SHIPS

MEASUREMENT
Lesson 3

0. Basic vocabulary 1

0. Basic voacbulary 1 answers

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

length
height
width
depth
diameter
thickness
area
volume

0. Basic vocabulary 2

0. Basic vocabulary 2
answers

length long
width wide
height high
depth deep
thickness - thick

0. Baisc vocabulary 3

1. General Units of
measurement

In engineering 3 types of METRIC UNITS are used:

1. BASIC METRIC UNITS refer to LINEAR DIMENSIONS,

i.e. those which can be measured in a straight line and
are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

LENGHT
HEIGHT
WIDTH or BREADTH
THICKNESS
DEPTH

Other basic units as KILOGRAMME, SECOND, RADIAN are

used to describe physical quantities as MASS, TIME,
ANGLE

1. General Units of
measurement
2. DERIVED METRIC UNITS

DERIVED METRIC UNITS are the products of the BASIC

units and are:
AREA
VOLUME
CAPACITY

AREA is obtained by multiplying the basic units of

LENGHT and BREADTH (WIDTH) and is measured in
SQUARE METRES

1. General Units of
measurement
VOLUME and CAPACITY are measured in CUBED LINEAR UNITS
as CUBIC METRES

The volume & capacity of liquids can be measured in LITRES.

VOLUME is the space occupied by an object or substance

CAPACITY is the ability of a container or tank to hold
something.

1. General Units of
measurement
3. COMPOUND METRIC UNITS

COMPOUND UNITS are made up of BASIC and

DERIVED UNITS OF MEASUREMENT such as :
STRESS
POWER
ENERGY
ACCELERATION
WORK

1.1 Basic metric unitsexercises

The
The
The
The

bar is three metres ( GB ) / meters ( US ) long.

bar is three meters in lenght.
bar has a lenght of three meters.
lenght of the bar is three meters.

The
The
The
The

driving belt is sixty millimeters broad / wide.

driving belt is sixty millimeters in breadth / width.
driving belt has a breadth / width of sixty millimeters.
breadth / width of the driving belt is sixty millimeters.

The
The
The
The

support tower
support tower
support tower
height of the

is one / a hundred meters high.

is one hundred meters in height.
has a height of one hundred meters.
support tower is one hundred meters.

1.1 Basic metric unitsexercises

The sheet is three millimeters thick.

The sheet has a thickness of three millimeters.
The thickness of the sheet is three millimeters.
The
The
The
The

trench is two meters deep.

trench is two meters in depth.
trench has a depth of two meters.
depth of the trench is two meters.

The block has a mass of 50 kilogrammes ( GB ) /

kilograms ( US ).
The block is of 50 kg. mass.
The mass of the block is fifty kilogrammes.

1.2 Derived metric units exercises

The plate has an area of six square meters.

The plate is six square meters in area.
The area of the plate is six square meters.
The brick has a volume of one thousand six hundred
cubic centimeters.
The brick is one thousand six hundred cubic
centimeters in volume.
The volume of the brick is one thousand six hundred
cubic centimeters.
The tank has a capacity of twenty - four cubic meters.
The tank is twenty - four cubic meters in capacity.
The capacity of the tank is twenty - four cubic meters.

2. Shapes

2. Shapes - exercise

It is shaped like a circle. Its circular in

shape.

It is shaped like a cylinder. ...

It is shaped like a sphere. ...

3. Tonnage
= a measure of the size or cargo carrying
capacity of a ship = the amount of cargo
the vessel is capable of carrying
Gross Register Tonnage
Net Tonnage
Deadweight Tonnage

3.1 Gross Register Tonnage

the entire volume of the enclosed spaces

of the vessel that can be used for cargo,
stores and accommodation

3.2 Net tonnage

volume that can be used to carry cargo

it is calculated by deducing the spaces

that are not used for cargo from the
gross tonnage

often used to calculate harbour dues

3.3 Deadweight tonnage

the weight of all the contents a vessel is

capable of carrying when loaded to
summer mark

4. Cargo spaces

Bale space

Grain space

Oil space

Ullage

4.1 Bale space

the volume of the cargo holds that can

be used to carry general cargo

4.2 Grain space

the volume of the cargo holds that can

be used to carry dry bulk cargo

4.3 Oil space

98 % of the total volume of wet bulk

tanks

4.4 Ullage

empty space on top of the liquid level

that will prevent a tank from overflowing
when oil expands due to heat

5. Displacement

the amount of water that the ship

displaces while floating

the weight of the displaced fluid is

directly proportional to the volume of the
displaced fluid (if the surrounding fluid is
of uniform density).

5. Displacement

Archimedes principls (Archimedes

principle) states that the buoyant force
on an object is going to be equal to the
weight of the fluid displaced by the
object, or the density of the fluid
multiplied by the submerged volume
times the gravitational constant, e.g.
among completely submerged objects
with equal masses, objects with greater
volume have greater buoyancy.

6. Dimensions

Length Over All (L.O.A.)

Length between Perpendiculars

Breadth / Width

Moulded breadth

Moulded depth

Beam

6. Dimensions

6. Dimensions

6.1 Length Over All (L.O.A.)

the length from the extreme point of

stern to the extreme point of stem
(bow)

6.2 Breadth / Width

the breadth (width) measured to the

outside surface of plating

6.3 Moulded breadth

the horizontal distance between the

insides of the moulds

breadth at the widest point measured to

the outside surface of the frames

6.4 Moulded depth

vertical distance between the insides of

the moulds (including the double
bottom)

the vertical distance amidships from the

top of keel to the top of deck beam at
the underside of the deck plating at
ship's side

6.5 Beam

the extreme breadth of the vessel

important for obtaining clearance to

proceed in restricted, narrow fairways

6.6 Length Between

Perpendiculars

is measured between the fore

perpendicular and aft-perpendicular

6.7 Construction waterline

line to which the ship may be loaded in

summer

6.8 Draught (draft)

the vertical distance from the surface

of the water (waterline) to the
vessel's bottom

loaded draft, light draft, salt-water draft,

fresh-water draft

6.9 Freeboard

the vertical distance from the water

to the weather deck edge at any
point in the lenght of the ship

distance between the deckline and

waterline

6.10 Height or Air draught

distance from the waterline to the

highest point of the vessel

vertical clearance

6.11 Underkeel Clearance

the distance between keel and seabed