ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Kontrak penilaian matakuliah

Absensi
: 10 %
Tugas
: 20 %
Quis
: 15 %
UTS
: 25 %
UAS
: 30 %

By :

Range Penilaian:
A >= 78
B >= 68
C >= 58
D <= 57

NOVIA RITA, ST. MT

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

General
Immiscible Displacement
Miscible Displacement
Chemical Recovery
Thermal Recovery
Microbial Recovery
Factors Affecting EOR

By :

NOVIA RITA, ST. MT

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Introduction
Enhanced Oil Recovery is a means of
producing oil with the introduction of
external fluids,substances and energy into
the oil reservoir
Fluids,substances:water, steam, chemical,
microbes
Energy: mechanic, thermal or combination
of the two

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Introduction
EOR:
Immiscible Displacement
Miscible Displacement
Thermal Recovery
Chemical Recovery
Microbial EOR
Vibro Seismic

MEKANISME PENGURASAN HIDROKARBON

PENGURASAN PRIMER
(PRIMARY RECOVERY)
ATAU PENGURASAN
SECARA ILMIAH

PENGURASAN TAHAP KE-3

(TERTIARY RECOVERY)ATAU
ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY
(EOR) ATAU TEKNIK
PRODUKSI LANJUT

PENGURASAN
TAHAP KE-2
(SECONDARY
RECOVERY)

INJEKSI AIR
(WATER
FLOODING)
INJEKSI GAS
IMMISCIBLE
GAS
INJEKTION

INJEKSI
KIMIA
(CHEMICAL
FLOODING)
POLYMER
SURFACTANT
MICELLAR
POLYMER

CONVENTIONAL RECOVERY

ALKALINE

INJEKSI
TERCAMPUR
(MISCIBLE
FLOODING)
HYDROKARB
ON
MISCIBLE
CARBON
DIOXIDE
(CO2)
NITROGEN

INJEKSI
PANAS
(THERMAL
FLOODING)

STEAM
FLOODING
INSITU
COMBUTION

Perolehan minyak total akibat EOR merupakan gabungan

antara faktor2 makroskopik,
mikroskopik dan juga
heterogenitas reservoir. Secara kuantitatif,
efisiensi
perolehan minyak total akibat EOR (E TOTAL) dapat dinyatakan
sbb:
ETOTAL = EA x EV x ED
di mana: EA = efisiensi penyapuan areal (makroskopik)
EV = efisiensi penyapuan vertikal (dipengaruhi
heterogenitas lapisan)
ED = efisiensi pendesakan (mikroskopik, skala pori)

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Introduction
Objective of EOR: to improve oil recovery
by considering the economics
The most known EOR: Waterflood (gives oil
recovery as much as 30% of initial reserve)

Injection Well

Production Well

RESERVOIR

FLUIDA atau
FLUIDA + BAHAN
KIMIA atau GAS

MINYAK

RESERVOIR

SUMUR INJEKSI

SUMUR PRODUKSI

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Immiscible Displacement
Immiscible displacement:
injection of fluid that is immiscible with oil
Immiscible displacement:
Water, Gas (Hydrocarbon, CO2, Nitrogen,
Air)

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Miscible Displacement
Injection of fluid which is miscible with oil
Displacement fluids:
hydrocarbon solvent, CO2, Flue Gas, N2

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Chemical
Surfactant:
mixture of polymer, alcohol, sulfonate
reduce interfacial tension
reduce capillary pressure
increase microscopic displacement
efficiency

 Prinsip Kerja

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Chemical
Polymer:

Improving water-oil mobility ratio

Increasing Sweep Efficiency (ES) - Macroscopic
Often used in combination with surfactant

Most widely used polymer in EOR:

Polyacyrlamide:artificial, flexible
Polysaccharide:fermentation, rigid, effective
for reservoir with high viscosity oil

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Chemical
Alkaline:
Increase pH until 11 12
Could reduce interfacial tension to 0.01
dyne/cm
NaOH in water: 0.05 0.2% (500 2000 ppm)

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Thermal
Thermal recovery is a process to improve
oil recovery by introducing heat to the oil
reservoir so the oil viscosity will be reduced
or oil phase changes into vapor phase
Thermal recovery:
Hot water flood
Steam processes
In situ combustion

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Thermal
Steam processes:

Cyclic Steam Stimulation (Huff n Puff)

Steam Drive (Steam Flood)

In Situ Combustion:

Injecting air and burn some oil

Reducing oil viscosity, changing oil into vapor
phase, and displacing with combination of
steam, hot water and gas

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Microbial EOR
MEOR is a process to improve oil recovery by
using microbes
Microbe characteristics:

Able to live in high pressure and high temperature

Anaerobe
Able to live in low pH and high salinity
Able to live in less nutrition environment
Able to use Hydrocarbon as nutrition source

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Microbial EOR
MEOR mechanism:
Producing acid
dissolve rock matrix so that will increase porosity
and permeability

Producing gas (basically similar with CO2 flood)

Producing solvent (ethanol, butanol, acetone,
isopropanol)
miscible with oil, and reducing oil viscosity and giving
better mobility ratio.

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Microbial EOR
MEOR mechanism:
Producing surfactant
basically similar with surfactant flood

Selective plugging
Producing polymer
reducing water mobility and able to control water
mobility by increasing water viscosity

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Factors Affecting EOR

Wettability
Petrophysical properties
Rock type
Oil type
P & T of the reservoir
Reservoir driving mechanism
Formation water salinity
Heterogenity
Present Oil Saturation
Remaining Oil Reserves
Reservoir Dip
Economics

Summary of Screening Criteria for Enhanced

Recovery Methods

Preferred Oil Viscosity ranges for Enhanced

Recovery Methods

Permeability Guides for Enhanced Recovery

Methods

Depth Limitation for Enhanced Recovery Methods

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

THANK YOU