the time for 10

complete swings of the pendulum.

How the length of the pendulum

string affect the time for 10 complete
swings of the pendulum?

If the length of the pendulum is longer, the

time taken for 10 complete swing of the

pendulum is longer.

Manipulated (what to change)

: the length of the pendulum

Responding (what is observed)
: time taken for 10 complete swings
Constant (kept the same)
: mass of the pendulum bob

Pendulum bob, string/thread, retort stand and

clamp, stop watch

Apparatus set-up:

1. Prepare the simple pendulum with a 10cm long

2.
3.
4.
5.

thread.
Pull the pendulum bob to one side, then release.
Record the time taken for 10 complete
oscillations in a table.
Repeat the experiment using a simple pendulum
of different lengths, e.g. 20cm, 30cm, 40cm and
50cm.
Draw a graph showing the time taken versus
length of pendulum for 10 complete oscillations.

1. A simple pendulum with a 10 cm long thread was

2.
3.
4.
5.

prepared.
The pendulum was pulled to one side, and then
was released.
The time taken for 10 complete oscillations was
recorded in a table.
The experiment was repeated using a simple
pendulum with 20cm, 30cm, 40 and 50cm long.
A graph showing the time taken versus length of
pendulum for 10 complete oscillations was drawn.

Graph of time taken for 10 complete oscillations

versus length of simple pendulum.

From the graph, we can say that:

1.The pendulum with a longer string takes

time to oscillate than the

pendulum with a shorter string.
2. The time taken for the pendulum to make one
complete oscillation will
when
the
increase
pendulum string is longer.

longer

From the results, the hypothesis is

accepted

.
The time taken for the simple pendulum to
make one complete oscillation increases
with the length of the pendulum.

Measurement is important

because:
It helps to describe things
everyday;
It is a part of the scientific
investigation process
(e.g: simple pendulum
experiment)

A physical quantity is something that can be

measured.
There are five basic quantities: length, time,
mass, temperature and electric current.
Measurement of physical quantities consist of
two parts:
A number indicating value or how much;
A unit of measurement.

Unit is a scale that helps you

understand a particular
measurement.
S.I units: International standard
unit of measurement (Systeme
International d Unites).

Allow us to analyse data and

compare information easily and

more accurately;
No confusion because there is
specific symbols for each unit;
Allow us to solve problems related
to measurement.

Prefixes are added to units like meter and

gram when we need to state values that are

too small or too large.

The weight of an object is the pull of the

Earth (force of gravity) on the object.

The S.I unit of weight is Newton (N).
The weight of any object depends on the
gravitational force.
The weight of an object is obtained using a
spring balance or compression spring
balance.

The mass of an object is the quantity of

matter in the object.

The S.I. unit of mass is kilogram (kg).
The mass of an object can be obtained using
a triple beam balance or lever balance.

 Tools: ruler, metre rule, measuring tape

Measuring the length of a straight line:
Using metre rule or a ruler
Correct position of eye (to avoid parallax
error)

 Measuring the length of a curve:

Using a ruler and a piece of thread

A knot is tied at the end of a thread

The thread is stretched along the curve carefully
Make a mark at the end of the curve
Stretch the thread along the ruler to obtain the
length

Using an opisometer

 Measuring the diameter of a spherical

object:
Using two wooden blocks and a ruler

Using a set-square and a ruler

Measuring the diameter of an object:

The external diameter is measured using
external calipers and a ruler

The internal diameter is measured using

internal caliper and a ruler.

Measuring the thickness of an object:

The thickness of a piece of paper can be
determined by measuring the thickness of a
stack of papers and dividing the value of
number of sheets of paper.

Thickness of a stack of paper

Thickness of a single sheet
Number of sheets

The thickness of a glass tube can be measured

by taking the difference between its external

and internal diameter.

External diameter - internal diameter

Thickness of glass
2

Area is the total surface covered by an

object.
The SI unit is square metre (m2).
Regular-shaped areas can be calculated using
Mathematical formulae.
Irregular-shaped areas can be estimated by
using a graph paper.

Using graph paper:

Trace the object on the
graph paper.
Estimate the area by
counting the number of full
squares, half full squares
and more than half full
squares (tick the squares)
Area of the object is
estimated by multiplying
the number of squares
with the area of one
square.
The area can be estimated
more accurately with
smaller squares.

Volume of an object is the total space

occupied by the object.

The SI unit is cubic metre (m3).
It also can be measured in millilitre (ml).
The apparatus: measuring cylinder, burette
and pipette.

1 ml = 1 cm3
1 l = 1000 cm3= 1000 ml
1 m3= 1 000 000 cm3 = 1
000 000 ml

Measuring volumes of liquids

The volume must be taken at the meniscus
level of the liquid.
Use a piece of white paper to enable the
meniscus to be seen clearly.
The eye is positioned at the same level of the
meniscus to avoid parallax error.

Measuring volumes of solids

The volume of regular-shaped and irregularshaped can be measured using water
displacement method.

The object to be measured must be submerged

in the measuring cylinder filled with water.

The volume of the water displaced is the
volume of the object.

The volume of a solid can also be measured

using a displacement can or a Eureka can.

The volume of the water that flows out
from the can is the volume of the solid
measured.

The volume of a light object can be

measured with the aid of a weight, for

example, a stone.
The stone which is tied to the cork enables the
cork to be submerged in the water.

Pendidikan Sivik dan

Kewarganeragaan
IDENTITI DIRI
UNIT 1 CARA PERLAKUAN

KEPERCAYAAN DAN NILAI-NILAI

IDENTITI SETIAP INDIVIDU
MAKSUD POTENSI DIRI

Potensi diri
Merupakan bakat, kebolehan dan kekuatan

yang ada dalam diri.

Mempunyai 4 aspek
-Intelek
-Jasmani
-Emosi
-Rohani

Intelek
Daya fikir merangkumi:
-Kemahiran asas
-Berfikiran secara kreatif dan kritis
-Meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan
-Memanfaatkan ilmu untuk diri dan orang lain

Rohani
Menyedari bahawa tuhan itu wujud
Mensyukuri pemberian tuhan
Taat pada ajaran agama
Berbuat baik kepada semua makhluk

Emosi
Perasaan cinta dan kasih sayang
Mengawal emosi
Mengamalkan semangat perpaduan
Bertindak dengan wajar

Jasmani
Menjaga kesihatan badan
Melakukan riadah
Menggunakan kemahiran dan kecergasan

fizikal untuk berdikari