Anti Shrink Finish

Praveen D Nagarajan

ANTI-SHRINK FINISH
SHRINKAGE:
Shrinkage is the contraction in the dimension of the fabric
due to usage.
Cotton fabric suffers from 2 main disadvantages of creasing
and shrinking during subsequent washing.
Creasing is overcome by the resin finishing whereas the
shrinking is prevented by a special finishing known as
Sanforising.
The machine used for that purpose is known as Zero Zero
Pre Shrinking machine.

HOW COTTON SHRINKS?

Cotton has the property of swelling in
water and these effects Shrinking.
Also the mechanical stress, strain and
tension, during spinning and weaving etc.,
when released causes the fabric to shrink.
The cotton fabric, when put in water,
swelling takes place and rearrangement of
internal forces takes place.
The fibers will become free from tension
and it comes to the original tensionless
state. These are the reasons for
shrinkage.

In case of a fabric, the warp yarns are

under much strain due to interlacement
than the weft yarns.
Hence, when a fabric is allowed to shrink,
the warp yarn shrinkage will be more than
weft yarn.
To overcome this, the fabric is extended in
widthwise to some extent in the stenter
machine during the finishing process.
Then it is subjected to the preshrink
process.

MECHANISM:
The mechanism or principle adopted to
produce shrinkage is
To place the fabric on the extended
surface of a rubber blanket represented by
the concave surface,
When the tension is released on the
blanket, it shrinks; the fabric which is in
close contact with the rubber blanket at
the concave surface has no way other
than shrinking along with the blanket.
This principle is used to produce pre
shrinking finish with the help of a
sanforising or Zero Zero machine.

METHOD OF PRODUCING
SHRINKAGE IN
SANFORISING

PARTS

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Feed Rollers,
Sprayer,
Steaming Unit,
Clip Expander,
Cylinder,
Felt Blanket,
Sprayer,
Cylinder,
Plaiter.

ANTI-SHRINK FINISH

ANTI-SHRINK FINISH
The amount or % of shrinkage depends
on:
1. The tension / stretch on the
rubber blanket.
2. Thickness of the rubber blanket.
3. Diameter of the roller.

ANTI-SHRINK FINISH
Thickness of Blanket to be used
If Shrinkage of fabric before
Sanforising is
0.275
0.4
0.45

6 8 cm / m
8 11 cm / m
11 15 cm / m

MACHINE DESCRIPTION:
This is a mechanical method of shrinkage control.
The cloth is fed into the machine through the
feed rollers of a mangle. It is used to hold back
the cloth and only allow the felt blanket to
contract to the required amount.
Otherwise over shrinking of the cloth occurs.
From the feed rollers the cloth passes between
Sprayers to moisten the cloth thereby making the
yarn soft and plastic so that it can be easily
compressed by the blanket.
The moistening is assisted by a Steaming unit
called Skyer.
Then the cloth passed through a Short Clip
Stenter to control the width of the cloth.

ANTI-SHRINK FINISH
The cloth is passed to the blanket over the feed
roller and is placed in firm contact with stretched
surface of the blanket by electrically heated
shoes.
If cold shoes are use, less shrinkage would result.
The cloth in contact with the stretched surface of
the blanket. Is passed to the main steam heated
cylinder of the palmer machine so that when the
stretched surface of the blanket is contracted by
reversal of curvature, the cloth also is contracted.

 The main cylinder of the machine

may be either 60 or 84 in diameter
to the material for which it is
intended.
After passing a round of the drum of
the palmer machine, the finished
material maybe passed on to an
auxiliary finisher. It has an additional
palmer unit

ANTI-SHRINK FINISH
It can be used
1) When both sides of the material are
to be finished alike
2) When additional shrinkage is
required. If the additional palmer
unit is used, the range is called as
Duplex otherwise it is called as
Simplex.