Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Foundations of
Physics
Unit 5, Chapter
Chapter 15 Objectives
1. Explain how the pitch, loudness, and speed of sound
are related to properties of waves.
2. Describe how sound is created and recorded.
3. Give examples of refraction, diffraction, absorption,
and reflection of sound waves.
4. Explain the Doppler effect.
5. Give a practical example of resonance with sound
waves.
6. Explain the relationship between the superposition
principle and Fouriers theorem.
7. Describe how the meaning of sound is related to
frequency and time.
8. Describe the musical scale, consonance, dissonance,
and beats in terms of sound waves.
pressure
frequency
pitch
superpositio
n principle
decibel
speaker
acoustics
microphone
fundamental
wavelength
stereo
Doppler
effect
supersonic
frequency
spectrum
shock wave
resonance
node
antinode
dissonance
harmonic
reverberation
note
sonogram
Fouriers
theorem
rhythm
musical scale
cochlea
consonance
longitudinal
wave
beats
octave
15.1 Loudness
Every increase of 20
dB, means the
pressure wave is
10 times greater in
amplitude.
Logarithmi
c scale
Linear
scale
20
10
40
100
60
1,000
80
10,000
100
100,000
120
1,000,000
15.3 Sound
The nerves near
the beginning see a
relatively large
channel and
respond to longer
wavelength, low
frequency sound.
The nerves at the small end of the channel respond
to shorter wavelength, higher-frequency sound.
15.3 Music
The pitch of a sound is how high or low we hear its frequency. Though pitch and
frequency usually mean the same thing, the way we hear a pitch can be affected by the
sounds we heard before and after.
Rhythm is a regular time pattern in a sound.
Music is a combination of sound and rhythm that we find pleasant.
Most of the music you listen to is created from a pattern of frequencies called a musical
scale.