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ER
Due to the vastness in this topic, it has been decided
that each member in this group would present on two
topics each. Due to this each member will come twice
during the presentation. So all students are requested
not to interrupt the presentation in the middle to ask
doubts. They can note down all questions and can
ask in the end. This however does not apply to faculties.
BRAKIN G SYSTEM
Presented By,
Aditya Gupta
13ME01021
Akshay R
13ME01022
B Sukesh
13ME01024
Introduct
ion
Abrakeis a mechanical device which inhibits motion,
slowing or stopping a moving object or preventing its
motion by converting its kinetic energy into other forms of
energy.
Our focus would be on railway braking system.
Unreliable
as the application of brakes by guards depended upon them hearing and
responding quickly to a whistle for brakes.
Continuous brake
would be effective continuously along the length of the train.
hy it occurred?
Long stopping distances of express trains without
continuous brakes.
Systematic signal failure in the adverse conditions of
that day due to a vulnerability to accumulation of
snow and ice.
Steam Brakes
Disadvanta
ge:
Steam lost pressure as it cooled.
The hoses carrying the steam would freeze up and clog with ice in cold climates.
Solutions:
By 1878 there were over 105 patents in various countries for braking systems,
most of which were obviously stillborn
Air
Compressor
Drivers Brake
Valve THREE BASIC
FUNCTIONS:
Acts as a link between main
reservoir and general air pipe.
Acts as a link between air pipe
and atmosphere
Provides insulation of general
air pipe with reservoir and
atmosphere.
Brake Pipe
THREE MAIN PARTS
GENERAL AIR PIPE-carries
pressurized air
FLEXIBLE HOSES-connects
air pipes of different
bogies
ANGLE COCKS-insulation
when a bogie is removed.
Brake Cylinder
When a brake is applied air
pressure gets exerted on the
piston rod .
It applies a force on the
rigging, in turn applies force
on shoes .
Shoes applies frictional force
on wheel .
Disadvantages
A fault in the general pipeline leads to complete releasing of the brake
without the driver to be warned in some way and without the possibility
of restoring the action of the brakes, aspect particularly dangerous in
terms of safety of the traffic.
High pressure differences between the brake cylinders in the
transitional stages.
Requires a large amount of compressed air when commanding braking
action, which, in case of long trains, involves the use of large main
reservoirs.
A long duration of the braking propagation rate in the long of the train.
Differe
nce
Straight air braking
system
Braking occurs when
pressure in brake pipe is
greater than pressure in
braking cylinder
der to achieve this we should have one air distributer and auxiliary reservoir
ch bogie as extra components in air braking system
Auxiliary
Reservoir
Air Distributer
During application of
brakes
Mechanical Model of
Train
Electro-pneumatic braking
system
Advantag
es:
Disadvantag
es:
Complementary Braking
System
Why to have them??
Advantage:
the wheel/rail adhesion independence.
The friction between the braking surface and rail can sometimes significantly improve
adhesion between wheel
and rail due to vigorous cleaning of the tread rails during operation.
The gravity center of the bogie is lowered.
Disadvantage:
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
mal aspects:
mitations being caused by the possibilities to dissipate the heat generated by the eddy currents
n a relatively small mass.
case of a 10 mm air gap, the rail temperature increase does not exceed 100C.
was found that in approximately 10...20 minutes the temperature evens within the rail mass.
IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF
BRAKES
DISC BRAKES
Disc brakes uses calipers to squeeze a pair of pads against a disc
inorder to create friction that retards the rotation of shaft
TREAD BRAKES
Main function of tread brakes is the brake application on wheel
roling surface (tread)
Weight reduction
Noise reduction
Cleans wheel surface
Less maintainance
BRAKE BLOCKS
Two types of brake blocks are used
L type blocks
type blocks
K type blocks
BREAKING CAPACITY
Breaking capacity depends on various major factors
Running speed
Weight
Thermal phenomena
Type of brakes
UIC formula
Karavatzki formula
Lhb bogies
Icf bogies