Call Drop Analysis Guideline

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A. Call Drop Reason

B.1 Air Interface Problem.
The Call Drop Reason can be classified into several reason with Raw statistic relation.

Coverage, Neighbor and Interference Problem.

VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF
VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF.RLCRst
VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF.ULSync
VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF.UuNoReply
VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF.Oth

B.2 Non Air Interface Problem.

The Call Drop Reason can be classified into several reason with Raw statistic relation.

Abnormal Problem

VS.RAB.Loss.CS.Abnorm
Cell congestion problem

VS.RAB.Loss.CS.Congstion.CELL
Signalling problem

VS.RAB.Loss.CS.SRBReset
RNC problem

VS.RAB.RelReqCS.OM, VS.RAB.RelReqCS.RABPreempt,
VS.RAB.RelReqCS.UTRANgen
IU Interface problem

VS.RAB.Loss.CS.Aal2Loss
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B. Call Drop
Analysis Flow

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C. Methodology
The methodology to analyze Call Drop problem containing several step below:
1.
Data Preparation.
2.
Coverage Analysis.
3.
Neighbor Analysis.
4.
Interference Analysis.
5.
Equipment Analysis.
6.
Signalling Analysis.

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C.1 Data Preparation

Hourly/Daily Statistic KPI(RAB release triggered by UTRAN per cell, Cell TX and RX
Power, etc).
The latest Site Map, Neighbor relation, and cell configuration/parameter data.
Single subscriber tracing recorded by RNC.
CHR recorded by RNC.
Active and History Alarm.
Data files collected by DT.

C.2 Coverage Analysis

The Threshold of CPICH RSCP <=-95 dBm consider as Poor Coverage.

If the uplink transmit power reaches the maximum before call drop, the call drop is probably
due to poor uplink coverage.
If the downlink transmit power reaches the maximum before call drop and the downlink
BLER is weak, the call drop is probably due to poor downlink coverage.
Poor Coverage could be due to cross feeder, missing neighbor, inconsistency neighbor
parameter, neighboring sites down, and node b power amplifier failure.

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C.3 Neighbor Analysis

The neighbor definition 3G-3G should be created both way.

Neighbor relation checking to avoid any missing neighbor of 3G-3G, 3G-2G, and 2G-3G
relation.
Neighbor, reselection and handover parameter checking needed to avoid improper setting
like Qqualmin and Qrxlevmin, even1A,1B,1C,2D,2F threshold and timer.

C.4 Interference Analysis

The DL interference or Pilot Pollution classified If ECNO <=-12 dB and RSCP >=-80 dBm.
The DL Power in connected mode will reaching maximum level to compensate DL
interference or Pilot Pollution problem.
The UL interference increases the UE downlink transmit power in connection mode, very
high BLER causes call drop due to synchronization failure.
UL interference might be internal or external. Most of scenario uplink interference are
external.
Pilot Polluter definition is if Cpich EcNo4th > Cpich EcNo1st - 5 dB in Scanning test.

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C.5 Equipment Analysis

The History and Active Alarm can help to give quick reference for analyzing the network
problem.
The Alarm information of RNC, Node b, MSS, MGW, and Interface(Transmission) can we
gather as early diagnosis to reduce time if we found Call Drop problem.
Alarms that affect Call Drop mainly include transmission alarms of the carrier signaling
(E1/T1, SAAL,NCP/CCP, MTP3B, internal IPC and AAL2PATH) and equipment alarms
(Power Amplifier, VSWR, clock, CPU, DSP, etc.). If such alarms occurred, find out the
causes and eliminate these alarms immediately.

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C.6 Signalling Analysis

Radio network signaling includes signaling of four standard interfaces of UU, IU IUB and
IUR. When an abnormality occurs in the signaling flow, we can check which part of signaling
flow is missing.
The missing of signaling flow should be correlated to UU,IUB,IU, and IUR interface
problem.
According to single subscriber tracing messages, the call drop is defined as:
1)
The RNC originates RAB release (the message is
RANAP_RAB_RELEASE_REQ)-TRB Reset
2)
The RNC originates IU release (the message is RANAP_IU_RELEASE_REQ)SRB Reset.
Check the call drop time and the signaling message before call drop for further analysis.
The Imsi trace tool with all interface message and monitoring kpi(CPICH RSCP, CPICH
ECNO, UL SIR, UL TX PWR, and DL TX CODE POWER) helping us distinguishing Call
Drop Reason. The Call Drop related to Air Interface or not related to Air Interface problem.

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Call Drop Analysis Guide

Using Signalling IMSI Trace

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IMSI Trace on LMT

It is Shows details of all calls based on output from Trace Management->Interface Trace
Task->UE.
Provide convenient, PC-based analysis
1. Call Message Event
2. The downlink CPICH RSCP and ECNO Distribution.
3. UL SIR Distribution.
4. UE Tx Power distribution.
5. DL Tx Code Pwr

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10

Trace Viewer for Post Processing IMSI Trace Log

1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

Call Message Event

The downlink CPICH
RSCP and ECNO
Distribution.
UL SIR Distribution.
UE Tx Power distribution.
DL TX Code Pwr.

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11

Call Message Event- Lac-Cell Id

Identification

Filter The Message by RANAP_LOCATION_REPORT message.

Convert The HEX value into DEC value.

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Call Message Event- Call Drop Identification

Synchronize the Time of Call Drop.

Call Drop Message defined as:
1. The RNC send RAB Release(RANAP_RAB_RELEASE_REQ)
2. The RNC send IU Release(RANAP_IU_RELEASE_REQ).

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Call Message Event- Normal Call

Release(User Release)

Filter The Message by RANAP_DIRECT_TRANSFER->cm-msg->Disconnect->CauseValue:normal-call-clearing(16)message.

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Call Message Event- Call Drop

Identification(Normal Unspecified(31))

Filter the message by RANAP_DIRECT_TRANSFER->cm-msg->Disconnect->CauseValue:normal-unspecified(31)message.

This Message not consider as Call Drop.
This Message consider as problem from CN (test number timer) or MTC side.

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Coverage and Interference Analysis

CPICH RSCP and ECNO

The Breakdown from RF Problem.

Checking CPICH and RSCP Distribution.
If RSCP <=-95 dBm Consider as Poor Coverage, Check for missing neighbor and nearby Site problem.
If ECNO <=-12 dB and RSCP >=-80 dBm consider as DL Interference/Pilot Pollution. Drive Test for
verification is needed.

Bad RSCP
and ECNO
Distribution

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Coverage and Interference Analysis

UE TX POWER

The Breakdown from RF Problem.

Checking UL TX PWR Distribution.
Max UE TX PWR is to 24 dBm.
If UE TX PWR more than 5 dBm consider as high UE TX PWR.
High UE TX PWR can be due to Excessive UL Coverage or High UL Interference, Check if any missing
neighbor or nearby Site Problem.

High UL TX
PWR
Distribution

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Coverage and Interference Analysis

UL SIR

The Breakdown from RF Problem.

Checking UL SIR Distribution.
The SIR Target for this Services is -1.5 dB.
If The SIR Measured Less than -1.5 dB can be due to Excessive UL Coverage or High UL Interference,
Check any missing neighbor or neighbor Site Problem

Bad UL SIR
Distribution

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Coverage and Interference Analysis

DL TX CODE POWER

The Breakdown from RF Problem.

Checking DL TX Code Power Distribution.
The TX CODE POWER MAX Value for this AMR 12.2 is equal to CPICH POWER (example 33dBm) .
The TX CODE POWER MIN Value for this AMR 12.2 is equal to 18 dBm
If The TX Code Power Reaching near to CPICH POWER can be due to Poor Coverage/Fringe Cell/DL
Interference. Check any missing neighbor or neighbor Site Problem.

High DL TX
CODE
POWER
Distribution

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