RECYCLED

CONCRETE
By:

AGGREGAT
E

C SHIVA KRISHNA,
1005-14-74108,
UCE(A), Osmania University

Under the guidance of:

Mrs .P.ANURADHA,
Assistant Professor,
Civil Engineering,
UCE(A), Osmania University

CONTENTS
Introduction
Objective of study
Challenges
Methodology of study

Manufacture of RCA
Properties of RCA

Results and Discussions

Conclusion
Future Scope
References

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INTRODUCTION
Recycled concrete aggregate is
defined
as
the
aggregate
obtained after the demolition of
a structure or leftover concrete
after hardening.

Concrete is the 2nd largest consumed

material after water
Production: 25 billion tonnes per year
In Newzealand 27% of waste generated is
from CDW
Recycling is preferred option than landfill or
charges or levies
Sustainable Development required
Old buildings are demolished
Extensive use of Natural Resources

Why
Recycle?
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Continued.
Sustainable practices are desirable
Reuse and conserve natural resources
Cost savings over traditional methods
Use of RA in concrete and asphalt
showed comparable performance over
virgin aggregates.

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OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
To

study the properties of RCA

To
compare the concrete with
recycled aggregate over natural
aggregate
To provide a common provision so
that waste generated will be recycled
completely
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ADVANTAGES OF RCA
Cheaper
Transportation-

Easy to obtain

Eco-Friendly
Preserves

the use of Landfill for

materials which cannot be recycled

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CHALLENGES FOR USING

RECYCLED CONCRETE
AGGREGATES
Resistance to change
Lack of experience
Inadequate codes,
specifications and
standards
Inconsistent aggregate
grading
Lower and variable
quality

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METHODOLO
GY

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MANUFACTURE OF RECYCLED
AGGREGATE
CONCRETE CONCRETE
CONCRETE MIX PROPORTIONS:
Depends

on replacement of coarse aggregate with RCA

20% replacement: specific gravity of RCA
Higher replacement: shape, grade & texture of RCA

The

addition of a fly ash can be used to increase

workability without increasing the mix-water

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CONCRETE MIXING PROCESS

There are two processes
1ST Process (Two-stage mixing approach)
Stage 1: 60 second mixing- half mix water
added- thick layer of cement slurry formed
Stage 2: Adding remaining waterstrengthened interfacial zone- improved
performance in RCA

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Mixture Procedure
(Two-Stage Mixing Approach)

mix
Recycled coarse + cementing material 1 min

50% water

mix
mix
Virgin
coarse
+
sand+
50%water
1 min
2 min

* Control concrete was

mixed following the
commonly used mixing
procedure

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 2nd Process
Dry mixing of RCA before adding the
other ingredients- higher compressive &
tensile strength & modulus of elasticityimproves shape of recycled aggregate

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Properties of RCA
FRESH CONCRETE PROPERTIES

Concrete Density:
Fresh density of recycled aggregate concrete at 100%
replacement of coarse aggregate will generally be 5% to 10%
lower than the corresponding natural aggregate

Workability:
Recycled aggregate concrete made from crushed leftover
concrete may in general require a small cement adjustment to
compensate for increase in water demand.
Concrete made from demolition concrete, which generally has a
harsher texture from the increased adhered mortar will have an
even higher water demand.
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PROPERTIES OF HARDENED CONCRETE

Tensile Strength: Tensile and flexural

strengths of recycled aggregate concrete at
100% replacement level have been found to
have the same or at most 10% lower
strength than the natural aggregate concrete

Modulus of Elasticity: reduction in the

modulus of elasticity (MOE) of recycled
aggregate concrete at 100% replacement
level compared to its natural aggregate
equivalent by between 6% and 33%.
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Drying Shrinkage: Twenty to 50% higher

shrinkage levels are reported in recycled
concrete
aggregate
mixes
at
100%
replacement level when compared to their
natural aggregate counterpart

Creep: 30% to 60% greater creep compared

with natural aggregate concrete depending on
the replacement level

Abrasion Resistance: small differences in

the abrasion resistance of concrete for up to
30% replacement level of recycled coarse
aggregate
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 Durability:

there was no reduction in

freeze thaw resistance or increase in
permeability or penetrability in the
concrete for recycled aggregate
replacement levels of up to 30%.

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Table showing properties of materials

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WATER ABSORPTION OF RCA

Aggregate

Water
Absorption
Capacity

Sand

2.43%

CA-16

2.73%

CA-7

1.90%

Recycled Agg.

5.51%
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RESULTS OF TESTS
Slump test result analysis

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Compression test result

analysis

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Split tensile strength result

analysis

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Flexural strength result

analysis

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Hardened Density
Test

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CONCLUSION
As the demolition & construction waste is increasing
recycling of aggregate is the best option available
instead of landfilling
Recycling of aggregate is a Eco-friendly process so as
to save natural resources
Replacement of natural aggregate with RCA gives:

As RCA compressive strength by 40-50%

As RCA split tensile strength
As RCA flexural strength by about 70%
As RCA density
Slump value of RCA is less than natural aggregate

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SCOPE FOR FUTURE STUDY

As

the waste generating from construction

sector is increasing there is a great need of
spreading awareness for the recycling of
aggregates
So there should be brought a provision leading
to the 100% recycling of concrete aggregate

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REFERENCES

International journal on Influence of recycled concrete aggregates

on strength parameters of concrete by Jitender Sharma1, Sandeep
Singla2- september 2014
Best Practice Guide for the use of Recycled Aggregates in New
Concrete by CCANZ
Achtemichuk, S.; Hubbard, J.; Sluce, R.; and Shehata, M. H., The
Utilization of Recycled Concrete Aggregate to Produce Controlled
Low-Strength Materials without Using Portland Cement,, V. 31,
No. 8, pp. 564-569
Engr.Bilal Riaz Chughtai Mechanical Properties Of Recycled
Aggregates Concrete

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