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Department of Technical Education

Andhra Pradesh
Name : V.Rama Rao
Designation : Head of the Department
Branch: Mechanical Engg.
Institution
: 028 Sir C R R Polytechnic Eluru
Year/Semester
: VI Semester
Subject
: Industrial Engg. & Estimating and
Costing
Subject code : M603
Topic : Estimation of Weights
Duration
: 50 Minutes
Sub Topic
: Mensuration Of 2D objects
Teaching Aids :PPT Animations
Revised by
: M.V.CH Jagadeeswarudu
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Recap
In previous class, we have reviewed about

Elements of cost ,
Depreciation and related problems,
Estimation procedure
Difference between estimation and costing

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Objectives
On completion of this period you will be able to know
Procedure for estimation of weights of materials.
calculation of areas and circumference of
Square
Triangle
Trapezium
Rectangle
Parallelogram
Circle
Other such standard geometric figures

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Procedure for estimation of weights of materials


Break up the component drawing into simple and
meaningful parts.
Calculate the volume of each individual part making use
of mensuration formulae.
Small fillets and rounded corners may be neglected.
Add all these volumes to get total volume of component.
Multiply the volume by density of material .
Account for scrap and wastage.
Weight of material is multiplied by cost per unit weight of
material to arrive direct material cost.

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Areas Of Plane Figures


1. Rectangle:
l=Length of rectangle
b=Breadth of rectangle
Then,
Area

=lxb

Perimeter = 2(l + b)

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Square
Let,
S = Length of each side of square
d = Length of diagonal

Then,
Area = S2 or d2 / 2
Perimeter = 4S
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Parallelogram
l = Length of one side of Parallelogram
b = breadth of another side of Parallelogram
h = Height of Parallelogram
Then,
Area = l X h
Perimeter = 2(l+ b)

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Triangle
let a, b and c are lengths of the sides of a triangle.
h = height of `A` from base BC
Then,
Area = a x h
= x Base x Perpendicular height
Perimeter = a + b + c
and S = (a + b + c)/2
Then,
Area = s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)

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Hexagon :
Let,
a = length of each side of Hexagon
h = height
Then,
Perimeter = 6a
Height h = 3 a
Area

= (3 3/2)a2

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Any Regular Polygon :


General formula for any regular polygon having `n sides
of length `a` units each are :
Perimeter = n.a
Area

= perimeter x inner radius

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Trapezium :
Let a, b, c, and d are the lengths of four sides.
h = Perpendicular distance between parallel sides
Perimeter = a + b + c+ d

Area =

a b h
2

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Circle :
Let r = radius of circle
d = Diameter of circle
2

d
Area =
4

Perimeter = d = 2 r
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Sector :
Let r = radius of circle
= Angle in radians
l = Length of arc
l=r
Area =

(Angle of sector/(2 )) X Area of circle

r
2

r2
=
2

l r
=
2

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Q l r
13

Fillet (Circular) :
Let

r = radius of fillet.

Then,
Area of fillet = r2 - /4 r2
= r2(1 - /4 r2) = 0.215r2
= r2(approx)

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Ellipse :
Let a = semi major axis.
b = semi minor axis
Area = ab
Perimeter = (a + b)

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Segment of a circle :
Area =4 h

Where

l2 2 2
h
4 5
3
h = BD

l = AC

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SUMMARY
We have discussed about calculation of various areas of
Square
Rectangle
Parallelogram
Triangle
Hexagon
Trapezium
Circle
Sector
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QUIZ
1.

Area of the ellipse


a) Area = ab
b) Area = (a+b)
c) Area = /ab
d) Area = (a-b)

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2. Area of circular fillet


a) 0.215r2
b) 0.150r2
c) 0.225r2
d) 0.250r2

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Assignment
Write the procedure to be followed for estimating direct
material cost.
Write down the formulae for areas of
Ellipse
Fillet
Sector
Regular polygon
Segment of circle

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THANK YOU

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