Chapter 5

Sampling Rate Conversion

Conte
nt
Introduction

Decimation by a factor D
Interpolation by a factor I
Sampling rate conversion by a rational
factor I/D

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 Introduction
In

many practical applications of DSP, one is faced with

the problem of changing the sampling rate of a signal.
The process of converting a signal from a given rate to
a different rate is called sampling rate conversion.
Systems that employ multiple sampling rates in the
processing of digital signals are called multirate digital
signal processing systems.

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 Introduction
There

are two general methods to accomplish the

sampling rate conversion of a digital signal.
To pass the digital signal through a D/A converter, filter
it if necessary, and then to resample the resulting analog
signal at the desired rate;
To perform the sampling rate conversion entirely in the
digital domain.
The process of reducing the sampling rate by an integer
factor D (downsampling by D) is called decimation.
The process of increasing the sampling rate by an integer
factor I (upsampling by I) is called interpolation.

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 Decimation by a factor D
In downsampling by an integer factor D>1,
every D-th samples of the input sequence
are kept and others are removed:

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 Decimation by a factor D

Relationship in time domain

Input

sequence
Periodic train of impulses

Output sequence
demo

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 Decimation by a factor D

Relationship in frequency domain

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 demo

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 Decimation by a factor D

Using a digital low-pass filter to prevent aliasing

h(n)

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 Interpolation by a factor I
In up-sampling by an integer factor I >1, I -1
equidistant zeros-valued samples are inserted
between each two consecutive samples of the input
sequence. Then a digital low-pass filter is applied.

h(n)

demo

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 Interpolation by a factor I
Relationship
Input

in frequency domain

sequence

demo

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 Sampling rate conversion by a rational factor

I/D

If

is a rational number

h1
I
(n)
interpolation

h2
(n)
D
decimation

Sampling period

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 Sampling Rate Conversion

example1

h
(n)

example2

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2
0

-15

-10

-5

10

15 n

-15

-10

-5

10

15 n

-15

-10

-5

10

15 n

-15

-10

-5

10

15 n

1
0.5
0

2
0

2
0

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12

16

20

24

28

32

36

40

44

48 n

12

16

20

24

28

32

36

40

44

48 n

12

16

20

24

28

32

36

40

44

48 n

0
4

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P137,

No.26 in textbook

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